The DOI matches its Crossref record; 62 of the 62 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Human agency in social cognitive theory.
Abstract
The present article examines the nature and function of human agency within the conceptual model of triadic reciprocal causation. In analyzing the operation of human agency in this interactional causal structure, social cognitive theory accords a central role to cognitive, vicarious, self-reflective, and self-regulatory processes. The issues addressed concern the psychological mechanisms through which personal agency is exercised, the hierarchical structure of self-regulatory systems, eschewal of the dichotomous construal of self as agent and self as object, and the properties of a nondualistic but nonreductional conception of human agency. The relation of agent causality to the fundamental issues of freedom and determinism is also analyzed.
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In the citing paper
“we found that higher-and lower-rank employees described adaptive moves directed toward aspects of their work (or home) where they felt they had more efficacy and control.”
From Perceiving and responding to challenges in job crafting at different ranks: When proactivity requires adaptivity (2010) · cites this paper as Bandura, 1989
In the citing paper
“However, knowledge alone does not guarantee innovation.”
From AI teaching innovation behavior among college teachers: a structural equation modeling analysis based on the AI-TPACK framework, teaching self-efficacy, professional identity, and AI literacy (2026) · cites this paper as Bandura, 1989
In the citing paper
“Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) suggests that behavior depends not only on competence but also on self-efficacy beliefs and cognitive appraisal (Bandura, 1989).”
From AI teaching innovation behavior among college teachers: a structural equation modeling analysis based on the AI-TPACK framework, teaching self-efficacy, professional identity, and AI literacy (2026) · cites this paper as Bandura, 1989
In the citing paper
“According to Bandura (1989)’ SCT, when teachers strongly identify with their professional role, they form a positive self-concept, which enhances their confidence in addressing instructional challenges.”
From AI teaching innovation behavior among college teachers: a structural equation modeling analysis based on the AI-TPACK framework, teaching self-efficacy, professional identity, and AI literacy (2026) · cites this paper as Bandura, 1989
In the citing paper
“From the perspective of SCT, such competence may enhance teachers’ perceived control and mastery experiences when engaging with AI-supported instructional environments, thereby strengthening TSE (Bandura, 1989).”
From AI teaching innovation behavior among college teachers: a structural equation modeling analysis based on the AI-TPACK framework, teaching self-efficacy, professional identity, and AI literacy (2026) · cites this paper as Bandura, 1989
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Citations
Cites
“Stress: appraisal and coping,”
Folkman, S. (2013) · Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_215 · Cited by 27,833
Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change
Bandura, A. (1978) · Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0146-6402(78)90002-4 · Cited by 10,586
Self-citationIllusion and well‐being: A social psychological perspective on mental health
Taylor, S. E., & Brown, J. D. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.193 · Cited by 7,814
Social cognitive theory of organizational management
Wood, R., & Bandura, A. (1989) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258173 · Cited by 3,357
Self-citationGoal setting and task performance: 1969–1980.
Locke, E. A., Shaw, K. N., Saari, L. M., & Latham, G. P. (1981) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.90.1.125 · Cited by 2,452
Sex differences in unipolar depression: Evidence and theory.
Nolen–Hoeksema, S. (1987) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.101.2.259 · Cited by 2,001
Cognitive-Behavior Modification: An Integrative Approach
Meichenbaum, D. H. (1977) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,619
Analysis of self-efficacy theory of behavioral change
Bandura, A., & Adams, N. E. (1977) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/bf01663995 · Cited by 1,597
Self-citationImpact of conceptions of ability on self-regulatory mechanisms and complex decision making.
Wood, R. E., & Bandura, A. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.56.3.407 · Cited by 1,555
Self-citationSelf-evaluative and self-efficacy mechanisms governing the motivational effects of goal systems.
Bandura, A., & Cervone, D. (1983) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.45.5.1017 · Cited by 1,511
Self-citation
Cited by
The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1104_01 · Cited by 34,210
Illusion and well‐being: A social psychological perspective on mental health
Taylor, S. E., & Brown, J. D. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.193 · Cited by 7,814
Perceived Behavioral Control, Self‐Efficacy, Locus of Control, and the Theory of Planned Behavior 1
Ajzen, I. (2002) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb00236.x · Cited by 7,629
Social cognitive theory of self-regulation
Bandura, A. (1991) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90022-l · Cited by 6,875
Self-citationFOUNDATION FOR A GENERAL STRAIN THEORY OF CRIME AND DELINQUENCY*
AGNEW, R. (1992) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1992.tb01093.x · Cited by 5,046
Metadata
- Authors
- Bandura, A.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bandura, Albert
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 1989
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1175-1184
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- OpenAlex
- W2153403719
- Cited by
- 8,263
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 356 · 2025: 506 · 2024: 519 · 2023: 528 · 2022: 534 · 2021: 453 · 2020: 631 · 2019: 452 · 2018: 417 · 2017: 347 · 2016: 348 · 2015: 341 · 2014: 330 · 2013: 295 · 2012: 318
- FWCI
- 26.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-5162-25)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Free Will and Agency
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Critical Realism in Sociology
- Keywords
- human agency, social cognitive theory, self-regulation, observational learning, self-reflection, non-dualism, freedom and determinism, cognitive processes
- MeSH terms
- Cognition, Humans, Internal-External Control, Motivation, Social Behavior, Social Environment
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
