The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 58 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Stability of ammonia in the primitive terrestrial atmosphere
Abstract
A one‐dimensional photochemical model is used to calculate the rate at which ammonia would have been destroyed in the earth's atmosphere for assumed NH3 mixing ratios of 10−8 to 10−4. The calculated NH3 destruction rates are then compared with possible abiotic and biotic sources for ammonia. Abiotic sources were probably sufficient to maintain the NH3 mixing ratio of 10−8 needed for life to have evolved but were too small to sustain the mixing ratios of 10−5 or more necessary to produce significant greenhouse warming. The atmospheric ammonia concentration may have increased during the Archean as a result of biological activities but probably remained below the level required to generate measurable thermal effects.
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“Ammonia (NH3) levels of 10 to 100 ppmv would provide a greenhouse effect to counteract the faint young Sun (FYS) (14), but these levels of NH3 cannot be sustained against UV photolysis (161).”
From The Archean atmosphere (2020) · cites this paper as [161]
In the citing paper
“Highly reduced gases such as CH 4 or NH 3 are also dissociated by photolysis due to the high XUV flux of the young Sun and by reactions with OH and O radicals produced from the photolysis of H 2 O and CO 2 molecules (Kuhn and Atreya 1979; Kasting 1982; Kasting 1993; Zahnle et al. 2010; Wordsworth 2016).”
From The young Sun's XUV-activity as a constraint for lower CO2-limits in the Earth's Archean atmosphere (2021) · cites this paper as Kasting 1982
Citations
Cites
A negative feedback mechanism for the long‐term stabilization of Earth's surface temperature
Walker, J. C. G., Hays, P. B., & Kasting, J. F. (1981) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans · doi:10.1029/jc086ic10p09776 · Cited by 2,310
Lynden-Bell, D. (1974) · Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics · doi:10.1016/0021-9169(74)90238-4 · Cited by 1,639
Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in stratospheric modeling
DeMore, W. B., Margitan, J. J., Molina, M. J., Watson, R. T., Golden, D. M., Hampson, R. F., Kurylo, M. J., HOWARD, C. J., & Ravishankara, A. R. (1992) · NASA STI Repository (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) · Cited by 1,535
Organic Compound Synthesis on the Primitive Earth
Miller, S. L., & Urey, H. C. (1959) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.130.3370.245 · Cited by 1,403
Trace elements in biochemistry
Sabine, D. B. (1967) · Microchemical Journal · doi:10.1016/0026-265x(67)90079-3 · Cited by 1,261
Photolysis of Water and Photoreduction of Nitrogen on Titanium Dioxide
Schrauzer, G. N., & Guth, T. D. (1977) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00464a015 · Cited by 1,254
Trace elements in biochemistry
Bowen, H. J. M. (1966) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,220
The chemistry of the atmosphere and oceans
Sibley, D. F. (1979) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(79)90059-0 · Cited by 1,141
(1978) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,073
Earth and Mars: evolution of atmospheres and surface temperatures
Sagan, C., & Mullen, G. (1972) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.177.4043.52 · Cited by 942
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Calvert J. G., 1966, Photochemistry
- Walker James C. G., 1977, Evolution of the Atmosphere
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Evolution and Future of Earth’s Nitrogen Cycle
Canfield, D. E., Glazer, A. N., & Falkowski, P. G. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1186120 · Cited by 2,697
Catling, D. C., & Zahnle, K. J. (2020) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax1420 · Cited by 568
“2020;6 : eaax1420 26 February 2020 Ammonia (NH3) levels of 10 to 100 ppmv would provide a greenhouse effect to counteract the faint young Sun (FYS) (14), but these levels ofNH3 cannot be sustained againstUVphotolysis (161).”
BackgroundEvolution of a Habitable Planet
Kasting, J. F., & Catling, D. C. (2003) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.41.071601.170049 · Cited by 566
Greenhouse warming by CH 4 in the atmosphere of early Earth
Pavlov, A. A., Kasting, J. F., Brown, L. L., Rages, K. A., & Freedman, R. (2000) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets · doi:10.1029/1999je001134 · Cited by 537
Self-citationTheoretical constraints on oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the Precambrian atmosphere
Kasting, J. F. (1987) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/0301-9268(87)90001-5 · Cited by 530
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Kasting, J. F.
- Affiliations
- Ames Research Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kasting, James F.
- ORCID
- Kasting, James F.
- Venue
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 1982-04-20
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- C4
- Pages
- 3091-3098
- ISSN
- 0148-0227 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2033191700
- Cited by
- 140
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 10.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Keywords
- ammonia, early Earth atmosphere, atmospheric chemistry, global warming, Archean atmosphere, early Earth, photochemical modeling, atmospheric mixing ratios
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