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Is there more to complicated grief than depression and posttraumatic stress disorder? A test of incremental validity.
Abstract
There is growing interest in complicated grief reactions as a possible new diagnostic category for inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. However, no research has yet shown that complicated grief has incremental validity (i.e., predicts unique variance in functioning). The authors addressed this issue in 2 studies by comparing grief, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms with different measures of functioning (interviewer ratings, friend ratings, self-report, and autonomic arousal). The 1st study (N = 73) used longitudinal data collected at 4 and 18 months postloss, and the 2nd study (N = 447) used cross-sectional data collected 2.5-3.5 years postloss. With depression and PTSD controlled, grief emerged as a unique predictor of functioning, both cross-sectionally and prospectively. The findings provide convergent support for the incremental validity of complicated grief as an independent marker of bereavement-related psychopathology.
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“Importantly, it has been shown that the symptoms of prolonged grief disorder contribute to impaired functioning beyond the effects of co-occurring depression and PTSD 67 .”
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bonanno, G. A., Brewin, C. R., Kaniasty, K., & Greca, A. M. L. (2010) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1177/1529100610387086 · Cited by 1,289
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“An important consideration, however, is that PTEs can also alter the availability of resources (Hobfoll 1989, 2002), and the loss of resources (e.g., decrease in income) has been associated with reduced prevalence of resilience (Bonanno et al. 2007a).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationComplicated grief and related bereavement issues for DSM-5
Shear, M. K., Simon, N. M., Wall, M. M., Zisook, S., Neimeyer, R. A., Duan, N., Reynolds, C. F., Lebowitz, B. D., Sung, S. C., Ghesquiere, A., et al. (2011) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20780 · Cited by 1,121
“[16,18,116,117,123] On balance it appears that CG is different from PTSD.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationBonanno, G. A., & Diminich, E. D. (2012) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12021 · Cited by 791
“A considerable body of research associates past encounters with trauma and current life stress with both increased risk for PTSD (Brewin et al., 2000) and a decreased likelihood of minimal-impact resilience following PTEs (Bonanno et al., 2007).”
InfluentialSelf-citationPrevalence of complicated grief in a representative population-based sample.
Kersting, A., Brähler, E., Glaesmer, H., & Wagner, B. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2010.11.032 · Cited by 628
“grief reactions, which may involve various emotions, cognitive impairment, health problems, and impaired role functioning (Bonanno et al., 2007).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Bonanno, G. A., Neria, Y., Mancini, A., Coifman, K. G., Litz, B., & Insel, B.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- Boston University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 2007-05
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 342-351
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- OpenAlex
- W1970652546
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 14.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R29-MH57274; R01-MH73595)
- Spunk Fund Inc.
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Death, Funerary Practices, and Mourning
- Keywords
- complicated grief, bereavement, incremental validity, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, functioning, autonomic arousal, DSM-5
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Depressive Disorder, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Grief, Heart Rate, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Assessment, Personality Inventory, Psychometrics, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Reproducibility of Results, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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