Achievement goals, study strategies, and exam performance: A mediational analysis.

Andrew J. Elliot, Holly A. McGregor, Shelly L. Gable·1999·Journal of Educational Psychology

Abstract

Two studies examined achievement goals as predictors of self-reported cognitive/ metacognitive and motivational study strategies and tested these study strategies as mediators of the relationship between achievement goals and exam performance in the normatively graded college classroom. The results support hypotheses generated from the trichotomous achievement goal framework. Mastery goals are positive predictors of deep processing, persistence, and effort; performance-approach goals are positive predictors of surface processing, persistence, effort, and exam performance; and performance-avoidance goals are positive predictors of surface processing and disorganization and negative predictors of deep processing and exam performance. Persistence and effort mediate the relationship between performance-approach goals and exam performance, whereas disorganization mediates the relationship between performance-avoidance goals and exam performance.

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Cited by (54)

  1. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being.
    Ryan, Richard M., Deci, Edward L. · 2000 · American Psychologist
  2. A 2 × 2 achievement goal framework.
    Elliot, Andrew J., McGregor, Holly A. · 2001 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
  3. Psychological correlates of university students’ academic performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Richardson, Michelle, Abraham, Charles, Bond, Rod · 2012 · Psychological Bulletin
  4. Do Psychosocial and Study Skill Factors Predict College Outcomes? A Meta-Analysis.
    Robbins, Steven B., Lauver, Kristy, Le, Huy, Davis, Daniel, Langley, Ronelle, Carlstrom, Aaron · 2004 · Psychological Bulletin
  5. Agency as a fourth aspect of students’ engagement during learning activities
    Reeve, Johnmarshall, Tseng, Ching-Mei · 2011 · Contemporary Educational Psychology

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Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Achievement goals, study strategies, and exam performance: A mediational analysis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037//0022-0663.91.3.549
The paper
Elliot, A. J., McGregor, H. A., & Gable, S. L. (1999). Achievement goals, study strategies, and exam performance: A mediational analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-0663.91.3.549

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.