Cited by 781Education, Achievement, and GiftednessGrit, Self-Efficacy, and MotivationSport Psychology and Performance

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Role of Goal Orientation Following Performance Feedback

VandeWalle, Don, Cron, William L., Slocum, John W.·2001·Journal of Applied Psychology

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This study examined the relationship of goal orientation and performance over a series of 2 challenging performance events. After providing performance feedback on the 1st event, the authors found that the relationship between a learning goal orientation and performance remained positive for the 2nd event, the relationship between a proving goal orientation and performance diminished from a positive to a nonsignificant level, and the relationship between an avoiding goal orientation and performance remained negative. Data analysis also indicated that the relationships between the 3 goal orientation dimensions and the performance event were differentially mediated by goal setting, self-efficacy, and effort.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0021-9010.86.4.629

Cites

47 of 47 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
Self-efficacy: The exercise of control
Bandura, A., Freeman, W. H., & Lightsey, R. (1999) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.13.2.158 · Cited by 46,835
Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach
Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411 · Cited by 41,941
Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology.
Hammer, T. H., Anderson, J. F., Gurdon, M. A., Jick, T. D., Petit, A., Stern, R. N., Schwartz, H., Vardi, Y., & Dunnette, M. D. (1977) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2391755 · Cited by 11,947
Untitled work
(1964) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 10,439
A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality.
Dweck, C. S., & Leggett, E. L. (1988) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256 · Cited by 9,745
Untitled work
(1993) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 7,690
Motivational processes affecting learning.
Dweck, C. S. (1986) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.41.10.1040 · Cited by 6,971
Classrooms: Goals, structures, and student motivation.
Ames, C. (1992) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.84.3.261 · Cited by 6,468
Untitled work
(1999) · Cited by 6,308

Show all 47 references

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 775

Defensive routines as coping mechanisms against technostress: roles of digital leadership and employee goal orientation
Yang, Y., Shamim, S., Massis, A. D., & Gao, D. (2025) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2025.124143 · Cited by 49
The impact of learning goals on emotional, social, and cognitive intelligence competency development
Leonard, D. C. (2008) · Journal of Management Development · doi:10.1108/02621710810840794 · Cited by 36
“Recent research on goal orientation has produced somewhat paradoxical results ( VandeWalle et al. , 2001”
Result
Enhancing Experience-Driven Leadership Development
Hezlett, S. A. (2016) · Advances in Developing Human Resources · doi:10.1177/1523422316645887 · Cited by 32
Entrepreneurial motivation as a key salesperson competence: trait antecedents and performance consequences
Rajabi, R., Brashear, T. G., & Chelariu, C. (2018) · Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing · doi:10.1108/jbim-12-2016-0278 · Cited by 38
When is ignorance bliss? The effects of inaccurate self-assessments of knowledge on learning and attrition
Sitzmann, T., & Johnson, S. K. (2011) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.11.004 · Cited by 38
Job scope, affective commitment, and turnover: The moderating role of growth need strength
Zargar, M. S., Vandenberghe, C., Marchand, C., & Ayed, A. K. B. (2013) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.12046 · Cited by 38
Goal-Focused Leadership, Leader-Member Exchange, and Task Performance: The Moderating Effects of Goal Orientations and Emotional Exhaustion
Kim, D., Choi, D., & Vandenberghe, C. (2017) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-017-9516-7 · Cited by 40
Gaining feedback acceptance: Leader-member attachment style and psychological safety
London, M., Volmer, J., Zyberaj, J., & Kluger, A. N. (2023) · Human Resource Management Review · doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2023.100953 · Cited by 43
Representations of Trait Engagement: Integration, Additions, and Mechanisms
Hirschfeld, R. R., & Thomas, C. H. (2008) · Industrial and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1754-9434.2007.00011.x · Cited by 35
Relations among Self-Efficacy, Goal Setting, and Metacognitive Experiences in Problem-Solving
Akama, K. (2006) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.98.3.895-907 · Cited by 35
Goal Orientations
Attenweiler, W. J., & Moore, D. D. (2006) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0013164405282473 · Cited by 35
“However, they did not address this disparity as part of their research, adapting the 13-item, three-factor scales from VandeWalle, Cron, and Slocum (2001) as their measure of goal orientations.”
BackgroundMethod
On the Role of Goal Orientation Traits and Self-Efficacy in the Goal-Setting Process: Distinctions That Make a Difference
Fan, J., Meng, H., Billings, R. S., Litchfield, R. C., & Kaplan, I. T. (2008) · Human Performance · doi:10.1080/08959280802347122 · Cited by 36
“Research has also showed that SSE mediates the LGO–self-set goals link (e.g., Phillips & Gully, 1997; VandeWalle et al., 2001).”
BackgroundResultInfluential
How Am I Doing? Exploring On-Line Gradebook Monitoring as a Self-Regulated Learning Practice That Impacts Academic Achievement
Geddes, D. (2009) · Academy of Management Learning and Education · doi:10.5465/amle.2009.47785469 · Cited by 35
The Joint Impact of Achievement Goals and Performance Feedback on Information Giving
Poortvliet, P. M., Janssen, O., Yperen, N. W. V., & de Vliert, E. V. (2009) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/01973530903058276 · Cited by 34
“In line with Van Yperen (2003), the following goals were assigned: ‘‘Perform better on your final ranking as compared to your first ranking’’ (mastery goal) or ‘‘Perform better on your final ranking as compared to the other’’ (performance goal).”
Background
Improving Feedback Reports: The Role of Procedural Information and Information Specificity
Feys, M., Anseel, F., & Wille, B. (2011) · Academy of Management Learning and Education · doi:10.5465/amle.2010.0054 · Cited by 33
Faculty feedback that begins with resident self‐assessment: motivation is the key to success
Moroz, A., Horlick, M., Mandalaywala, N. V., & Stern, D. T. (2017) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.13484 · Cited by 35
Managing global knowledge transfer: Inpatriate manager embeddedness and firm innovation
Kiessling, T. S., Maley, J. F., Moeller, M., & Dabić, M. (2021) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101868 · Cited by 33
Student Feedback on Teaching in Schools
Rollett, W., Bijlsma, H. J. E., & Röhl, S. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-75150-0 · Cited by 48
The Impact of Paradigm Development and Course Level on Performance in Technology-Mediated Learning Environments
Hornik, S., Saunders, C., Li, Y., Moskal, P. D., & Dzuiban, C. D. (2008) · Informing Science The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline · doi:10.28945/439 · Cited by 33
Career Management: Taking Control of the Quality of Work Experiences
Vianen, A. E. M. V., de Pater, I. E., & Preenen, P. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6230-8_14 · Cited by 33
“Mastery-oriented individuals focus on the development of competence through task mastery, whereas performance-oriented individuals focus on demonstrating and validating their competence (e.g., Elliot, 1999; VandeWalle, Cron, & Slocum, 2001 ).”
Background
Individualism–collectivism and the role of goal orientation in organizational training
Rogers, A. M., & Spitzmueller, C. (2009) · International Journal of Training and Development · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2419.2009.00326.x · Cited by 36
Goal orientations and performance: role of temporal norms
Lee, C., Hui, C., Tinsley, C. H., & Niu, X. (2006) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400208 · Cited by 33
Positivity bias in employees' self-ratings of performance relative to supervisor ratings: The roles of performance type, performance-approach goal orientation, and perceived influence
Janssen, O., & van der Vegt, G. S. (2010) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2010.485736 · Cited by 33
“In addition, because of their belief that competence is difficult to develop (entity theory), performance-oriented employees are apt to divert effort from competency development to self-presentation activities (VandeWalle, Cron, & Slocum, 2001 ).”
Background
The adoption of approach versus avoidance goals: The role of goal-relevant resources
Schnelle, J., Brandstätter, V., & Knopfel, A. (2010) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-010-9173-x · Cited by 32
“A study by VandeValle et al. (2001) addressing the effect of different types of learning goals (e.g., performance goals, learning goals and avoidance goals) on performance lends evidence to this reasoning, in that avoidance goals were substantially associated with a low aspiration level.”
Background
Cohesiveness within teamwork: the relationship to performance effectiveness – case study
Alrawi, K. W. (2008) · Education Business and Society Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues · doi:10.1108/17537980810890284 · Cited by 32
Leaders’ achievement goals predict employee burnout above and beyond employees’ own achievement goals
Sijbom, R. B. L., Lang, J. W. B., & Anseel, F. (2018) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12427 · Cited by 42
Perceived Cognitive Diversity and Creativity: A Multilevel Study of Motivational Mechanisms and Boundary Conditions
Kim, T., David, E., & Liu, Z. (2020) · The Journal of Creative Behavior · doi:10.1002/jocb.443 · Cited by 35
Learning Down to Train Up: Mentors Are More Effective When They Value Insights from Below
Zhang, T., Wang, D. J., & Galinsky, A. D. (2022) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2021.0430 · Cited by 39
A study of motivational influences on academic achievement
Dishon-Berkovits, M. (2014) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-014-9257-7 · Cited by 38
Table of Contents
(2008) · ASHE Higher Education Report · doi:10.1002/aehe.3401 · Cited by 32
Stability or change? Effects of training length and time lag on achievement goal orientations and transfer of training
Laine, E., & Gegenfurtner, A. (2013) · International Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1016/j.ijer.2013.03.014 · Cited by 36
Moderators of the Relationship Between Cognitive Ability and Performance: General Versus Context–Specific Achievement Motivation1
Hirschfeld, R. R., Lawson, L., & Mossholder, K. W. (2004) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2004.tb01983.x · Cited by 31
Individual differences at play: An investigation into measuring Big Five personality facets with game‐based assessments
Wu, F. Y., Mulfinger, E., Alexander, L., Sinclair, A. L., McCloy, R. A., & Oswald, F. L. (2021) · International Journal of Selection and Assessment · doi:10.1111/ijsa.12360 · Cited by 36
Employee’s intention to share knowledge: the impacts of learning organization culture and learning goal orientation
Yoon, S. W., & Park, J. G. (2022) · International Journal of Manpower · doi:10.1108/ijm-01-2021-0004 · Cited by 34
An Item Response Theory Examination of Two Popular Goal Orientation Measures
Hafsteinsson, L. G., Donovan, J. J., & Breland, B. T. (2007) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0013164406299101 · Cited by 29
“Although a substantial portion of work on the goal orientation construct has utilized a twodimensional conceptualization of goal orientation, the three-dimensional approach has become increasingly popular in recent years (e.g., Brett & VandeWalle, 1999; VandeWalle, 2001).”
Background
Performance evaluation of auditors: a constructive or a destructive tool of audit output
Nehme, R. (2017) · Managerial Auditing Journal · doi:10.1108/maj-09-2016-1446 · Cited by 29
Academic goals, goal process cognition, and exam performance among college students
Okun, M. A., Fairholme, C., Karoly, P., Ruehlman, L. S., & Newton, C. (2006) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2006.04.001 · Cited by 28
Multicultural teaching efficacy and cultural intelligence of teachers
Kang, H.-S., Kim, E.-J., & Park, S. (2018) · International Journal of Educational Management · doi:10.1108/ijem-11-2017-0318 · Cited by 31
The Effect of Teaching Quality on Student Career Choice: The Mediating Role of Student Goal Orientation
Mahfud, T., Indartono, S., Saputro, I. N., & Utari, I. (2019) · Integration of Education · doi:10.15507/1991-9468.097.023.201904.541-555 · Cited by 27
Individual learning goal orientations in self‐managed team‐based organizations: A study on individual and contextual variables
Annosi, M. C., Monti, A., & Martini, A. (2020) · Creativity and Innovation Management · doi:10.1111/caim.12377 · Cited by 35
An Examination and Extension of the Theory of Gamified Learning: The Moderating Role of Goal Orientation
Marquez, C. G., & Bauer, K. N. (2020) · Simulation & Gaming · doi:10.1177/1046878120958741 · Cited by 36
“However, VandeWalle et al. (2001, p. 637) note that the effort put forth by high PPGO individuals is more “super-ficial and instrumental” compared to individuals high in LGO, and therefore, might be less sustainable over time.”
Background
Goal orientation towards teaching (GOTT) scale
Kucsera, J., Roberts, R. M., Walls, S. M., Walker, J., & Svinicki, M. D. (2011) · Teachers and Teaching · doi:10.1080/13540602.2011.602212 · Cited by 28
“The Work Domain Goal Orientation Instrument has been developed and used (VandeWalle, 1997; VandeWalle et al., 2001; Cron et al., 2005) to measure the goal orientation of adults in work settings.”
Method
When co-production fails: The role of customer’s internal attributions and impression management concerns
Sugathan, P., & Ranjan, K. R. (2020) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.02.038 · Cited by 26
When career success enhances employees' life satisfaction: different effects of two types of goal orientations
Choi, B. K., & Nae, E. Y. (2020) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/pr-04-2020-0218 · Cited by 32
Values sensitive coaching: The DELTA approach to coaching culturally diverse executives.
Coultas, C. W., Bedwell, W. L., Burke, C. S., & Eduardo Salas, A. (2011) · Consulting psychology journal · doi:10.1037/a0025603 · Cited by 26
Trust the Machine or Trust Yourself: How AI Usage Reshapes Employee Self-Efficacy and Willingness to Take Risks
Han, Z., Song, G., Zhang, Y., & Li, B. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15081046 · Cited by 31
“VandeWalle et al. (2001) assert that an essential individual characteristic, or learning goal orientation, affects how individuals evaluate their external environment and how they respond emotionally.”
Influential
Examination of the Effects of Emotional Intelligence and Authentic Leadership on the Employees in the Organizations
Adıgüzel, Z., & Kuloğlu, E. (2019) · International Journal of Organizational Leadership · doi:10.33844/ijol.2019.60412 · Cited by 27
“Vandewalle, Cron, and Slocum (2001) indicate that goal-oriented employees are more proactive, develop their skills for challenging tasks, adapt to new environments, process feedbacks effectively and are open to new ideas.”
Background
Safety-Specific Leadership, Goal Orientation, and Near-Miss Recognition: The Cross-Level Moderating Effects of Safety Climate
Lu, H., Wu, T., Shao, Y., Liu, Y., & Wang, X. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01136 · Cited by 27
“Individuals with a high level of performance goal orientation exhibit more external task motivation and tend to seek more positive and less negative feedback (Wolters et al., 1996; Brett and VandeWalle, 1999; VandeWalle et al., 2001).”
Background
When Learning Goal Orientation Leads to Learning From Failure: The Roles of Negative Emotion Coping Orientation and Positive Grieving
Wang, W., Song, S., Chen, X., & Yuan, W. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.608256 · Cited by 28
Factors impacting technology adoption in hospital bed logistics
Feibert, D. C., & Jacobsen, P. (2018) · The International Journal of Logistics Management · doi:10.1108/ijlm-02-2017-0043 · Cited by 25
The Relationships of Cross-Cultural Adjustment with Dispositional Learning Orientation and Goal Setting: A Longitudinal Analysis
Gong, Y., & Chang, S. (2006) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022106295438 · Cited by 27
Conceptualizing Learning Agility and Investigating its Nomological Network
Allen, J. (2016) · FIU - Digital Commons (Florida International University) · doi:10.25148/etd.fidc000747 · Cited by 26
Learning Goal Orientation and Academic Performance: A Dynamic model
Lu, B., Deng, Y., Yao, X., & Li, Z. (2021) · Journal of Career Assessment · doi:10.1177/10690727211043437 · Cited by 31
“In addition, due to their focus on task mastery and competence development (Vallerand et al., 2007), learning-oriented individuals will perceive setbacks and negative feedback as learning opportunities (Dweck & Leggett, 1988; Garcia et al., 2012; VandeWalle et al., 2001).”
Background
Inside the Next Black Box: Examining Students’ Responses to Teacher Feedback in a Formative Assessment Context
Lui, A. M., & Andrade, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2022.751549 · Cited by 43
Implications of Self-Deception for Self-Reported Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivational Dispositions and Actual Learning Performance
Hirschfeld, R. R., Thomas, C. H., & McNatt, D. B. (2007) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0013164406299129 · Cited by 25
Längsschnittliche Effekte von Zielorientierungen auf Dimensionen des beruflichen Belastungserlebens im Lehrberuf
Tönjes, B., & Dickhäuser, O. (2009) · Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie · doi:10.1026/0049-8637.41.2.79 · Cited by 24
Nurses’ perceptions of feedback to nursing teams on quality measurements: An embedded case study design
Giesbers, A. P. M., Schouteten, R., Poutsma, E., HEIJDEN, B. I. J. M. V. D., & van Achterberg, T. (2016) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.10.003 · Cited by 30
Antecedents of Employees’ Goal Orientation and the Effects of Goal Orientation on E-Learning Outcomes: The Roles of Intra-Organizational Environment
Li, D., & Tsai, C.-Y. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12114759 · Cited by 27
The double‐edged sword: A work regulatory focus perspective on the relationship between organizational identification and innovative behaviour
Chen, L., Ruan, R., & He, P. (2022) · Creativity and Innovation Management · doi:10.1111/caim.12482 · Cited by 25
Feedback orientation: A meta-analysis
Katz, I. M., Moughan, C. J., & Rudolph, C. W. (2023) · Human Resource Management Review · doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2023.100986 · Cited by 33
A storyteller's guide to problem‐based learning for information systems management education
Hull, D. M., Lowry, P. B., Gaskin, J. E., & Mirkovski, K. (2019) · Information Systems Journal · doi:10.1111/isj.12234 · Cited by 25
“In contrast, extrinsic motivation refers to what people will do following external inducement (eg, go to work) (DeShon & Gillespie, 2005; Dweck & Leggett, 1988; VandeWalle, Cron, & Slocum, 2001).”
Background
Cognitive and affective determinants of salesforce performance: A two-wave study
Soscia, I., Bagozzi, R. P., & Guenzi, P. (2018) · Industrial Marketing Management · doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2018.06.003 · Cited by 22
To what extent does performance-related feedback affect managers’ self-efficacy?
Reynolds, D. (2005) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2004.12.007 · Cited by 22
“Remaining Vigilant” While “Enjoying Prosperity”: How Artificial Intelligence Usage Impacts Employees’ Innovative Behavior and Proactive Skill Development
Qian, J., Chen, J., & Zhao, S. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15040465 · Cited by 32
“Additionally, they also tend to prioritize personal growth and long-term career development and are more sensitive to discrepancies between their current skill set and future workplace requirements (Vandewalle et al., 2001).”
The Emotion of Admiration Improves Employees’ Goal Orientations and Contextual Performance
Galliani, E. M., & Vianello, M. (2012) · International journal of applied psychology · doi:10.5923/j.ijap.20120204.02 · Cited by 23
“VandeWalle’s 12 items[44,55] were adapted to measure state-Learn ing GO (4 items, α=.”
Method
The Cambridge Handbook of the International Psychology of Women
Cheung, F. M., & Halpern, D. F. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108561716 · Cited by 24
Team-level goal orientation: an emergent state and its relationships with team inputs, process, and outcomes
Maltarich, M. A., Greenwald, J. M., & Reilly, G. (2015) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2015.1004318 · Cited by 22
Making use of professional development: Employee interests and motivational goal orientations
Johnson, V. A., & Beehr, T. A. (2013) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2013.12.003 · Cited by 21
How (in)congruence of leader–follower learning goal orientation influences leader–member exchange and employee innovation
Lan, J., Huo, Y., Wong, I. A., & Yuan, B. (2023) · International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management · doi:10.1108/ijchm-02-2022-0262 · Cited by 23
Effects of Causal Attributions Following Mathematics Tasks on Student Cognitions About a Subsequent Task
Seegers, G., van Putten, C. M., & Harriet, J. V. (2004) · The Journal of Experimental Education · doi:10.3200/jexe.72.4.307-328 · Cited by 20
Achievement goals and improvement following failure: moderating roles of self-compassion and contingency of self-worth
Shimizu, M., Niiya, Y., & Shigemasu, E. (2015) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2015.1084371 · Cited by 20
Are good salespeople born or made? A new perspective on an age-old question: implicit theories of selling ability
Novell, C. A., Machleit, K. A., & Sojka, J. Z. (2016) · Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management · doi:10.1080/08853134.2016.1214594 · Cited by 23
“Second, feedback is an important feature of any performance environment, providing information for improvement (Ammons 1956; Ashford and Cummings 1983; Boehler et al. 2006; Butler 1993; Ilgen and Moore 1987; Locke et al. 1981; VandeWalle, Cron, and Slocum 2001).”
Background
A Newcomer Socialization Perspective on the Proliferation of Unethical Conduct in Organizations: The Influences of Peer Coaching Practices and Newcomers’ Goal Orientations
Liu, X. H., Greenbaum, R. L., Allen, D. G., & Zhang, Z. (2021) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-020-04730-y · Cited by 22
Beyond trial: Consumer assimilation of electronic channels
Johnson, D. S. (2008) · Journal of Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1002/dir.20112 · Cited by 22
A longitudinal examination of the reciprocal relationship between goal orientation and performance: The mediating role of self-efficacy
Magni, F., Gong, Y., & Chao, M. M. (2021) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.110960 · Cited by 21
Strategic management of salespeople when promoting new products
Chen, A. H., Peng, N., & Hung, K. (2015) · European Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1108/ejm-03-2014-0181 · Cited by 19
“This result aligns with previous scholars’ findings (e.g., Potosky and Ramakrishna; 2002; Silver et al., 2006; Sujan et al., 1994; VandeWalle et al., 1999; 2001).”
Influential
Differentiating Performance Approach Goals and Their Unique Effects
Edwards, O. V. (2014) · Universal Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.13189/ujer.2014.020205 · Cited by 21
“That is, previous studies examining participants’ performance approach goals adopted either a normative performance approach goal [2,47,69] or a competence demonstration performance approach goal [30,32,85,92].”
Result
The impact of psychological climate on employees’ innovative use of information systems: The moderating role of goal orientation
Guo, Y., Wang, C., & Feng, Y. (2018) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2018.1534988 · Cited by 19
“Employees ’ goal orientations are associated with di ﬀ erent cognitive frameworks for how they interpret situations (VandeWalle et al. 2001), which in ﬂ uence their perceptions and interpretations of their environment.”
Background
Psychological Empowerment: Antecedents From Goal Orientation and Consequences in Public Sector Employees
Juan, B. G., Tena, A. B. E., & Roca‐Puig, V. (2018) · Review of Public Personnel Administration · doi:10.1177/0734371x18814590 · Cited by 26
Using Adaptive Difficulty to Optimize Videogame-Based Training Performance: The Moderating Role of Personality
Bauer, K. N., Brusso, R. C., & Orvis, K. A. (2012) · Military Psychology · doi:10.1080/08995605.2012.672908 · Cited by 19
“Individuals with high performance avoid goal orientation tend to decrease effort and experience negative emotions in response to negative feedback and challenging learning tasks ( Cron, Slocum, VandeWalle, & Fu, 2005 ; VandeWalle, Cron, & Slocum, 2001 ).”
Background
Launching the post-college career: A study of mentoring antecedents
Welsh, E. T., & Wanberg, C. R. (2008) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2008.12.001 · Cited by 20
Influence of music and its moments of application on performance and psychophysiological parameters during a 5km time trial
Bigliassi, M., Dantas, J. L., Carneiro, J. G., Smirmaul, B. P. C., & Altimari, L. R. (2012) · Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte · doi:10.1016/s1888-7546(12)70013-8 · Cited by 19
Intentional learning with technological proxies: Goal orientations and efficacy beliefs
Hanham, J., Ullman, J., Orlando, J., & McCormick, J. (2014) · Australian Journal of Education · doi:10.1177/0004944113517831 · Cited by 18
EFFECTS OF GOAL ORIENTATION AND TASK COMPLEXITY ON AUDIT JUDGMENT PERFORMANCE
Sanusi, Z. M., Iskandar, T. M., & Poon, J. M. L. (2000) · UiTM Institutional Repositories (Universiti Teknologi MARA) · doi:10.24191/mar.v6i2.515 · Cited by 18
The combined effects of goal type and cognitive ability on performance
Seijts, G., & Crim, D. (2009) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-009-9143-3 · Cited by 18
“Individuals are urged to focus on gaining competence and to learn from experience (e.g., Seijts and Latham 2005; VandeWalle et al. 2001 ).”
Background
Does achievement motivation mediate the semantic achievement priming effect?
Engeser, S., & Baumann, N. (2014) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/a0036864 · Cited by 19
Goal Orientation: A test of competing models
McKinney, A. P. (2003) · VTechWorks (Virginia Tech) · Cited by 17
Unpacking the nonlinear effect of self‐efficacy in entrepreneurship: Why and under which condition more is not better
Uy, M. A., Sun, S., Gielnik, M. M., Jacob, G. H., Lagdameo, J. L. D., Miclat, A. G., & Osi, E. C. (2023) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12618 · Cited by 28
The interaction effect of goal orientation and mindfulness of entrepreneurs on firm innovation capability and its impact on firm performance
Ratanavanich, M., & Charoensukmongkol, P. (2024) · VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems · doi:10.1108/vjikms-06-2023-0135 · Cited by 25
When competitive rewards create obsessions with bottom‐line outcomes: A social interdependence theory perspective of the mediating role of bottom‐line mentality
Mawritz, M. B., Greenbaum, R. L., Deng, Y., Rosikiewicz, B. L., Farro, A. C., & Mitchell, M. (2024) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2791 · Cited by 20
Thriving at work: toward its measurement, construct validation, and theoretical refinement
Garnett, F. G. (2012) · Development in Learning Organizations An International Journal · doi:10.1108/dlo.2012.08126caa.009 · Cited by 18
Ready and willing to learn: exploring personal antecedents to taking on learning challenges
Rigolizzo, M. (2019) · Journal of Workplace Learning · doi:10.1108/jwl-08-2018-0101 · Cited by 21
Effect of Learning Goal Orientation on Performance: Role of Task Variety as a Moderator
Lim, H. S., & Shin, S.-Y. (2020) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-020-09705-4 · Cited by 20
Interaction between Self-Efficacy and Initial Performance in Predicting the Complexity of Task Chosen
Tabernero, C., & Wood, R. E. (2009) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.105.f.1167-1180 · Cited by 19
Feedback Dynamics Are Critical to Improving Performance Management Systems
Chawla, N., Gabriel, A. S., Dahling, J. J., & Patel, K. R. (2016) · Industrial and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1017/iop.2016.8 · Cited by 17
Individual and organizational antecedents of trait mindfulness
Kalafatoğlu, Y., & Turgut, T. (2018) · Journal of Management Spirituality & Religion · doi:10.1080/14766086.2018.1541756 · Cited by 17
“Our results were more in line with Vandewalle, Cron, and Slocum (2001) in that both studies indicate the necessity to differentiate between approach and avoidance orientations and provide evidence that a three-dimensional model of goal orientation is more sensitive.”
BackgroundResult
Rethinking Gamification Failure: A Model and Investigation of Gamified System Maladaptive Behaviors
Tseng, S.-L., Sun, H., Santhanam, R., Lu, S., & Thatcher, J. B. (2023) · Information Systems Research · doi:10.1287/isre.2021.0284 · Cited by 18
The Perception of Error in Production Plants of a Chemical Organisation
Seifried, J., & Höpfer, E. (2012) · Vocations and Learning · doi:10.1007/s12186-012-9081-1 · Cited by 16
“Theoretically, a safe team environment should imply an increased involvement in error handling (Edmondson 1996, 1999; Rybowiak et al. 1999; Tjosvold et al. 2004; VandeWalle et al. 2001).”
Background
Workplace Goal Orientation
Theis, L., & Bipp, T. (2019) · European Journal of Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000522 · Cited by 17
How achievement goals affect students' well-being and the relationship model between achievement goals, academic self-efficacy and affect at school
Ariani, D. W. (2021) · Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education · doi:10.1108/jarhe-08-2020-0273 · Cited by 24

Authors: VandeWalle, D., Cron, W. L., & Slocum, J. W.
Affiliations: Southern Methodist University (US)
Venue: Journal of Applied Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2001
Volume: 86
Issue: 4
Pages: 629-640
ISSN: 0021-9010 (ISSN-L)
1939-1854
DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.86.4.629
OpenAlex: W2072046516
Semantic Scholar: f785ebefc8c87b28a78b68034bca2d3d2511b665
Cited by: 781
References: 47
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 81 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 45
FWCI: 15.61
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Applied Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
Keywords: goal orientation, performance feedback, learning objectives, performance goals, performance, goal setting, self-efficacy, effort, mediation
MeSH terms: Adult, Feedback, Female, Goals, Humans, Male, Task Performance and Analysis, Self Efficacy

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The Role of Goal Orientation Following Performance Feedback

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks