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Enigmatic Mid‐Proterozoic Orogens: Hot, Thin, and Low
Abstract
Since the Archean, secular change in orogenic style is demonstrated through evolution of metamorphic conditions and geochemical proxies. Linked to orogenic style is the amount of crustal thickening and elevation, whereas orogenic vigor is related to the supercontinent cycle. An array of Proterozoic orogens spanned the assembly of supercontinents Columbia and Rodinia, but the vigor of orogenesis is debated, with proposals for both Mesoproterozoic quiescence and climax. We show mid‐Proterozoic orogenesis occurred globally and was broadly continuous; furthermore, orogens exhibit elevated metamorphic thermobaric ratios with large volumes of high‐temperature felsic magmatic rocks. These features reflect higher mantle heat flux leading to increased mid‐crustal flow and lower elevation. In this context, proposals that geochemical proxies for crustal thickness record orogenic quiescence are inconsistent with the geological record. Alternatively, secular change in crustal thickness is attributed to orogenic style, namely the prevalence of hot, thin, and low orogens in the mid‐Proterozoic.
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The thickness of orogenic crust in the Mesoproterozoic has been recently questioned by Spencer et al. (2021) on the grounds of higher geothermal gradients and zircon trace element patterns.
“The thickness of orogenic crust in the Mesoproterozoic has been recently questioned by Spencer et al. (2021) on the grounds of higher geothermal gradients and zircon trace element patterns (e.g., Tang et al. 2021).”
From The Grenville Province: revisiting the orogenic framework and integrating recent findings (2025) · cites this paper as Spencer et al. (2021)
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The Grenville Province: revisiting the orogenic framework and integrating recent findings
Indares, A. (2025) · Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1139/cjes-2023-0143 · Cited by 11
Metadata
- Authors
- Spencer, C. J., Mitchell, R. N., & Brown, M.
- Affiliations
- Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering Queen's University Kingston ON Canada
- State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Department of Geology Laboratory for Crustal Petrology University of Maryland College Park MD USA
- Venue
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2021-08-18
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 16
- ISSN
- 0094-8276
- 1944-8007
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 9
- Language
- en
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