Measuring the working alliance in advisor–advisee relationships in graduate school.
Abstract
Drawing from the working alliance literature, the authors constructed the Advisory Working Alliance Inventory (AWAI) to measure the graduate advising relationship from the student's perspective. Two hundred eighty-one counseling psychology doctoral students participated in the 1st study (79% response rate). Three factors (Rapport, Apprenticeship, and Identification-Individuation) were extracted by factor analysis. The AWAI showed very good internal consistency reliability. Scale validity was supported by positive correlations between the AWAI and measures of advisee research self-efficacy and attitudes toward research, as well as the perceived expertness, attractiveness, and trustworthiness of the advisor. Forty-one students participated in the 2nd study, in which the AWAI demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability over a 2-week interval. Implications of the advising working alliance are discussed for doctoral training and areas for future research are provided.
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- Authors
- Schlosser, L. Z., & Gelso, C. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- ORCID
- Gelso, Charles J.
- Venue
- Journal of Counseling Psychology
- Published
- 2001-04
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 157-167
- ISSN
- 0022-0167 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2168
- OpenAlex
- W1997509231
- Cited by
- 211
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 5.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Counseling Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Doctoral Education Challenges and Solutions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Counseling Practices and Supervision
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mentoring and Academic Development
- Keywords
- therapeutic relationship, graduate student advising, supervisor-student relationship, doctoral students, rapport, apprenticeship, research self-efficacy, scale development, counseling psychology training
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