Effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on heart rate variability during REM sleep in female rape victims with PTSD.
Abstract
Six female rape victims with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were assessed for sleep disturbances. Five responded to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and one did not complete treatment. Sympatho-vagal balance was measured using heart rate variability (HRV) during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The treatment responders significantly decreased on HRV while the noncompleter increased. The responders also significantly decreased on sleep disturbances. The noncompleter remained unchanged. Thus a remission in PTSD symptoms following CBT accompanied a reduction in the HRV indicator of sympathetic predominance in REM sleep.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
When traumatic memories are successfully processed, the physiological markers of arousal decrease.
“When traumatic memories are successfully processed, the physiological markers of arousal likewise decrease.160,182–186”
From Fear and the Defense Cascade (2015) · cites this paper as [182]
Memories of past trauma can activate the body's arousal systems, resulting in arousal, the precondition of activating the defense cascade.
“Since memories of past trauma can activate the body’s arousal systems—resulting in arousal, the precondition of activating the defense cascade”
From Fear and the Defense Cascade (2015) · cites this paper as [182]
PFC function is enhanced during CBT interventions.
“PFC function has been found to be enhanced during CBT interventions.160,182”
From Fear and the Defense Cascade (2015) · cites this paper as [182]
Cites
An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032 · see citing works
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4 · Cited by 35,234 · see citing works
Emotional processing of fear: Exposure to corrective information.
Foa, E. B., & Kozak, M. J. (1986) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.99.1.20 · Cited by 5,396 · see citing works
Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder
Foa, E. B., Riggs, D. S., Dancu, C. V., & Rothbaum, B. O. (1993) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.2490060405 · Cited by 2,537 · see citing works
Resick, P. A., Nishith, P., Weaver, T. L., Astin, M. C., & Feuer, C. A. (2002) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.70.4.867 · Cited by 1,294 · see citing works
Self-citationResick, P. A., Nishith, P., Weaver, T. L., Astin, M. C., & Feuer, C. A. (2002) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.70.4.867 · Cited by 1,294 · see citing works
Self-citationA clinician rating scale for assessing current and lifetime PTSD. The CAPS-1
Blake, D. D., Weathers, F. W., Nagy, L., Kaloupek, D. G., Klauminzer, G. W., Charney, D. S., & Keane, T. M. (1990) · Behavior Therapy · Cited by 1,123 · see citing works
Treating the Trauma of Rape: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for PTSD
Ellis, E. M. (1999) · American Journal of Psychotherapy · doi:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1999.53.1.126 · Cited by 734 · see citing works
The Effects of Coffee and Napping on Nighttime Highway Driving
Philip, P., Taillard, J., Moore, N. D., Delord, S., Valtat, C., Sagaspe, P., & Bioulac, B. H. (2006) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-144-11-200606060-00004 · Cited by 650 · see citing works
Sleep disturbance as the hallmark of posttraumatic stress disorder
(1989) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.146.6.697 · Cited by 566 · see citing works
Nightmares and trauma: a comparison of nightmares after combat with lifelong nightmares in veterans
(1984) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.141.2.187 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Comments on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
ROSS, R. J., BALL, W. A., & MORRISON, A. R. (1989) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.146.1.128-a · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Woodward, S. H., Arsenault, N. J., Murray, C. F., & Bliwise, D. L. (2000) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00917-3 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Malliani, A., Pagani, M., & Lombardi, F. (1994) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(94)90617-3 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Dreams and exposure therapy in PTSD
Rothbaum, B. O., & Mellman, T. A. (2001) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1023/a:1011104521887 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Ross, R. J. M., Ball, W. A., Sullivan, K. A., & Caroff, S. N. (1989) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.146.12.1645 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Kamath, M. V., Ghista, D. N., Fallen, E. L., FITCHETT, D. H., Miller, D., & McKelvie, R. S. (1987) · Heart and Vessels · doi:10.1007/bf02073645 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Alpha activity and cardiac correlates: three types of relationships during nocturnal sleep
Ehrhart, J., Toussaint, M., Simon, C., Gronfier, C., Luthringer, R., & BRANDENBERGER, G. (2000) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(00)00247-9 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
An autonomic flexibility–neurovisceral integration model of anxiety and cardiac vagal tone
Friedman, B. H. (2007) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.08.009 · Cited by 739 · see citing works
Kozlowska, K., Walker, P., McLean, L., & Carrive, P. (2015) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000065 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
“PFC function has been found to be enhanced duringCBTinterventions.(160,182)”
BackgroundPosttraumatic Stress Disorder, Cardiovascular, and Metabolic Disease: A Review of the Evidence
Dedert, E. A., Calhoun, P. S., Watkins, L. L., Sherwood, A., & Beckham, J. C. (2010) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-010-9165-9 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: A review
Kar, N. (2011) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s10389 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Heart rate variability during sleep and the early development of posttraumatic stress disorder
Mellman, T. A., Knorr, B. R., Pigeon, W. R., Leiter, J. C., & Akay, M. (2004) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.12.018 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
(2010) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.02.010 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nishith, P., Duntley, S. P., Domitrovich, P. P., Uhles, M. L., Cook, B. J., & Stein, P. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Missouri–St. Louis (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nishith, Pallavi
- Venue
- Journal of Traumatic Stress
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-06
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 247-250
- ISSN
- 0894-9867 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6598
- OpenAlex
- W2023040262
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Traumatic Stress (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1r03mh059214-01)
- National Institute of Mental Health (1-R01-MH51509-07, 1-R03-MH59214-01, R01MH051509)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Keywords
- cognitive behavioral therapy, post-traumatic stress disorder, rape victims, heart rate variability, REM sleep, sympathovagal balance, sleep disorders, treatment response
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Rape, Sleep, REM, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
