Data‐Driven Worldwide Quantification of Large‐Scale Hydroclimatic Covariation Patterns and Comparison With Reanalysis and Earth System Modeling
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
Large‐scale covariations of freshwater fluxes and storages on land can critically regulate the balance of green (evapotranspiration) and blue (runoff) water fluxes, and related land‐atmosphere interactions and hydroclimatic hazards. Such large‐scale covariation patterns are not evident from smaller‐scale hydrological studies that have been most common so far, and remain largely unknown for various regions and climates around the world. To contribute to bridging the large‐scale knowledge gaps, we synthesize and decipher hydroclimatic data time series over the period 1980–2010 for 6,405 catchments around the world. From observation‐based data, we identify dominant large‐scale linear covariation patterns between monthly freshwater fluxes and soil moisture (SM) for different world parts and climates. These covariation patterns are also compared with those obtained from reanalysis products and Earth System Models (ESMs). The observation‐based data sets robustly show the strongest large‐scale hydrological relationship to be that between SM and runoff (R), consistently across the study catchments and their different climate characteristics. This predominantly strongest covariation between monthly SM and R is also the most misrepresented by ESMs and reanalysis products, followed by that between monthly precipitation and R. Comparison of observation‐based and ESM results also shows that an ESM may perform well for individual monthly variables, but fail in representing the patterns of large‐scale linear covariations between them. Observation‐based quantification of these patterns, and ESM and reanalysis improvements for their representation are essential for fundamental understanding, and more accurate and reliable modeling and projection of large‐scale hydrological conditions and changes under ongoing global and regional change.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The ERA‐Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system
Dee, D. P., Uppala, S. M., Simmons, A. J., Berrisford, P., Poli, P., Kobayashi, S., Andrae, U., Balmaseda, M. A., Balsamo, G., Bauer, P., et al. (2011) · Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society · doi:10.1002/qj.828 · Cited by 24,480 · see citing works
Eyring, V., Bony, S., Meehl, G. A., Senior, C. A., Stevens, B., Stouffer, R. J., & Taylor, K. E. (2016) · Geoscientific Model Development · doi:10.5194/gmd-9-1937-2016 · Cited by 11,981 · see citing works
Uppala, S. M., Kållberg, P. W., Simmons, A. J., Andrae, U., Bechtold, V. D. C., Fiorino, M., Gibson, J. K., Haseler, J., Hernandez, A., Kelly, G. A., et al. (2005) · Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society · doi:10.1256/qj.04.176 · Cited by 6,803 · see citing works
Investigating soil moisture–climate interactions in a changing climate: A review
Seneviratne, S. I., Corti, T., Davin, É. L., Hirschi, M., Jaeger, E. B., Lehner, I., Orlowsky, B., & Teuling, A. J. (2010) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.02.004 · Cited by 5,780 · see citing works
The Global Land Data Assimilation System
Rodell, M., Houser, P. R., Jambor, U., Gottschalck, J., Mitchell, K., Meng, C.-J., Arsenault, K. R., Cosgrove, B. A., Radakovich, J., Bosilovich, M. G., et al. (2004) · Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society · doi:10.1175/bams-85-3-381 · Cited by 5,649 · see citing works
Global surface temperature change
Hansen, J., Ruedy, R., Sato, M., & Lo, K. (2010) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1029/2010rg000345 · Cited by 3,081 · see citing works
Improvements to NOAA’s Historical Merged Land–Ocean Surface Temperature Analysis (1880–2006)
Smith, T. M., Reynolds, R. W., Peterson, T. C., & Lawrimore, J. H. (2008) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/2007jcli2100.1 · Cited by 2,924 · see citing works
GLEAM v3: satellite-based land evaporation and root-zone soil moisture
Martens, B., Miralles, D. G., Lievens, H., van der Schalie, R., de Jeu, R., Fernández‐Prieto, D., Beck, H. E., Dorigo, W. A., & Verhoest, N. E. C. (2017) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-10-1903-2017 · Cited by 2,616 · see citing works
A Review of Global Precipitation Data Sets: Data Sources, Estimation, and Intercomparisons
Sun, Q., Miao, C., Duan, Q., Ashouri, H., Sorooshian, S., & Hsu, K. (2017) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1002/2017rg000574 · Cited by 1,957 · see citing works
Global land-surface evaporation estimated from satellite-based observations
Miralles, D. G., Holmes, T., de Jeu, R., Gash, J. H. C., Meesters, A. G. C. A., & Dolman, A. J. (2011) · Hydrology and earth system sciences · doi:10.5194/hess-15-453-2011 · Cited by 1,855 · see citing works
Hydrological drought explained
Loon, A. F. V. (2015) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water · doi:10.1002/wat2.1085 · Cited by 1,812 · see citing works
Dorigo, W. A., Wagner, W., Albergel, C., Albrecht, F., Balsamo, G., Brocca, L., Chung, D., Ertl, M., Forkel, M., Gruber, A., et al. (2017) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2017.07.001 · Cited by 1,528 · see citing works
The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5.0.3)
Swart, N. C., Cole, J. N. S., Kharin, V., Lazare, M., Scinocca, J., Gillett, N. P., Anstey, J. A., Arora, V. K., Christian, J. R., Hanna, S., et al. (2019) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-12-4823-2019 · Cited by 1,396 · see citing works
Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) – a community perspective
Blöschl, G., Bierkens, M. F. P., Chambel, A., Cudennec, C., Destouni, G., Fiori, A., Kirchner, J. W., McDonnell, J. J., Savenije, H. H. G., Sivapalan, M., et al. (2019) · Hydrological Sciences Journal · doi:10.1080/02626667.2019.1620507 · Cited by 1,109 · see citing works
Self-citationClimate Extremes and Compound Hazards in a Warming World
AghaKouchak, A., Chiang, F., Huning, L. S., Love, C. A., Mallakpour, I., Mazdiyasni, O., Moftakhari, H., Papalexiou, S. M., Ragno, E., & Sadegh, M. (2020) · Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences · doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-071719-055228 · Cited by 1,103 · see citing works
Scientists’ warning to humanity on the freshwater biodiversity crisis
Albert, J. S., Destouni, G., Duke-Sylvester, S. M., Magurran, A. E., Oberdorff, T., Reis, R. E., Winemiller, K. O., & Ripple, W. J. (2021) · Ambio · doi:10.1007/s13280-020-01318-8 · Cited by 943 · see citing works
Self-citationFalkenmark, M., & Rockström, J. (2006) · Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management · doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(2006)132:3(129 · Cited by 794 · see citing works
A global monthly land surface air temperature analysis for 1948–present
Fan, Y. L., & van den Dool, H. (2008) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2007jd008470 · Cited by 731 · see citing works
Understanding and managing connected extreme events
Raymond, C., Horton, R., Jakob Zscheischler, A., Martius, O., AghaKouchak, A., Balch, J. K., Bowen, S. G., Camargo, S. J., Hess, J. J., Kornhuber, K., et al. (2020) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-020-0790-4 · Cited by 718 · see citing works
Evolution of the ESA CCI Soil Moisture climate data records and their underlying merging methodology
Gruber, A., Scanlon, T., van der Schalie, R., Wagner, W., & Dorigo, W. A. (2019) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-11-717-2019 · Cited by 683 · see citing works
Improving the representation of hydrologic processes in Earth System Models
Clark, M., Fan, Y., Lawrence, D. M., Adam, J. C., Bolster, D., Gochis, D., Hooper, R. P., Kumar, M., Leung, L.-Y. R., Mackay, D. S., et al. (2015) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1002/2015wr017096 · Cited by 651 · see citing works
ERA-Interim/Land: a global land surface reanalysis data set
Balsamo, G., Albergel, C., Beljaars, A. C. M., Boussetta, S., Brun, E., Cloke, H., Dee, D. P., Dutra, E., Muñoz‐Sabater, J., Pappenberger, F., et al. (2015) · Hydrology and earth system sciences · doi:10.5194/hess-19-389-2015 · Cited by 641 · see citing works
Global reanalysis: goodbye ERA-Interim, hello ERA5
Hersbach, H., Bell, W., Berrisford, P., Horányi, Á., Muñoz‐Sabater, J., Nicolas, J. P., Radu, R., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., et al. (2019) · European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts · doi:10.21957/vf291hehd7 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Connections between groundwater flow and transpiration partitioning
Maxwell, R. M., & Condon, L. E. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaf7891 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
The CAMELS-CL dataset: catchment attributes and meteorology for large sample studies – Chile dataset
Álvarez-Garretón, C., Mendoza, P. A., Boisier, J. P., Addor, N., Galleguillos, M., Zambrano‐Bigiarini, M., Lara, A., Puelma, C., Cortés, G., Garreaud, R. D., et al. (2018) · Hydrology and earth system sciences · doi:10.5194/hess-22-5817-2018 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
Spatial‐temporal variability of soil moisture and its estimation across scales
Brocca, L., Melone, F., Moramarco, T., & Morbidelli, R. (2010) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1029/2009wr008016 · Cited by 448 · see citing works
Schneider, U., Becker, A., Finger, P., Meyer-Christoffer, A., Rudolf, B., & Ziese, M. (2016) · doi:10.5065/d6000072 · Cited by 444 · see citing works
Triple Collocation-Based Merging of Satellite Soil Moisture Retrievals
Gruber, A., Dorigo, W. A., Crow, W. T., & Wagner, W. (2017) · IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · doi:10.1109/tgrs.2017.2734070 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Interdependence of groundwater dynamics and land-energy feedbacks under climate change
Maxwell, R. M., & Kollet, S. J. (2008) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/ngeo315 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
The Relative Importance of Different Flood‐Generating Mechanisms Across Europe
Berghuijs, W. R., Harrigan, S., Molnár, P., Slater, L. J., & Kirchner, J. W. (2019) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1029/2019wr024841 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Thorslund, J., Jarsjö, J., Jaramillo, F., Jawitz, J. W., Manzoni, S., Basu, N. B., Chalov, S., Cohen, M. J., Creed, I. F., Goldenberg, R., et al. (2017) · Ecological Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.07.012 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Self-citationCoxon, G., Addor, N., Bloomfield, J. P., Freer, J. E., Fry, M., Hannaford, J., Howden, N. J. K., Lane, R., Lewis, M. A., Robinson, E. L., et al. (2020) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-12-2459-2020 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Brooks, P. D., Chorover, J., Fan, Y., Godsey, S. E., Maxwell, R. M., McNamara, J. P., & Tague, C. (2015) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1002/2015wr017039 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
More green and less blue water in the Alps during warmer summers
Mastrotheodoros, T., Pappas, C., Molnár, P., Burlando, P., Manoli, G., Párajka, J., Rigon, R., Széles, B., Bottazzi, M., Hadjidoukas, P. E., et al. (2020) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0676-5 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Hydroclimatic shifts driven by human water use for food and energy production
Destouni, G., Jaramillo, F., & Prieto, C. (2013) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate1719 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Self-citationCAMELS-BR: hydrometeorological time series and landscape attributes for 897 catchments in Brazil
Chagas, V. B. P., Chaffe, P. L. B., Addor, N., Fan, F. M., Fleischmann, A. S., de Paiva, R. C. D., & Siqueira, V. A. (2020) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-12-2075-2020 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Berghuijs, W. R., Sivapalan, M., Woods, R. A., & Savenije, H. H. G. (2014) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1002/2014wr015692 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Annual runoff in the United States
Langbein, W. B. (1949) · U.S. Geological Survey circular/U.S. Geological Survey Circular · doi:10.3133/cir52 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Adaptability and adaptations of California’s water supply system to dry climate warming
Medellín‐Azuara, J., Harou, J., Olivares, M. A., Madani, K. M., Lund, J. R., Howitt, R. E., Tanaka, S. K., Jenkins, M. W., & Zhu, T. (2007) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-007-9355-z · Cited by 201 · see citing works
A Quantitative Hydrological Climate Classification Evaluated With Independent Streamflow Data
Knoben, W. J. M., Woods, R. A., & Freer, J. E. (2018) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1029/2018wr022913 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Drought reduces blue-water fluxes more strongly than green-water fluxes in Europe
Orth, R., & Destouni, G. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06013-7 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Self-citationCAMELS-AUS: hydrometeorological time series and landscape attributes for 222 catchments in Australia
Fowler, K., Acharya, S. C., Addor, N., Chou, C., & Peel, M. (2021) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-13-3847-2021 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Predicting above normal wildfire activity in southern Europe as a function of meteorological drought
Gudmundsson, L., Rego, F. C., Rocha, M. S., & Seneviratne, S. I. (2014) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/084008 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Hydrologic synthesis: Across processes, places, and scales
Blöschl, G. (2006) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1029/2005wr004319 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
BCC BCC-CSM2MR model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP
辛晓歌, Chu, M., Dong, M., Fang, Y., 颉卫华, Li, J., Li, W., Liu, Q., Shi, X., Xin, X., et al. (2018) · Earth System Grid Federation · doi:10.22033/esgf/cmip6.1725 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Estimated impacts of climate warming on California’s high-elevation hydropower
Madani, K. M., & Lund, J. R. (2009) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-009-9750-8 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Kalantari, Z., Ferreira, C., Koutsouris, A. J., Ahlmer, A.-K., Cerdà, A., & Destouni, G. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.009 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Self-citationOn the need to test hydrological models under changing conditions
Thirel, G., Andréassian, V., & Perrin, C. (2015) · Hydrological Sciences Journal · doi:10.1080/02626667.2015.1050027 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Evolution of the hydro-climate system in the Lake Baikal basin
Törnqvist, R., Jarsjö, J., Pietroń, J., Bring, A., Rogberg, P., Asokan, S. M., & Destouni, G. (2014) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.09.074 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationVariability and change in the hydro-climate and water resources of Iran over a recent 30-year period
Panahi, D. M., Kalantari, Z., Ghajarnia, N., Seifollahi‐Aghmiuni, S., & Destouni, G. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64089-y · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationAn error estimation method for precipitation and temperature projections for future climates
Woldemeskel, F., Sharma, A., Sivakumar, B., & Mehrotra, R. (2012) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2012jd018062 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Assessment of drought damages and their uncertainties in Europe
Naumann, G., Spinoni, J., Vogt, J., & Barbosa, P. (2015) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/10/12/124013 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Screening long-term variability and change of soil moisture in a changing climate
Destouni, G., & Verrot, L. (2014) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.01.059 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationInfluences of shifts in climate, landscape, and permafrost on terrestrial hydrology
Bosson, E., Sabel, U., Gustafsson, L., Sassner, M., & Destouni, G. (2012) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2011jd016429 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationLarge-scale biospheric drought response intensifies linearly with drought duration in arid regions
Orth, R., Destouni, G., Jung, M., & Reichstein, M. (2020) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-17-2647-2020 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationBring, A., Asokan, S. M., Jaramillo, F., Jarsjö, J., Levi, L., Pietroń, J., Prieto, C., Rogberg, P., & Destouni, G. (2015) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1002/2014ef000296 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationEC-Earth-Consortium EC-Earth3-Veg model output prepared for CMIP6 ScenarioMIP
EC-Earth Consortium (EC-Earth) (2019) · Earth System Grid Federation · doi:10.22033/esgf/cmip6.727 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Pellet, V., Aires, F., Munier, S., Jordá, G., Prieto, D. F., Dorigo, W. A., Polcher, J., & Brocca, L. (2019) · Hydrology and earth system sciences · doi:10.5194/hess-23-465-2019 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Water and solute transport along hydrological pathways
Cvetkovic, V. D., Carstens, C., Selroos, J., & Destouni, G. (2012) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1029/2011wr011367 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationClose co-variation between soil moisture and runoff emerging from multi-catchment data across Europe
Ghajarnia, N., Kalantari, Z., Orth, R., & Destouni, G. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-61621-y · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Global Streamflow Indices and Metadata Archive - Part 1: Station catalog and Catchment boundary
Xuan, H., Gudmundsson, L., Leonard, M., & Westra, S. (2018) · Figshare · doi:10.1594/pangaea.887477 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
MIROC MIROC6 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP
Tatebe, H., & Watanabe, M. (2018) · Earth System Grid Federation · doi:10.22033/esgf/cmip6.881 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Koutsouris, A. J., Destouni, G., Jarsjö, J., & Lyon, S. W. (2010) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/5/3/034005 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationGudmundsson, L., Xuan, H., Leonard, M., & Westra, S. (2018) · Figshare · doi:10.1594/pangaea.887470 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Asokan, S. M., Rogberg, P., Bring, A., Jarsjö, J., & Destouni, G. (2015) · Journal of Hydrology Regional Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.11.017 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationHAMMOZ-Consortium MPI-ESM1.2-HAM model output prepared for CMIP6 AerChemMIP
Neubauer, D., Ferrachat, S., Drian, C. S., Stoll, J., Folini, D., Tegen, I., Wieners, K., Mauritsen, T., Stemmler, I., Barthel, S., et al. (2019) · Earth System Grid Federation · doi:10.22033/esgf/cmip6.1621 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Standard error calculations for non-seasalt constituents in marine precipitation
Hawley, M. E., Galloway, J. N., & Keene, W. C. (1988) · Water Air & Soil Pollution · doi:10.1007/bf00282393 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Darracq, A., Destouni, G., Persson, K., Prieto, C., & Jarsjö, J. (2010) · Hydrological Processes · doi:10.1002/hyp.7588 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationContrasting Hydroclimatic Model‐Data Agreements Over the Nordic‐Arctic Region
Bring, A., Goldenberg, R., Kalantari, Z., Prieto, C., Ma, Y., Jarsjö, J., & Destouni, G. (2019) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1029/2019ef001296 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationPan, X., Ma, W., Zhang, Y., & Li, H. (2021) · Atmosphere · doi:10.3390/atmos12030399 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Distinguishing Direct Human‐Driven Effects on the Global Terrestrial Water Cycle
Kåresdotter, E., Destouni, G., Ghajarnia, N., Lammers, R. B., & Kalantari, Z. (2022) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1029/2022ef002848 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationContrasting Drought Propagation Into the Terrestrial Water Cycle Between Dry and Wet Regions
Li, W., Reichstein, M., Sungmin, O., May, C., Destouni, G., Migliavacca, M., Kraft, B., Weber, U., & Orth, R. (2023) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1029/2022ef003441 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationCooling Effects Revealed by Modeling of Wetlands and Land‐Atmosphere Interactions
Zhang, Z., Chen, F., Barlage, M. J., Bortolotti, L. E., Famiglietti, J. S., Li, Z., Xiao, M., & Li, Y. (2022) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1029/2021wr030573 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Bruno, G., Avanzi, F., Gabellani, S., Ferraris, L., Cremonese, E., Galvagno, M., & Massari, C. (2022) · Advances in Water Resources · doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2022.104305 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Althoff, D., & Destouni, G. (2023) · One Earth · doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2023.08.002 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationBakhtar, A., Ziveh, A. R., Shayeghi, A., Teymoori, J., Ghajarnia, N., & Saemian, P. (2022) · Water · doi:10.3390/w14101650 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationZiveh, A. R., Bakhtar, A., Shayeghi, A., Kalantari, Z., Bavani, A. R. M., & Ghajarnia, N. (2022) · Journal of Hydrology Regional Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ejrh.2022.101269 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationAssessment of water availability vulnerability in the Cerrado
Althoff, D., Rodrigues, L. N., & da Silva, D. D. (2021) · Applied Water Science · doi:10.1007/s13201-021-01521-2 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Precipitation observing network gaps limit climate change impact assessment
Su, J., Miao, C., Zwiers, F. W., Beck, H., Jones, P., Sun, Q., Slater, L. J., Berghuijs, W. R., Wada, Y., Rosenfeld, D., et al. (2026) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10300-5 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationPanahi, M., Khosravi, K., Rezaie, F., Ferreira, C., Destouni, G., & Kalantari, Z. (2023) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1029/2023ef003749 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationA global multi catchment and multi dataset synthesis for water fluxes and storage changes on land
Zarei, M., & Destouni, G. (2024) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-024-04203-1 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationZarei, M., & Destouni, G. (2024) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1029/2023ef003792 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationZarei, M., & Destouni, G. (2025) · Frontiers in Environmental Science · doi:10.3389/fenvs.2025.1646528 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationAvinash, R., & Dwarakish, G. S. (2025) · Lecture notes in civil engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-9180-4_22 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Terrestrial Water Cycle Acceleration‐Deceleration: Non‐Binary and Space‐Time Divergent
Destouni, G., Althoff, D., & Zarei, M. (2025) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1029/2025ef006059 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationBaltic hydro-climatic data: a regional data synthesis for the baltic sea drainage basin
Zarei, M., & Destouni, G. (2025) · Frontiers in Earth Science · doi:10.3389/feart.2025.1595943 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationFeng, H., Zhou, J., Wu, Z., Dong, J., Brocca, L., Zhao, L., He, H., & Fan, H. (2026) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1029/2024wr039571 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Candia, R. J., Mamani, D. M., & Lujano, E. (2023) · Ñawparisun - Revista de Investigación Científica · doi:10.47190/nric.v4i3.254
Water and sustainability: Research pathways to integrated big-picture science
Destouni, G. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-27396-4.00031-2
Self-citationEnhanced extremes without intensification of South America’s water cycle from 1980 to 2010
Zarei, M., & Destouni, G. (2026) · Communications Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43247-026-03661-2
Self-citationZarei, M., & Destouni, G. (2026) · Frontiers in Environmental Science · doi:10.3389/fenvs.2026.1764771
Self-citation
- Authors
- Ghajarnia, N., Kalantari, Z., & Destouni, G.
- Affiliations
- Stockholm University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Ghajarnia, Navid
- Venue
- Water Resources Research
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2021-10
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 10
- ISSN
- 0043-1397 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-7973
- OpenAlex
- W3139260083
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 0.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Water Resources Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas (2017-00608)
- Vetenskapsrådet
- Stockholms Universitet
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Keywords
- soil moisture, runoff, evapotranspiration, freshwater flux, land-atmosphere interactions, hydrological model evaluation, Earth system models, reanalysis data, rainfall-runoff, hydrological projections
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
