Cited by 1,571Attachment and Relationship DynamicsMotivation and Self-Concept in SportsPersonality Traits and Psychology

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Within-person variation in security of attachment: A self-determination theory perspective on attachment, need fulfillment and well-being

La Guardia, Jennifer G., Ryan, Richard M., Couchman, Charles E., Deci, Edward L.·2000·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0022-3514.79.3.367

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Abstract

Attachment research has traditionally focused on individual differences in global patterns of attachment to important others. The current research instead focuses primarily on within-person variability in attachments across relational partners. It was predicted that within-person variability would be substantial, even among primary attachment figures of mother, father, romantic partner, and best friend. The prediction was supported in three studies. Furthermore, in line with self-determination theory, multilevel modeling and regression analyses showed that, at the relationship level, individuals' experience of fulfillment of the basic needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness positively predicted overall attachment security, model of self, and model of other. Relations of both attachment and need satisfaction to well-being were also explored.

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“For instance, fulfillment of autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs was associated positively with secure attachment (La Guardia, Ryan, Couchman, & Deci, 2000) and emotional reliance on close others (Ryan, La Guardia, Solky-Butzel, Chirkov, & Kim, 2005).”
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Japutra, A., Ekinci, Y., & Simkin, L. P. (2016) · Journal of Strategic Marketing · doi:10.1080/0965254x.2016.1195862 · Cited by 106
Examining the Contributions of Perceived Psychological Need Satisfaction to Well‐Being in Exercise1
Wilson, P. M., Longley, K., Muon, S., Rodgers, W. M., & Murray, T. C. (2006) · Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9861.2007.00008.x · Cited by 110
“Evidence across both studies is consistent with SDT and emerging literature in other domains (Deci et al., 2001; La Guardia, Ryan, Couchman, & Deci, 2000; Sheldon et al., 2001) and indicates that greater satisfaction of 258 WILSON ET AL.”
Result
A Connectionist Approach to the Organization and Continuity of Working Models of Attachment
Fraley, R. C. (2007) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00471.x · Cited by 98
Benevolent Sexism and Support of Romantic Partner’s Goals
Hammond, M. D., & Overall, N. C. (2015) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167215593492 · Cited by 104
“Immediately following the discussion, recipients rated four items adapted from La Guardia et al. (2000): “To what extent do you feel the following in regard to your goal?””
Method
The manifestation of traits in everyday behavior and affect: A five-culture study
Ching, C. M., Church, A. T., Katigbak, M. S., Reyes, J. A. S., Tanaka‐Matsumi, J., Takaoka, S., Zhang, H., Shen, J., Mazuera‐Arias, R., Rincon, B. C., et al. (2013) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2013.10.002 · Cited by 101
“Although Lucas et al. (2000) found that the relationship between trait extraversion and pleasant affect was weaker in collectivistic cultures than in individualistic cultures, they investigated global ratings of traits and affects, rather than momentary PA and NA during everyday situations.”
Background
Satisfying One’s Needs for Competence and Relatedness
Hofer, J., & Busch, H. (2011) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167211408329 · Cited by 95
Perceived authenticity in romantic partners
Wickham, R. E. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2013.04.001 · Cited by 96
“For example, in their validation of a measure of relationship authenticity, Lopez and Rice (2006) obtained self-reports of participants own authenticity, which were correlated with measures of subjective well-being and relationship satisfaction.”
Method
Interdependence Theory and the Actor–Partner Interdependence Model
Wickham, R. E., & Knee, C. R. (2012) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868312447897 · Cited by 98
A systematic review on well-being and ill-being in working contexts: contributions of self-determination theory
Nunes, P. M., Proença, T., & Todaro, M. E. C. (2023) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/pr-11-2021-0812 · Cited by 135
Attachment and well-being: The mediating effects of psychological needs satisfaction within the coach–athlete and parent–athlete relational contexts
Felton, L., & Jowett, S. (2012) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.07.006 · Cited by 120
On delineating and integrating the study of variability and stability in personality psychology: Interpersonal trust as illustration
Fleeson, W., & Leicht, C. (2005) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2005.08.004 · Cited by 95
Improving social competence through character education
Cheung, C., & Lee, T. Y. (2009) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2009.08.006 · Cited by 95
Attributing autonomous versus introjected motivation to helpers and the recipient experience: Effects on gratitude, attitudes, and well-being
Weinstein, N., DeHaan, C. R., & Ryan, R. M. (2010) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-010-9183-8 · Cited by 104
“These results are consistent with literature showing that autonomous partners ( La Guardia et al. 2000 ), and, specifically, autonomous helpers (Weinstein and Ryan 2010), facilitate a sense of intimacy in relationships.”
ResultSelf-citation
Effects of Integrated Resort Experience on Customers’ Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being
Ahn, J., Back, K., & Boger, C. A. (2019) · Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research · doi:10.1177/1096348019861740 · Cited by 100
“Relatedness influences the customers’ need to feel a sense of closeness with others (Deci & Ryan, 2000), and a person whose need for relatedness is satisfied is likely to feel connected with others (La Guardia et al., 2000).”
Background
Autonomy in Relatedness: How Need Fulfillment Interacts in Close Relationships
Kluwer, E. S., Karremans, J. C., Riedijk, L., & Knee, C. R. (2020) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167219867964 · Cited by 92
Attachment avoidance moderates the effects of parenting on Chinese adolescents’ having an inner compass
Yu, S., Deng, Y., Yu, H., & Liu, X. (2018) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-018-0007-4 · Cited by 94
Consumer Attachments to Human Brands: The “Oprah Effect”
Loroz, P. S., & Braig, B. M. (2015) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.20815 · Cited by 103
Feeling Free and Having an Authentic Inner Compass as Important Aspects of the Need for Autonomy in Emerging Adults’ Interactions With Their Mothers
Assor, A., Cohen, R., Ezra, O., & Yu, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635118 · Cited by 91
Predictors of Task-Persistent and Fear-Avoiding Behaviors in Women with Sexual Pain Disorders
Brauer, M., Lakeman, M. M. E., van Lunsen, R. H. W., & Laan, E. T. M. (2014) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/jsm.12697 · Cited by 92
Predicting Change in Self-Reported and Interviewer-Assessed Adult Attachment: Tests of the Individual Difference and Life Stress Models of Attachment Change
Davila, J., & Cobb, R. J. (2003) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167203029007005 · Cited by 90

Authors: La Guardia, J. G., Ryan, R. M., Couchman, C. E., & Deci, E. L.
ORCID: Ryan, Richard M.
Deci, Edward L.
Venue: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2000
Volume: 79
Issue: 3
Pages: 367-384
ISSN: 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
1939-1315
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.79.3.367
OpenAlex: W4247564017
Cited by: 1,571
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 78 · 2025: 92 · 2024: 83 · 2023: 101 · 2022: 106 · 2021: 118 · 2020: 87 · 2019: 86 · 2018: 81 · 2017: 82 · 2016: 71 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 74 · 2012: 81
FWCI: 10.98
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH053385, MH-53385)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Keywords: attachment security, within-person variability, self-determination theory, need satisfaction, well-being, attachment styles
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Freedom, Humans, Individuality, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Object Attachment, Personality Development, Social Support

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Within-person variation in security of attachment: A self-determination theory perspective on attachment, need fulfillment and well-being

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