Neutralizing increases discomfort associated with obsessional thoughts: an experimental study with obsessional patients
Open accessAbstract
Cognitive-behavioral theories suggest that the development of neutralizing is crucial in the development and persistence of obsessional problems (OCD). Twenty-nine patients with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., American Psychiatric Association, 1994) diagnosis of OCD were randomly allocated to 2 conditions. Both listened to repeated recorded presentations of their intrusive thoughts and either neutralized (experimental group) or distracted themselves (control). Discomfort was rated during this 1st phase and then during a 2nd phase without neutralizing or distraction. The experimental group showed a similar level of discomfort in the 1st phase, which significantly reduced during the period compared with controls. The experimental group experienced significantly more discomfort during the 2nd phase, and significantly stronger urges to neutralize and distract at the end of this phase than controls.
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Safety behaviours are negatively reinforcing and maintain anxiety symptoms in the long-term.
“However such safety behaviours are negatively reinforcing and maintain anxiety symptoms in the long-term [33]”
From Health anxiety, coping mechanisms and COVID 19: An Indian community sample at week 1 of lockdown (2021) · cites this paper as [33]
Safety-seeking behaviors reduce distress and anxiety in the short-term but maintain the salience of the thoughts in the long-run.
“While these strategies reduce distress and anxiety in the short-term, they actually maintain the salience of the thoughts in the long-run (Roper & Rachman, 1976; Salkovskis, Thorpe, Wahl, Wroe, & Forrester, 2003).”
From A Comparison of Two Brief Interventions for Obsessional Thoughts: Exposure and Acceptance. (2013) · cites this paper as Salkovskis et al., 2003
Safety-seeking behaviors increase preoccupation with thoughts and prevent erroneous beliefs about the thought from being disproved.
“Specifically, they increase one’s preoccupation with the thoughts and prevent erroneous beliefs about the thought from being disproved.”
From A Comparison of Two Brief Interventions for Obsessional Thoughts: Exposure and Acceptance. (2013) · cites this paper as Salkovskis et al., 2003
Although a limitation of this approach is that we were unlikely to observe substantial symptom reduction, researchers routinely use single session interventions to study proposed change processes and evaluate acceptability and believability of treatments for anxiety disorders.
“Although a limitation of this approach is that we were unlikely to observe substantial symptom reduction, researchers routinely use single session interventions to study proposed change processes and evaluate the acceptability and believability of treatments for anxiety disorders (e.g., McManus, et al., 2009; Salkovskis, et al., 2003; Deacon, Sy, Lickel, & Nelson, 2010).”
From A Comparison of Two Brief Interventions for Obsessional Thoughts: Exposure and Acceptance. (2013) · cites this paper as Salkovskis et al., 2003
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- Authors
- Salkovskis, P. M., Thorpe, S. J., Wahl, K., Wroe, A. L., & Forrester, E.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- University of Greenwich (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 2003-11
- Volume
- 112
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 709-715
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- OpenAlex
- W2063062646
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- obsessional thoughts, obsessive-compulsive disorder, intrusive thoughts, discomfort, distraction, cognitive-behavioral theory, compulsive behavior
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Arousal, Attention, Defense Mechanisms, Female, Humans, Male, Motivation, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Pain Measurement, Reference Values, Thinking, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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