The DOI matches its Crossref record; 101 of the 101 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Men, masculinity, and the contexts of help seeking
Abstract
Research on men's help seeking yields strategies for enhancing men's use of mental and physical health resources. Analysis of the assumptions underlying existing theory and research also provides a context for evaluating the psychology of men and masculinity as an evolving area of social scientific inquiry. The authors identify several theoretical and methodological obstacles that limit understanding of the variable ways that men do or do not seek help from mental and physical health care professionals. A contextual framework is developed by exploring how the socialization and social construction of masculinities transact with social psychological processes common to a variety of potential help-seeking contexts. This approach begins to integrate the psychology of men and masculinity with theory and methodology from other disciplines and suggests innovative ways to facilitate adaptive help seeking.
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In the citing paper
“These norms may cause male victims to be reluctant to express fear or sad emotions or call the police even when they have good reasons to do so (Addis & Mahalik, 2003; Hines et al. 2007).”
From Male Victims’ Experiences With and Perceptions of the Criminal Justice Response to Intimate Partner Abuse (2022) · cites this paper as Addis & Mahalik, 2003
In the citing paper
“More generally, similar recommendations have been made in the men’s physical and mental health literature, where stigma surrounding male help-seeking frequently serves as a barrier to accessing appropriate health-related supports [34–36].”
From Men’s grief following pregnancy loss and neonatal loss: a systematic review and emerging theoretical model (2020) · cites this paper as [34]
In the citing paper
“It is evident how norms attached to male resilience, independence and strength [73] may be further enhanced for adult males from ethnic minority backgrounds as evidenced by survivors in this study who still displayed substantial levels of shame and embarrassment around disclosing their childhood and adolescent sexual abuse.”
In the citing paper
“This points out to social perception of masculinity and stigma as one of the pervasive male victim’s barriers to seeking help (first subtheme of Theme 1) (Addis & Mahalik, 2003).”
From Male Victims’ Experiences With and Perceptions of the Criminal Justice Response to Intimate Partner Abuse (2022) · cites this paper as Addis & Mahalik, 2003
In the citing paper
“Compared to women, men are less likely to seek help for mental health difficulties.”
From Improving Mental Health Service Utilization Among Men: A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Behavior Change Techniques Within Interventions Targeting Help-Seeking (2019) · cites this paper as Addis & Mahalik, 2003
In the citing paper
“These self-stigmatizing beliefs further discourage men from seeking help”
From Improving Mental Health Service Utilization Among Men: A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Behavior Change Techniques Within Interventions Targeting Help-Seeking (2019) · cites this paper as Addis & Mahalik, 2003
In the citing paper
“Our findings support the theoretical view that adherence to traditional masculinity norms reduces men's willingness to seek help”
From A systematic review of the factors associated with delays in medical and psychological help-seeking among men (2015) · cites this paper as Addis & Mahalik, 2003
In the citing paper
“because the help-seeking barriers for men and women are different, at least when it comes to beliefs and attitudes about help-seeking, the multitude of studies that investigate gender differences are less useful in unravelling the causes and mechanisms of the barriers”
From A systematic review of the factors associated with delays in medical and psychological help-seeking among men (2015) · cites this paper as Addis and Mahalik (2003)
In the citing paper
“Current research suggests that men may benefit from MBIs less than women, and that men are less likely to engage in and acknowledge the helpfulness of psychotherapies such as MBIs (Addis & Mahalik, 2003; Pattyn et al., 2015; Rojiani et al., 2017).”
From Feasibility and acceptability of mindful recovery opioid use care continuum (M-ROCC): A concurrent mixed methods study (2021) · cites this paper as Addis & Mahalik, 2003
In the citing paper
“Interestingly, young women were overrepresented in online mental health services in much the same way as in traditional face-to-face care [81].”
From Do online mental health services improve help-seeking for young people? A systematic review (2014) · cites this paper as [81]
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Cited by
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Items 1,001–1,013 of 1,013
Hadisuyatmana, S., Malik, G., Efendi, F., Reisenhofer, S., & Boyd, J. (2023) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-023-02303-4 · Cited by 16
Men’s peer support for mental health challenges: future directions for research and practice
Sharp, P., Zhu, P., Ogrodniczuk, J. S., McKenzie, S., Seidler, Z. E., Rice, S., & Oliffe, J. L. (2024) · Health Promotion International · doi:10.1093/heapro/daae046 · Cited by 17
Fatkin, T., Moore, S. K., Okst, K., Creedon, T. B., Samawi, F., Fredericksen, A. K., Roll, D., Oxnard, A., Lê Cook, B., & Schuman-Olivier, Z. (2021) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108415 · Cited by 14
Examining men as victims of intimate partner violence in a French forensic department
Dumont, N., Martrille, L., Albuisson, E., Baland-Peltre, K., & Marchand, E. (2022) · Forensic Science International · doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2022.111368 · Cited by 8
Friedmann, E., & Cwikel, J. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10225321 · Cited by 7
Ellis, A. E., Martino, S., Simiola, V., Bellamy, C., O’Connell, M., & Cook, J. M. (2023) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2023.2203691 · Cited by 6
Azeez, S., Obst, K. L., Oxlad, M., Due, C., & Middleton, P. (2021) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/s41372-021-01210-7 · Cited by 6
Widanaralalage, B. K., Jennings, S., Dando, C. J., & Mackenzie, J.-M. (2025) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-025-02706-z · Cited by 6
“It is evident how norms attached to male resilience, independence and strength [73] may be further enhanced for adult males from ethnic minority backgrounds as evidenced by survivors in this study who still displayed substantial levels of shame and embarrassment around disclosing their childhood…”
Masculine Identity and Traumatic Brain Injury
MacQueen, R., & Fisher, P. (2019) · The Palgrave Handbook of Male Psychology and Mental Health · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-04384-1_29 · Cited by 5
Tuliao, A. P., Mullet, N. D., Hawkins, L. G., Holyoak, D., Weerts, M., & Gudenrath, T. (2019) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.05.004 · Cited by 4
Hines, D. A., & Lysova, A. (2024) · Partner Abuse · doi:10.1891/pa-2023-0018 · Cited by 3
Male Rape: Prevalence, Consequences, and Myths
Widanaralalage, B. K. (2024) · Sexual Crime · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-46626-7_4 · Cited by 4
Pu, Y., & Kong, Z. (2026) · American Journal of Men's Health · doi:10.1177/15579883261441859 · Cited by 1
“Masculine-friendly language of these interventions (strategic emotional management, performance optimization) could make more males participative (Addis & Mahalik, 2003; Vogel et al., 2011).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Addis, M. E., & Mahalik, J. R.
- Affiliations
- Clark University (US)
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 2003
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 5-14
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- OpenAlex
- W2156759043
- Cited by
- 2,761
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 185 · 2025: 178 · 2024: 139 · 2023: 121 · 2022: 140 · 2021: 152 · 2020: 175 · 2019: 166 · 2018: 153 · 2017: 173 · 2016: 143 · 2015: 141 · 2014: 136 · 2013: 133 · 2012: 111
- FWCI
- 108.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Clark Digital Commons (Clark University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r29mh057778-05)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R29 MH57778)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Roles and Identity Studies
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- men's help-seeking, masculinity, psychology of men, social construction of masculinity, socialization, mental health service utilization, adaptive help-seeking, gender and health care
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cultural Characteristics, Decision Making, Gender Identity, Humans, Male, Men, Mental Health Services, Social Conditions, Health Behavior
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