Relationships between five after-school activities and academic achievement.
Abstract
Four hundred twenty-four students in Grades 6 through 12 and 1 parent of each completed a questionnaire concerning student participation in 5 types of after-school activities: homework, television viewing, extracurricular activities, other types of structured after-school groups, and jobs. Student standardized achievement test scores and class grades were also obtained. After-school activities contributed significantly to the prediction of achievement even after the student's gender, grade level, ethnicity, free-lunch eligibility, and level of adult supervision after school were statistically controlled. Generally, more time in extracurricular activities and other structured groups and less time in jobs and television viewing were associated with higher test scores and class grades. More time on homework was associated with better grades. The joint effects of all 5 after-school activities nearly doubled the predictive ability of any single activity.
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Our results concur with previous research showing an inverse association of television viewing with composite scores, language, and mathematics.
“Regarding the association between the duration of individual screen-based activities and academic performance, our results concur with previous research showing an inverse association of television viewing with composite scores, 29,64,66,71 language, 59,67 and mathematics.59,77”
From Association Between Screen Media Use and Academic Performance Among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- Cooper, H., Valentine, J. C., Nye, B., & Lindsay, J. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Missouri (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Educational Psychology
- Published
- 1999-06
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 369-378
- ISSN
- 0022-0663 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2176
- OpenAlex
- W2072863730
- Cited by
- 333
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 25.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Educational Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Youth Development and Social Support
- Social Sciences › Education › Parental Involvement in Education
- Social Sciences › Demography › Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities
- Keywords
- after-school activities, academic performance, extracurricular activities, homework, television viewing, youth employment, standardized test scores, adolescent time use
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