The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cognitive biases in generalized social phobia
Abstract
Judgmental biases for threat-relevant stimuli are thought to be important mechanisms underlying the etiology and maintenance of anxiety disorders. The authors hypothesized (a) that people with generalized social phobia (GSP) would rate negative social events but not nonsocial events as more probable and costly than would nonanxious controls (NACs) and (b) that cognitive behavioral treatment would decrease probability and cost estimates for social but not nonsocial events. Participants with GSP and NACs were assessed twice, 14 weeks apart, during which the former received cognitive behavioral therapy. Those with GSP evidenced socially relevant judgmental biases prior to treatment, and these were attenuated following treatment. Reduction in cost estimates for social events, but not in probability estimates, mediated improvement in social phobia. Results are discussed in light of emotional processing theory.
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“SAD is characterized by inflated appraisals of the likelihood and cost of negative social outcomes”
From The affective tie that binds: Examining the contribution of positive emotions and anxiety to relationship formation in social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Foa, Franklin, Perry, & Herbert, 1996
Citations
Cites
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Özen, Y. (2025) · Akademisyen Kitabevi eBooks · doi:10.37609/akya.3516
Griffith, J. M., Long, E. E., & Hankin, B. L. (2025) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-025-01306-0
“…on finite self-regulation resources among individuals elevated in social anxiety, depleting these individuals’ capacity to override prepotent tendencies toward behavioral avoidance and cognitive biases toward the devaluation of positive social events (Foa et al., 1996; Kashdan et al., 2011).”
Noda, S., Shirotsuki, K., Kodama, Y., Nakao, M., & Kaiya, H. (2025) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports · doi:10.1002/pcn5.70264
“9 Foa et al. 8 reported that reductions in cost bias were strong predictors of improvement in SAD symptoms.”
Schutters, S. I. J. (2011) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20110908ss
Noda, S., Shirotsuki, K., & Nakao, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26690303
Noda, S., Shirotsuki, K., & Nakao, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26690297
Noda, S., Shirotsuki, K., & Nakao, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26690306
Noda, S., Shirotsuki, K., & Nakao, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26690300
Jongman-Sereno, K. P., & Leary, M. R. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-14146-1.00009-7
Psychometric properties of the Probability Bias Measure
Booth, R. W., Aydın, G. N., Başara, B., & Yılmaz, C. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0346803 · Cited by 1
“However, this finding may have been biased by our relatively-healthy sample: for example, people with social anxiety disorder might show clearer differences between their estimates for socially-related vs. socially-unrelated events [55,70,71].”
InfluentialChen, W., Xiao, B., Liu, J., Wang, Z., & Sang, B. (2026) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/02724316261495148
Bei wem sich soziale Angst verfestigt
Hoyer, J., & Härtling, S. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-73331-8_3
The role of self-relevance, attention and online interpretation of social cues in social anxiety
McKendrick, M. (2013) · STAX · doi:10.48730/85gf-gr83
Mansour, C., Rabbath, G., & Saïkali, M. (2002) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0567-9_55
Metadata
- Authors
- Foa, E. B., Franklin, M. E., Perry, K. J., & Herbert, J. D.
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 1996-08
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 433-439
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- OpenAlex
- W2014773448
- Cited by
- 416
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 7.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r10mh049340-04)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- generalized social phobia, cognitive biases, probability estimation, cost estimation, cognitive behavioral therapy, anxiety maintenance, emotional processing theory, social anxiety
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Arousal, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Phobic Disorders, Role Playing, Set, Psychology, Social Perception, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome
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