Cited by 4,510Behavioral Health and InterventionsGrit, Self-Efficacy, and MotivationNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

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Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle?

Muraven, Mark, Baumeister, Roy F.·2000·Psychological Bulletin

DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.126.2.247

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Abstract

The authors review evidence that self-control may consume a limited resource. Exerting self-control may consume self-control strength, reducing the amount of strength available for subsequent self-control efforts. Coping with stress, regulating negative affect, and resisting temptations require self-control, and after such self-control efforts, subsequent attempts at self-control are more likely to fail. Continuous self-control efforts, such as vigilance, also degrade over time. These decrements in self-control are probably not due to negative moods or learned helplessness produced by the initial self-control attempt. These decrements appear to be specific to behaviors that involve self-control; behaviors that do not require self-control neither consume nor require self-control strength. It is concluded that the executive component of the self--in particular, inhibition--relies on a limited, consumable resource.

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Authors: Muraven, M., & Baumeister, R. F.
Affiliations: Case Western Reserve University (US)
ORCID: Muraven, Mark
Baumeister, Roy F.
Venue: Psychological Bulletin
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2000
Volume: 126
Issue: 2
Pages: 247-259
ISSN: 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
1939-1455
DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.126.2.247
OpenAlex: W2113390049
Cited by: 4,510
References: 135
Citations by year: 2026: 186 · 2025: 208 · 2024: 200 · 2023: 183 · 2022: 237 · 2021: 218 · 2020: 198 · 2019: 272 · 2018: 260 · 2017: 225 · 2016: 253 · 2015: 297 · 2014: 289 · 2013: 267 · 2012: 201
FWCI: 45.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01mh057039-05, 5r01mh051482-03)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH 57039, MH-51482)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: self-control, self-regulation, resource constraints, ego depletion, executive function, inhibition, sustained attention, stress coping, negative affect regulation, resistance to temptation
MeSH terms: Attention, Depression, Physical Exertion, Helplessness, Learned, Internal-External Control, Motivation

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Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle?

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