The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An Item-Response Theory Analysis of Self-Report Measures of Adult Attachment
Abstract
Self-report measures of adult attachment are typically scored in ways (e.g., averaging or summing items) that can lead to erroneous inferences about important theoretical issues, such as the degree of continuity in attachment security and the differential stability of insecure attachment patterns. To determine whether existing attachment scales suffer from scaling problems, the authors conducted an item response theory (IRT) analysis of 4 commonly used self-report inventories: Experiences in Close Relationships scales (K. A. Brennan, C. L. Clark, & P. R. Shaver, 1998), Adult Attachment Scales (N. L. Collins & S. J. Read, 1990), Relationship Styles Questionnaire (D. W. Griffin & K. Bartholomew, 1994) and J. Simpson's (1990) attachment scales. Data from 1,085 individuals were analyzed using F. Samejima's (1969) graded response model. The authors' findings indicate that commonly used attachment scales can be improved in a number of important ways. Accordingly, the authors show how IRT techniques can be used to develop new attachment scales with desirable psychometric properties.
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In the citing paper
“The ECR/ECR-R assesses the two major dimensions of attachment (anxiety and avoidance; i.e., anxiety about abandonment or being afraid of disapproval).”
From Addiction to Social Media and Attachment Styles: A Systematic Literature Review (2019) · cites this paper as Fraley et al. 2000
In the citing paper
“The Experience of Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R) is a well-validated, reliable 36-item measure of anxious and avoidant attachment.21,22”
From Mental health services for parents who lost a child to cancer: if we build them, Will they come? (2015) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“This 36-item scale examines attachment anxiety (18 items, e.g., “I often worry that my partner doesn’t really love me”; Cronbach’s α = 0.929) and attachment avoidance (18 items, e.g., “I prefer not to be too close to romantic partners”; Cronbach’s α = 0.944)”
Citations
Cites
Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis
Kaufman, L., & Rousseeuw, P. J. (1990) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/9780470316801 · Cited by 7,344
Cited by
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Fraley, R. C., & Shaver, P. R. (2000) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.4.2.132 · Cited by 1,601
Self-citationNostalgia: content, triggers, functions
Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Arndt, J., & Routledge, C. (2006) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.91.5.975 · Cited by 1,252
Fraley, R. C., Heffernan, M. E., Vicary, A. M., & Brumbaugh, C. C. (2011) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0022898 · Cited by 1,198
Self-citationMaunder, R., Lancee, W., Balderson, K., Bennett, J., Borgundvaag, B., Evans, S., Fernandes, C., Goldbloom, D., Gupta, M., Hunter, J., et al. (2006) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid1212.060584 · Cited by 1,109
“Attachment insecurity was measured with the anxiety and attachment avoidance scales of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire (28).”
MethodGrandiose and Vulnerable Narcissism: A Nomological Network Analysis: Variants of Narcissism
Miller, J. D., Hoffman, B. J., Gaughan, E. T., Gentile, B., Maples, J., & Keith Campbell, W. (2011) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00711.x · Cited by 990
Metadata
- Authors
- Fraley, R. C., Waller, N. G., & Brennan, K. A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2000-02
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 350-365
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W4253600352
- Cited by
- 3,385
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 123 · 2025: 173 · 2024: 151 · 2023: 187 · 2022: 195 · 2021: 239 · 2020: 253 · 2019: 213 · 2018: 217 · 2017: 182 · 2016: 234 · 2015: 199 · 2014: 157 · 2013: 160 · 2012: 160
- FWCI
- 17.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- adult attachment, self-report measures, item response theory, psychometric properties
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Data Collection, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Object Attachment, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Models, Statistical, Cluster Analysis
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