The effect of repeated professional supragingival plaque removal on the composition of the supra‐ and subgingival microbiota

Ximénez‐Fyvie, Laurie Ann; Haffajee, Anne D.; Som, Sovanda; Thompson, Maureen; Torresyap, Gay; Socransky, Sigmund S.

doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027009637.x

Cited by 154Oral microbiology and periodontitis researchPeriodontal Regeneration and TreatmentsDental Research and COVID-19

The effect of repeated professional supragingival plaque removal on the composition of the supra‐ and subgingival microbiota

Open access

Ximénez‐Fyvie, Laurie Ann, Haffajee, Anne D., Som, Sovanda, Thompson, Maureen, Torresyap, Gay, Socransky, Sigmund S.·2000·Journal of Clinical Periodontology

DOI 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027009637.x

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Background, aims: The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the effect of weekly professionally administered supragingival plaque removal on the composition of the supra and subgingival microbiota. Methods: 18 adult subjects with periodontitis who had been treated and were in a maintenance phase of therapy were clinically and microbiologically monitored at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months. After the baseline visit, the subjects received scaling and root planing followed by professional supragingival plaque removal every week for 3 months. Clinical measures of plaque accumulation, bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival redness, suppuration, pocket depth and attachment level were made at 6 sites per tooth at each visit. Separate supra (N=1804) and subgingival (N=1804) plaque samples were taken from the mesial aspect of all teeth excluding third molars in each subject at each time point and evaluated for their content of 40 bacterial taxa using checkerboard DNA‐DNA hybridization. Significance of changes in mean counts, prevalence and proportions of bacterial species over time in both supra and subgingival samples were determined using the Quade test and adjusted for multiple comparisons. Results: Mean % of sites exhibiting plaque, gingival redness and BOP were significantly reduced during the course of the study. Significant decreases in mean counts were observed in both supra and subgingival samples. Mean total DNA probe counts (×10 5, ±SEM) at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months were: 133±19, 95±25, 66±6, 41±6 (p<0.001) for supragingival samples and 105±22, 40±10, 19±4, 13±3 (p<0.001) for subgingival samples. Mean counts of 22 of 40 and 34 of 40 species tested were significantly reduced in the supra and subgingival samples respectively over the monitoring period. For example, mean counts of Porphyromonas gingivalis×10 5 at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months in the subgingival plaque samples were 2.0±0.4, 0.5±0.2, 0.6±0.3, 0.3±0.1 (p<0.001); Bacteroides forsythus 2.0±0.6, 0.4±0.1, 0.4±0.2, 0.1±0.2 (p<0.001); Treponema denticola 3.4±1.1, 0.8±0.3, 0.4±0.2, 0.3±0.3 (p<0.01). Similar reductions were seen in supragingival plaque samples. While counts were markedly reduced by professional plaque removal, the proportion and prevalence of the 40 test species were marginally affected. Conclusions: Weekly professional supragingival plaque removal profoundly diminished counts of both supra‐ and subgingival species creating a microbial profile comparable to that observed in periodontal health. This profile was maintained at the final monitoring visit, 9 months after completion of therapy.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027009637.x

Cites

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

In periodontitis patients, weekly professional supragingival plaque removal significantly diminished counts of both supragingival and subgingival species, creating a microbial profile comparable with that observed in periodontal health.
“although it has been shown in periodontitis patients that weekly professional supragingival plaque removal significantly diminished counts of both supragingival and subgingival species creating a microbial profile comparable with that observed in periodontal health.112”
From Contemporary practices for mechanical oral hygiene to prevent periodontal disease. (2020) · cites this paper as [112]
The Abstract and Microbiological findings (page numbers unavailable) report significant reductions in species counts in both supragingival and subgingival samples. The Discussion describes a state resembling health only as conceivable, not as a demonstrated comparison with healthy patients. The Abstract also notes that scaling and root planing preceded the weekly plaque removal, so the claim overattributes the observed change to plaque removal alone. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

The publisher hasn’t deposited this paper’s reference list.

Research works printed but not linked: 35

Al-Yahfoufi, Z., Mombelli, A., Wicki, A. & Lang, N. P. (1995) The effect of plaque control in subjects with shallow pockets and high prevalence of periodontal patho- gens. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 22, 78-84.
Axelsson, P. & Lindhe, J. (1974) The effect of a preventive programme on dental plaque, gingivitis and caries in schoolchildren. Re- sults after one and two years. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 1, 126-138.
Axelsson, P. & Lindhe, J. (1981) The signifi- cance of maintenance care in the treatment of periodontal disease. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 8, 281-294.
Beltrami, M., Bickel, M. & Baehni, P. C. (1987) The effect of supragingival plaque control on the composition of the subgin- gival microflora in human periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 14, 161- 164.
Conover, W. J. (1980) Practical nonpara- metric statistics, 2nd edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp 295-299.
Dahlen, G., Lindhe, J., Sato, K., Hanamura, H. & Okamoto, H. (1992) The effect of supragingival plaque control on the sub- gingival microbiota in subjects with peri- odontal disease. Journal of Clinical Peri- odontology 19, 802-809.
Daly, C. G. & Highfield, J. E. (1996) Effect of localized experimental gingivitis on early supragingival plaque accumulation. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 23, 160-164.
De Sanctis, M., Zuchelli, G. & Clauser, C. (1996a) Bacterial colonization of barrier material and periodontal regeneration. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 23, 1039-1046.
De Sanctis, M., Zuchelli, G. & Clauser, C. (1996b) Bacterial colonization of bioab- sorbable material and periodontal re- generation. Journal of Periodontology 67, 1193-1200.
Haffajee, A. D., Socransky, S. S. & Goodson, J. M. (1983) Comparison of different data analyses for detecting changes in attach- ment level. Journal of Clinical Periodonto- logy 10, 298-310.
Hellstrom, M.-K., Ramberg, P., Krok, L. & Lindhe, J. (1996) The effect of supragin- gival plaque control on the subgingival mi- croflora in human periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 23, 934-940.
Katsanoulas, T., Renee, I. & Attstrom, R. (1992) The effect of supragingival plaque control on the composition of the sub- gingival flora in periodontal pockets. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 19, 760-765.
Kho, P., Smales, F. C. & Hardie, J. M. (1985) The effect of supragingival plaque control on the subgingival microflora. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 12, 676-686.
Kornman, K. S., Newman, M. G., Moore, D. J. & Singer, R. E. (1994) The influence of supragingival plaque control on clinical and microbial outcomes following the use of antibiotics in the treatment of peri- odontitis. Journal of Periodontology 65, 848-854.
Lavanchy, D. L., Bickel, M. & Baehni, P. C. (1987) The effect of plaque control after scaling and root planing on the subgingi- val microflora in human periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 14, 295- 299.
Lindhe, J. & Nyman, S. (1975) The effect of plaque control and surgical pocket elimin- ation on the establishment and mainten- ance of periodontal health. A longitudinal study of periodontal therapy in cases of advanced disease. Journal of Clinical Peri- odontology 2, 67-79.
Lindhe, J., Westfelt, E., Nyman, S., Socran- sky, S. S. & Haffajee, A. D. (1984) Long- term effect of surgical/non surgical treat- ment of periodontal disease. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 11, 448-458.
Lindhe, J., Westfelt, E., Nyman, S., Socran- sky, S. S., Heijl, L. & Bratthall, G. (1982) Healing following surgical/non surgical treatment of periodontal disease. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 9, 115-128.
Lo ¨e, H., Theilade, E. & Jensen, S. B. (1965) Experimental gingivitis in man. Journal of Periodontology 36, 177-187.
Magnusson, I., Lindhe, J., Yoneyama, T. & Liljenberg, B. (1984) Recolonization of a subgingival microbiota following scaling in deep pockets. Journal of Clinical Period- ontology 11, 193-207.
McNabb, H., Mombelli, A. & Lang, N. P. (1992) Supragingival cleaning 3 times a week. The microbiological effects in mod- erately deep pockets. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 19, 348-356.
Muller, H.-P., Hartmann, J. & Flores-de-Ja- coby, L. (1986) Clinical alterations in re- lation to the morphological composition of the subgingival microflora following scaling and root planing. Journal of Clin- ical Periodontology 13, 825-832.
Nyman, S., Rosling, B. & Lindhe, J. (1975) Effect of professional tooth cleaning on healing after periodontal surgery. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2, 80-86.
Ramberg, P., Furuichi, Y., Volpe, A. R,, Gaf- far, A. & Lindhe, J. (1996) The effects of antimicrobial mouthrinses on de novo plaque formation at sites with healthy and inflamed gingivae. Journal of Clinical Peri- odontology 23, 7-11.
Rosling, B., Nyman, S. & Lindhe, J. (1976a) The effect of systematic plaque control on bone regeneration in infrabony pockets. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 3, 38- 53.
Rosling, B., Nyman, S., Lindhe, J. & Jern, B. (1976b) The healing potential of the peri- odontal tissues following different tech- niques of periodontal surgery in plaque- free dentitions. A 2-year clinical study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 3, 233- 250.
Smulow, J., Turesky, S. S. & Hill, R. G. (1983) The effect of supragingival plaque removal on anaerobic bacteria in deep periodontal pockets. Journal of American Dental As- sociation 107, 737-742.
Socransky, S. S., Haffajee, A. D., Smith, C. & Dibart, S. (1991) Relation of counts of mi- crobial species to clinical status at the sampled site. Journal of Clinical Periodon- tology 18, 766-775.
Socransky, S. S., Haffajee, A. D., Cugini, M. A., Smith, C. & Kent, Jr. R. L. (1998) Mi- crobial complexes in subgingival plaque. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 25, 134- 144.
Tabita, P. V., Bissada, N. F. & Mayberry, J. E. (1981) Effectiveness of supragingival plaque control on the development of sub- gingival plaque and gingival inflammation in patients with moderate pocket depth. Journal of Periodontology 52, 88-93.
Westfelt, E., Bragd, L., Socransky, S. S., Haf- fajee, A. D., Nyman, S. & Lindhe, J. (1985) Improved periodontal conditions follow- ing therapy. Journal of Clinical Periodonto- logy 12, 283-293.
Westfelt, E., Nyman, S., Lindhe, J. & Socran- sky, S. (1983) Use of chlorhexidine as a plaque control measure following surgical treatment of periodontal disease. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 10, 22-36.
Westfelt, E., Rylander, H., Dahlen, G. & Lindhe, J. (1998) The effect of supragin- gival plaque control on the progression of advanced periodontal disease. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 25, 2536-2541.
Xime ´nez-Fyvie, L. A., Haffajee, A. D. & Soc- ransky, S. S. (2000a) Microbial compo- sition of supra and subgingival plaque in subjects with adult periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 27, in press.
Xime ´nez-Fyvie, L. A., Haffajee, A. D. & Soc- ransky, S. S. (2000b) Comparison of the microbiota of supra-and subgingival plaque in health and periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 27, 648-657.

Sorted by citations

Treatment of stage I–III periodontitis—The EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline
Sanz, M., Herrera, D., Kebschull, M., Chapple, I., Jepsen, S., Berglundh, T., Sculean, A., Tonetti, M. S., & Consultants, E. W. P. A. M. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/jcpe.13290 · Cited by 1,934 · see citing works
“In addition, supragingival debridement may induce beneficial changes in the subgingival microbiota (Ximénez-Fyvie et al., 2000).”
Background
Dental biofilms: difficult therapeutic targets
SOCRANSKY, S. S., & HAFFAJEE, A. D. (2002) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0757.2002.280102.x · Cited by 1,273 · see citing works
Self-citation
Microbial shift and periodontitis
Berezow, A. B., & Darveau, R. P. (2010) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2010.00350.x · Cited by 400 · see citing works
“Another study showed that following scaling and root planing and weekly supragingival plaque removal for three months, the microbial profile of the treated patients was similar to those of periodontally healthy people (77).”
Result
Composition of supra‐ and subgingival biofilm of subjects with healthy and diseased implants
Shibli, J. A., de Melo, L., Ferrari, D., Figueiredo, L. C., Faveri, M., & Feres, M. (2008) · Clinical Oral Implants Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01566.x · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Use of checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization to study complex microbial ecosystems
Socransky, S. S., Haffajee, A. D., Smith, C., Martin, L., Haffajee, J. A., Uzel, N. G., & Goodson, J. M. (2004) · Oral Microbiology and Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1399-302x.2004.00168.x · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Self-citation
Microbiological goals of periodontal therapy
Teles, R. P., Haffajee, A. D., & Socransky, S. S. (2006) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2006.00192.x · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Self-citation
Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal diseases and dental caries
Worthington, H. V., MacDonald, L. C., Peričić, T. P., Sambunjak, D., Johnson, T. M., Imai, P., & Clarkson, J. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012018.pub2 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Microbial complexes in supragingival plaque
Haffajee, A. D., Socransky, S. S., Patel, M., & Song, X. (2008) · Oral Microbiology and Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1399-302x.2007.00411.x · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Self-citation
Manual versus powered toothbrushing for oral health
Heanue, M., Deacon, S. A., Deery, C., Robinson, P. G., Walmsley, A. D., Worthington, H. V., & Shaw, W. C. (2003) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002281 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Antimicrobial effects of mechanical debridement
PETERSILKA, G. J., EHMKE, B., & FLEMMIG, T. F. (2002) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0757.2002.280103.x · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Do probiotics offer opportunities to manipulate the periodontal oral microbiota?
Teughels, W., Loozen, G., & Quirynen, M. (2011) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2010.01665.x · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Phototargeting Oral Black-Pigmented Bacteria
Soukos, N. S., Som, S., Abernethy, A. D., Ruggiero, K., Dunham, J., Lee, C., Doukas, A. G., & Goodson, J. M. (2005) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.49.4.1391-1396.2005 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Self-citation
Development and evaluation of novel biodegradable microspheres based on poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) and poly(ε-caprolactone) for controlled delivery of doxycycline in the treatment of human periodontal pocket: In vitro and in vivo studies
Mundargi, R. C., Sridharan, S., Agnihotri, S. A., Patil, S. A., Ravindra, S., Setty, S. B., & Aminabhavi, T. M. (2007) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.01.008 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Manual versus powered toothbrushing for oral health
Robinson, P. G., Deacon, S. A., Deery, C., Heanue, M., Walmsley, A. D., Worthington, H. V., Glenny, A., & Shaw, B. C. (2005) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002281.pub2 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Contemporary practices for mechanical oral hygiene to prevent periodontal disease.
Sälzer, S., Graetz, C., Dörfer, C. E., Slot, D. E., & Van der Weijden, F. A. (2020) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/prd.12332 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Probiotics and oral healthcare
Teughels, W., Essche, M. V., Sliepen, I., & Quirynen, M. (2008) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2008.00254.x · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Subgingival Microbiota of Brazilian Subjects With Untreated Chronic Periodontitis
Colombo, A. P. V., Teles, R. P., de Barros, M. C. M., do Souto, R. M., Rosalém, W., Mendes, M. C. S., & de Uzeda, M. (2002) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.2002.73.4.360 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the microbiota
Umeda, M., Takeuchi, Y., Noguchi, K., Huang, Y., Koshy, G., & Ishikawa, I. (2004) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2004.03675.x · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Low‐cost periodontal therapy
Slots, J. (2012) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2011.00429.x · Cited by 125 · see citing works
A spatial gradient of bacterial diversity in the human oral cavity shaped by salivary flow
Proctor, D. M., Fukuyama, J. A., Loomer, P. M., Armitage, G. C., Lee, S. A., Davis, N. M., Ryder, M. I., Holmes, S. P., & Relman, D. A. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-02900-1 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Microbiological findings after periodontal therapy using curettes, Er:YAG laser, sonic, and ultrasonic scalers
Derdilopoulou, F. V., Nonhoff, J., Neumann, K., & Kielbassa, A. M. (2007) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2007.01093.x · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Benefit of “one‐stage full‐mouth disinfection” is explained by disinfection and root planing within 24 hours: a randomized controlled trial
Quirynen, M., Soete, M. D., Boschmans, G., Pauwels, M., Coucke, W., Teughels, W., & van Steenberghe, D. (2006) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2006.00959.x · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Association of Eubacterium nodatum and Treponema denticola with human periodontitis lesions
Haffajee, A. D., Teles, R. P., & Socransky, S. S. (2006) · Oral Microbiology and Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1399-302x.2006.00287.x · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citation
Prevention and control of periodontal diseases in developing and industrialized nations
Axelsson, P., Albandar, J. M., & Rams, T. E. (2002) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0757.2002.290112.x · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis HN019 presents antimicrobial potential against periodontopathogens and modulates the immunological response of oral mucosa in periodontitis patients
Invernici, M. D. M., Furlaneto, F. A. C., Salvador, S. L. D. S., Ouwehand, A. C., Salminen, S., Mantziari, A., Vinderola, G., Ervolino, E., Santana, S. I., Silva, P. H. F., et al. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0238425 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Clinical characteristics and microbiota of progressing slight chronic periodontitis in adults
Tanner, A. C. R., Kent, R., Kanasi, E., Lu, S. C., Paster, B. J., Sonis, S. T., Murray, L. A., & Dyke, T. E. V. (2007) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2007.01126.x · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Microbial biogeography and ecology of the mouth and implications for periodontal diseases
Proctor, D. M., Shelef, K. M., González, A., Long, C. D., Dethlefsen, L., Burns, A. R., Loomer, P. M., Armitage, G. C., Ryder, M. I., Millman, M. E., et al. (2019) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/prd.12268 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
BSP implementation of European S3 - level evidence-based treatment guidelines for stage I-III periodontitis in UK clinical practice
West, N. X., Chapple, I., Claydon, N., D’Aiuto, F., Donos, N., Ide, M., Needleman, I. G., & Kebschull, M. (2021) · Journal of Dentistry · doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103562 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
“In addition, supragingival debridement may induce beneficial changes in the subgingival microbiota [86].”
Background
Nonsurgical Mechanical Treatment Strategies for Periodontal Disease
Apatzidou, D. A., & Kinane, D. F. (2010) · Dental Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.cden.2009.08.006 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Scaling and root planing, systemic metronidazole and professional plaque removal in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in a Brazilian population
Carvalho, L. H., D'Avila, G. B., Leão, A. T. T., Haffajee, A. D., Socransky, S. S., & Feres, M. (2004) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2004.00605.x · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citation
A 0.05% cetyl pyridinium chloride/0.05% chlorhexidine mouth rinse during maintenance phase after initial periodontal therapy
Quirynen, M., Soers, C., Desnyder, M., Dekeyser, C., Pauwels, M., & van Steenberghe, D. (2005) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2005.00685.x · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Prevalence and risk indicators for destructive periodontal diseases in 3 urban American minority populations
Craig, R. G., Boylan, R. J., Yip, J., Bamgboye, P., Koutsoukos, J., Mijares, D. Q., Ferrer, J., Imam, M., Socransky, S. S., & Haffajee, A. D. (2001) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028006524.x · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citation
Clinical and microbiological benefits of strict supragingival plaque control as part of the active phase of periodontal therapy
Feres, M., Gursky, L. C., Faveri, M., Ota‐Tsuzuki, C., & Figueiredo, L. C. (2009) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2009.01471.x · Cited by 80 · see citing works
“…PPC or CHX rinsing are implemented for 2 months to 2 years after surgical (Nyman et al. 1975, Rosling et al. 1976, Westfelt et al. 1983) or non-surgical (Magnusson et al. 1984, Ximénez-Fyvie et al. 2000a, Carvalho et al. 2004, Haffajee et al. 2003, Faveri et al. 2006a) periodontal treatments.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
Efficacy of Ultrasonic, Electric and Manual Toothbrushes in Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances
Costa, M. R., Silva, V. C., Miqui, M. N., Sakima, T., Spolidório, D. M. P., & Cirelli, J. A. (2007) · The Angle Orthodontist · doi:10.2319/0003-3219(2007)077[0361:eoueam]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Effect of a controlled‐release chlorhexidine chip on clinical and microbiological parameters of periodontal syndrome
Grisi, D. C., Salvador, S. L. D. S., Figueiredo, L. C., de Souza, S. L. S., Novaes, A. B., & Grisi, M. F. M. (2002) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2002.291001.x · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Bacterial colonization during de novo plaque formation
Ramberg, P., Sekino, S., Uzel, N. G., Socransky, S. S., & Lindhe, J. (2003) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2003.00419.x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citation
Scaling and root planing and chlorhexidine mouthrinses in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Faveri, M., Gursky, L. C., Feres, M., Shibli, J. A., Salvador, S. L. D. S., & Figueiredo, L. C. (2006) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2006.00994.x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Efficacy of manual and powered toothbrushes (II). Effect on microbiological parameters
Haffajee, A. D., Smith, C. M., Torresyap, G., et al. (2001) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028010947.x · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citation
Oral Dysbiosis in Severe Forms of Periodontitis Is Associated With Gut Dysbiosis and Correlated With Salivary Inflammatory Mediators: A Preliminary Study
Kawamoto, D., Borges, R., Ribeiro, R. A., de Souza, R. F., Amado, P. P. P., Saraiva, L. M., Horliana, A. C. R. T., Faveri, M., & Mayer, M. P. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Oral Health · doi:10.3389/froh.2021.722495 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“Early studies using target microbial techniques indicated that the supragingival biofilm can be a source of pathobionts [55, 56], whose growth would possibly be supported by inflammatory conditions in the nearby gingival tissues [57].”
Background
Clinical and microbiological changes associated with the use of combined antimicrobial therapies to treat “refractory” periodontitis
Haffajee, A. D., Uzel, N. G., Arguello, E., Torresyap, G., Guerrero, D., & Socransky, S. S. (2004) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2004.00573.x · Cited by 63 · see citing works
“…1992, Pavicic et al. 1994, Winkel et al. 1997, 1998, Berglundh et al. 1998, Lopez & Gamonal 1998), locally delivered tetracycline (Kerry 1994, Vandekerckhove et al. 1997) and repeated professional supragingival plaque removal (McNabb et al. 1992, Magnusson et al. 1994, Ximenez-Fyvie et al. 2000).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Efficacy of manual and powered toothbrushes (I). Effect on clinical parameters
Haffajee, A. D., Thompson, M. C., Torresyap, G., Guerrero, D., & Socransky, S. S. (2001) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028010937.x · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citation
Controlling the plaque biofilm
Haffajee, A. D., Arguello, E., Ximenez‐Fyvie, L., & Socransky, S. S. (2003) · International Dental Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1875-595x.2003.tb00770.x · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citation
The effect of a triclosan‐containing dentifrice on the progression of periodontal disease in an adult population
Cullinan, M. P., Westerman, B., Hamlet, S. M., et al. (2003) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2003.20030.x · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Quadrant root planing versus same‐day full‐mouth root planing
Apatzidou, D. A., Riggio, M. P., & Kinane, D. F. (2004) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.0303-6979.2004.00462.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Periodontal effects of 0.25% sodium hypochlorite twice‐weekly oral rinse. A pilot study
Galván, M., González, S. E., Cohen, C. L., Alonaizan, F. A., Chen, C. T., Rich, S. K., & Slots, J. (2013) · Journal of Periodontal Research · doi:10.1111/jre.12151 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Repeated delivery of chlorhexidine chips for the treatment of peri‐implantitis: A multicenter, randomized, comparative clinical trial
Machtei, E. E., Romanos, G. E., Kang, P., Travan, S., Schmidt, S., Papathanasiou, E., Tatarakis, N., Tandlich, M., Liberman, L. H., Horwitz, J., et al. (2020) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1002/jper.20-0353 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“patients recruited (8-47) and implants treated (8-65).”
Mouthwashes for the control of supragingival biofilm and gingivitis in orthodontic patients: evidence-based recommendations for clinicians
Haas, A. N., Pannuti, C. M., de Andrade, A. K. P., ESCOBAR, E. C., de Almeida, E. R., Costa, F. O., Cortelli, J. R., Cortelli, S. C., Rode, S. D. M., Pedrazzi, V., et al. (2014) · Brazilian Oral Research · doi:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2014.vol28.0021 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
The Effect of a Supragingival Plaque‐Control Regimen on the Subgingival Microbiota in Smokers and Never‐Smokers: Evaluation by Real‐Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Gomes, S. C., Nonnenmacher, C., Susin, C., Oppermann, R. V., Mutters, R., & Marcantonio, R. A. C. (2008) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.2008.070558 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Periodontal concerns associated with the orthodontic treatment of impacted teeth
Frank, C. A., & Long, M. (2002) · American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics · doi:10.1067/mod.2002.122396 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Scaling and root planing, systemic metronidazole and professional plaque removal in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in a Brazilian population II – microbiological results
Carvalho, L. H., D'Avila, G. B., Leão, A. T. T., et al. (2005) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2005.00720.x · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citation
Gingival bleeding on probing: relationship to change in periodontal pocket depth and effect of sodium hypochlorite oral rinse
González, S. E., Cohen, C. L., Galván, M., Alonaizan, F. A., Rich, S. K., & Slots, J. (2014) · Journal of Periodontal Research · doi:10.1111/jre.12219 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Supportive periodontal care: the effect of periodic subgingival debridement compared with supragingival prophylaxis with respect to clinical outcomes
Heasman, P. A., McCracken, G., & Steen, N. D. (2002) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.29.s3.9.x · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Adjunctive effect of chlorhexidine in ultrasonic instrumentation of aggressive periodontitis patients: a pilot study
Guarnelli, M. E., Franceschetti, G., Manfrini, R., et al. (2008) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2008.01199.x · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Comparative evaluation of honey, chlorhexidine gluconate (0.2%) and combination of xylitol and chlorhexidine mouthwash (0.2%) on the clinical level of dental plaque: A 30 days randomized control trial
Jain, A., Bhaskar, D., Gupta, D., Agali, C., Gupta, V., Gupta, R., Yadav, P., Lavate, A., & Chaturvedi, M. (2015) · Perspectives in Clinical Research · doi:10.4103/2229-3485.148819 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“The use of mechanical agents is a simple and cost-effective method that has been demonstrated to be efficient in the control of gingivitis.[1-3] High percentage of individuals all over world do not practice an acceptable standard of mechanical plaque removal due to lack of dexterity in performing oral hygiene methods.”
Effectiveness of a diode laser in addition to non-surgical periodontal therapy: study of intervention
Crispino, A. (2015) · Annali di stomatologia · doi:10.11138/ads/2015.6.1.015 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“In particular, it assists to: • reduction in probing depth (PD), due to recolla- genation of the supracrestal fibers, obviously in function variable depending on the depth of initial probing (19,20); • reduction in gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing, due to the reduction of the inflammatory infiltrate; • redu…”
Background
Blue LED inhibits the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis by suppressing the expression of genes associated with DNA replication and cell division
Chui, C., Hiratsuka, K., Aoki, A., Takeuchi, Y., Abiko, Y., & Izumi, Y. (2012) · Lasers in Surgery and Medicine · doi:10.1002/lsm.22090 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“Porphromonas gingivalis is a black-pigmented, Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, which is thought to be an important etiological agent in adult periodontal disease [4–6] and it possesses many virulence factors, such as fimbriae, proteases, hemagglutinins, and capsular polysaccharide, that allow this organism to cause…”
Background
Association of T CD4 lymphocyte levels and subgingival microbiota of chronic periodontitis in HIV-infected Brazilians under HAART
Gonçalves, L. S., Ferreira, S. M. S., Silva, A., et al. (2004) · Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology · doi:10.1016/j.tripleo.2003.08.023 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Daily biofilm control and oral health: consensus on the epidemiological challenge - Latin American Advisory Panel
Rode, S. D. M., Gimenéz, X., Montoya, V. E. C., Gómez, M., de Blanc, S. A. L., Medina, M. V., Salinas, E., Pedroza, J., Zaldivar-Chiapa, R. M., Pannuti, C. M., et al. (2012) · Brazilian Oral Research · doi:10.1590/s1806-83242012000700020 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Efficacy of photodynamic therapy vs ultrasonic scaler for preventing gingival inflammation and white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment
Gómez, C., Abellán, R., & Palma, J. C. (2018) · Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.11.001 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Impact of antiseptics on one‐stage, full‐mouth disinfection
Quirynen, M., Teughels, W., & van Steenberghe, D. (2005) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2005.00868.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Doxycycline hydrochloride-metronidazole solid lipid microparticles gels for treatment of periodontitis: development, in-vitro and in-vivo clinical evaluation
Gad, H. A., Kamel, A. O., Ezzatt, O. M., et al. (2017) · Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery · doi:10.1080/17425247.2017.1329297 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“The removal of supragingival plaque is accompanied by decreasing the accumulation of subgingival plaque and the inflammation in the local gingival tissues, with a subsequent reduction in gingival crevicular fluid flow and thus, a decrease in plaque regrowth [34].”
Background
Effect of baking soda in dentifrices on plaque removal
Myneni, S. R. (2017) · The Journal of the American Dental Association · doi:10.1016/j.adaj.2017.09.004 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Modern Approaches to Non-Surgical Biofilm Management
Apatzidou, D. A. (2011) · Frontiers of oral physiology/Frontiers of oral biology · doi:10.1159/000329674 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Microbiological basis for periodontal therapy
Feres, M., Cortelli, S. C., Figueiredo, L. C., Haffajee, A. D., & Socransky, S. S. (2004) · Journal of Applied Oral Science · doi:10.1590/s1678-77572004000400002 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Reproducibility of Curet Sampling of Subgingival Biofilms
Teles, F., Haffajee, A. D., & Socransky, S. S. (2008) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.2008.070424 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citation
The effect of apically repositioned flap surgery on clinical parameters and the composition of the subgingival microbiota: 12-month data.
Levy, R. M., Giannobile, W. V., Feres, M., Haffajee, A. D., Smith, C., & Socransky, S. S. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citation
Adjunctive azithromycin in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis: Microbiological findings of a 12-month randomized clinical trial
Haas, A. N., Silva‐Boghossian, C. M., Colombo, A. P. V., et al. (2012) · Journal of Dentistry · doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2012.03.004 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Evaluation of the plaque removal efficacy of a water flosser compared to string floss in adults after a single use.
Goyal, C. R., Lyle, D. M., Qaqish, J. G., & Schuller, R. (2013) · PubMed · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Microbiologic Observations After Four Treatment Strategies Among Patients With Periodontitis Maintaining a High Standard of Oral Hygiene: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Preus, H. R., Dahlén, G., Gjermo, P. E., & Bælum, V. (2015) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.2015.140620 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Periodontal disease and Helicobacter pylori infection in oral cavity: a meta-analysis of 2727 participants mainly based on Asian studies
Liu, Y., Li, R., Xue, X., et al. (2020) · Clinical Oral Investigations · doi:10.1007/s00784-020-03330-4 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
One‐Stage Full‐Mouth Disinfection as a Therapeutic Approach for Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis
Aimetti, M., Romano, F., Guzzi, N., et al. (2010) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.2010.100468 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Relationship of periodontal clinical parameters with bacterial composition in human dental plaque
Fujinaka, H., Takeshita, T., Sato, H., et al. (2013) · Archives of Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s00203-013-0883-9 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
A three‐year prospective study of adult subjects with gingivitis II: microbiological parameters
Teles, R. P., Bogren, A., Patel, M., Wennström, J. L., Socransky, S. S., & Haffajee, A. D. (2006) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2006.01015.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citation
The ability of the BANA test to detect different levels of P. gingivalis, T. denticola and T. forsythia
de Andrade, J. A., Feres, M., Figueiredo, L. C., et al. (2010) · Brazilian Oral Research · doi:10.1590/s1806-83242010000200016 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Detection and quantification of herpesviruses in Kostmann syndrome periodontitis using real‐time polymerase chain reaction: a case report
Yıldırım, S., Yapar, M., & Kubar, A. (2006) · Oral Microbiology and Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1399-302x.2006.00250.x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Oral Health Impacts on Daily Living Related to Four Different Treatment Protocols for Chronic Periodontitis
D'Avila, G. B., Carvalho, L. H., Feres‐Filho, E. J., et al. (2005) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.2005.76.10.1751 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Rheumatoid arthritis patients' oral health and disease activity
Radwan‐Oczko, M., Duś‐Ilnicka, I., Richards, P., Thomsen, A. M., & Rasmussen, C. (2019) · International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1111/1756-185x.13590 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Machine learning‐assisted prediction of clinical responses to periodontal treatment
Fehér, B., OLIVEIRA, E. H. D. S., Duarte, P. M., Werdich, A. A., Giannobile, W. V., & Feres, M. (2025) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1002/jper.24-0737 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“For external testing, we collected raw data from 2 previous RCTs in North America and Europe 43–45 (See Table S1 in online Journal of Periodontology ).”
Effectiveness of a controlled release chlorhexidine chip (PerioCol TM ‑CG) as an adjunctive to scaling and root planing when compared to scaling and root planing alone in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A comparative study
Kondreddy, K., Ambalavanan, N., Ramakrishna, T., et al. (2012) · Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology · doi:10.4103/0972-124x.106909 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“In Group A, the mean reduction in the Plaque index score was in accordance to studies done by Mc Nabb et al ., [7] Dahlen et al ., [8] and Ximmenez-Fyvie et al. [9] who demonstrated that repeated professional supragingival plaque control reduced both supra and sub-gingival plaque.”
Professional tooth cleaning prior to non‐surgical periodontal therapy: A randomized clinical trial
Jentsch, H. F. R., Heusinger, T., Weickert, A., & Eick, S. (2019) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1002/jper.19-0023 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Microbiological changes associated with dental prophylaxis
Goodson, J. M., Palys, M. D., Carpino, E. A., et al. (2004) · The Journal of the American Dental Association · doi:10.14219/jada.archive.2004.0082 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citation
Comparison of two power interdental cleaning devices on plaque removal.
Sharma, N., Lyle, D. M., Qaqish, J. G., et al. (2012) · PubMed · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Antibody Response to Actinomyces Antigen and Dental Caries Experience: Implications for Caries Susceptibility
Levine, M., Owen, W. L., & Avery, K. T. (2005) · Clinical and Vaccine Immunology · doi:10.1128/cdli.12.6.764-769.2005 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Actinomyces naeslundii is prominent in subjects practicing exceptionally effective oral hygiene (16, 45).”
Background
The effect of supragingival biofilm re-development on the subgingival microbiota in chronic periodontitis
Hartenbach, F. A. R. R., Silva‐Boghossian, C. M., & Colombo, A. P. V. (2017) · Archives of Oral Biology · doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.10.007 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Antibody‐based diagnostic for ‘refractory’ periodontitis
Levine, M., LaPolla, S., Owen, W. L., et al. (2002) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2002.291009.x · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“N IH -PA Author M anuscript N IH -PA Author M anuscript N IH -PA Author M anuscript professionally removing supragingival plaque weekly as a maintenance therapy did not reduce the mean BOP prevalence of periodontitis patients to below 20% (Ximenez-Fyvie et al. 2000).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citation
Treatment of chronic periodontitis with systemic antibiotics only
Feres‐Filho, E. J., Silva‐Boghossian, C. M., Giovannetti‐Menezes, N., et al. (2006) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2006.01018.x · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Powered tooth brushes are beneficial for long‐term oral health: Results from the Study of Health in Pomerania ( <scp>SHIP‐TREND</scp> )
Sager, P., Kocher, T., Pitchika, V., Samietz, S., Völzke, H., Walter, C., & Holtfreter, B. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/jcpe.13763 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Risk of Porphyromonas gingivalis Recolonization During the Early Period of Periodontal Maintenance in Initially Severe Periodontitis Sites
Fujise, O., 三浦, 真., Hamachi, T., et al. (2006) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.2006.050225 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Bacteriology of Periodontal Diseases
Könönen, E., & Kumar, P. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397169-2.00053-6 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Comparative Efficacy of a Soft Toothbrush with Tapered-tip Bristles and an ADA Reference Toothbrush on Established Gingivitis and Supragingival Plaque over a 12-Week Period.
Gallob, J. T., Petrone, D., Mateo, L. R., et al. (2016) · PubMed · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Detection of Tannerella forsythia and/or Prevotella intermedia Might Be Useful for Microbial Predictive Markers for the Outcome of Initial Periodontal Treatment in Koreans
Kook, J., Sakamoto, T., Nishi, K., et al. (2005) · Microbiology and Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2005.tb03634.x · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Effect of supragingival plaque control on recurrent periodontitis and clinical stability among individuals under periodontal maintenance therapy: 10‐year follow‐up
Costa, F. O., Costa, A. M., Cortelli, J. R., Cortelli, S. C., Costa, A. A., Lima, R. P. E., Pereira, G. H. M., Oliveira, A. M. S. D., Oliveira, P. A. D., & Cota, L. O. M. (2022) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1002/jper.22-0301 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The antibacterial effect of the combined Er,Cr:YSGG and 940 nm diode laser therapy in treatment of periodontitis: a pilot study
Ciurescu, C. E., Vanweersch, L., Franzen, R., & Gutknecht, N. (2018) · Lasers in Dental Science · doi:10.1007/s41547-017-0018-8 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Research offers moderate to poor longterm results in terms of the local use of antibiotics and antiseptics in the treatment of periodontitis [21, 22].”
Background
Subgingival microbial profiles as diagnostic markers of destructive periodontal diseases: A clinical epidemiology study
Corraini, P., Bælum, V., Pannuti, C. M., Romito, G. A., Aquino, D. R., Cortelli, S. C., Cortelli, J. R., & Pustiglioni, F. E. (2012) · Acta Odontologica Scandinavica · doi:10.3109/00016357.2012.680901 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Epidemiological studies of isolated populations permit the investigation of the periodontal microbial profile from an undisturbed perspective, since the absence of supra- and subgingival therapeutic interventions and the limited tradition for oral hygiene procedures provide an opportunity to assess the established sub…”
Background
Evaluation of the effects of 0.05% sodium hypochlorite and 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate twice daily rinse on periodontal parameters and gingival crevicular fluid HSV1 and CMV levels in patients with chronic periodontitis: a multicentric study
Singh, S., Sharma, P., & Kumar, M. (2020) · Medical Journal Armed Forces India · doi:10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.08.002 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Microbiological and Clinical Effects of a Proanthocyanidin-enriched Extract from Rumex acetosa in Periodontally Healthy Carriers of Porphyromonas gingivalis: a Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Selbach, S., Klocke, A., Peters, U., et al. (2021) · Planta Medica · doi:10.1055/a-1728-2249 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“from supra- and subgingival habitats [5].”
ACE2 gene expression and inflammatory conditions in periodontal microenvironment of COVID-19 patients with and without diabetes evaluated by qPCRPreprint
Bachtiar, B. M., Bachtiar, E. W., Sunarto, H., Soeroso, Y., Sulijaya, B., Theodorea, C. F., Pratomo, I. P., ., Y., Kusumaningrum, A., Efendi, D., et al. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.03.10.22271304 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“…IL-6 is a biomarker in people with periodontal disease [50, 51], whereas complement C3 is a crucial inflammatory element that contributes to the persistence of infection in the microbial community, as its involvement leads to a destructive inflammatory response in periodontal tissue [52, 53].”
Treatment of periodontal diseases: Latin America and the Caribbean Consensus 2024
Fischer, R. G., do Amaral, G. C. L. S., Huamán‐Mendoza, A. A., BUENO, L. R., & Villar, C. C. (2024) · Brazilian Oral Research · doi:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0121 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Lack of adjunctive effect of 0.1% sodium hypochlorite mouthwash combined to full‐mouth ultrasonic debridement on supragingival plaque, gingival inflammation, and subgingival microbiota: A randomized placebo‐controlled 6‐month trial
Espíndola, L. C. P., & Colombo, A. P. V. (2017) · Clinical and Experimental Dental Research · doi:10.1002/cre2.60 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“…deep pockets may have resulted from the antiplaque effect of NaOCl on supragingival plaque accumulation, which in turn would lead to beneficial changes in the composition of the subgingival microbiota (Carvalho et al., 2004; Gonzalez et al., 2015; Haffajee et al., 2006, Ximenez‐Fyvie et al., 2000).”
Background
Incidence and Prevalence of Infectious Diseases and Their Risk Factors among Patients Who Use Visiting Nursing Services in Japan
Noguchi, K., Ochiai, R., Imazu, Y., et al. (2020) · Journal of Community Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/07370016.2020.1780047 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Characteristics of neutrophil extracellular traps in patients with periodontitis and gingivitis
Zhang, F., Yang, X., & Jia, S. (2020) · Brazilian Oral Research · doi:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0015 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Does gingivitis lead to periodontitis in young adults?
Prayitno, S. W., Addy, M., & Wade, W. G. (1993) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)91596-e · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Molecular basis for immunohistochemical and inflammatory changes during progression of gingivitis to periodontitis
Kurgan, S., & Kantarci, A. (2018) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/prd.12146 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Measurement of Periodontal Inflammation Index with Spectroscopy
Dong-mei, M. (2013) · Journal of Oral Science Research
Presence of gingivitis and periodontitis significantly increases hospital charges in patients undergoing heart valve surgery.
Allareddy, V., Elangovan, S., Rampa, S., et al. (2015) · PubMed · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Authors: Ximénez‐Fyvie, L. A., Haffajee, A. D., Som, S., Thompson, M., Torresyap, G., & Socransky, S. S.
Affiliations: The Forsyth Institute (US)
Venue: Journal of Clinical Periodontology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2000-09
Volume: 27
Issue: 9
Pages: 637-647
ISSN: 0303-6979 (ISSN-L)
1600-051X
DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027009637.x
OpenAlex: W2020444158
Cited by: 152
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 8.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 479 d)
Locations: Journal Of Clinical Periodontology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (DE 12108, DE-10977, R01DE012108, P50DE004881, R37DE010977, DE04881)
Topics: Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments
Health Sciences › Dentistry › General Dentistry › Dental Research and COVID-19
Keywords: supragingival plaque, subgingival plaque, periodontitis, periodontal maintenance, scaling and root planing, oral microbiota, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, Porphyromonas endodontalis
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Bacteria, Dental Plaque, Dental Plaque Index, DNA, Bacterial, Female, Gingiva, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Periodontitis, Dental Scaling, Time Factors, Colony Count, Microbial, DNA Probes, Root Planing

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The effect of repeated professional supragingival plaque removal on the composition of the supra‐ and subgingival microbiota

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks