The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability.
Abstract
Reliability coefficients often take the form of intraclass correlation coefficients. In this article, guidelines are given for choosing among six different forms of the intraclass correlation for reliability studies in which n target are rated by k judges. Relevant to the choice of the coefficient are the appropriate statistical model for the reliability and the application to be made of the reliability results. Confidence intervals for each of the forms are reviewed.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“As a result, the inter-rater agreement was quite high for categorical variables (mean Cohen's kappa = 0.73, SD = 0.13) and for continuous variables (mean intraclass correlation [26] = 0.80, SD = .14).”
From Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-analytic Review (2010) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“we used the methodology Shrout and Fleiss (1979) describe and computed the Shrout-Fleiss single ICC score agreement of .998, which is considered quite high (Koo and Li 2016).”
From Driving Brand Engagement Through Online Social Influencers: An Empirical Investigation of Sponsored Blogging Campaigns (2019) · cites this paper as Shrout and Fleiss (1979)
In the citing paper
“In contrast, Cohen's quadratically weighted kappa converges to two-factor intraclass correlation coefficients with random and fixed raters (i.e., the so-called ICC (2,1) and ICC(3,1) coefficients), where the items and raters are the two factors (Carrasco, 2010;Fleiss & Cohen, 1973;Janson & Olsson, 2001;Schuster, 2004;Schuster & Smith, 2005;Shrout & Fleiss, 1979;Warrens, 2014).”
From Quadratically Weighted Agreement Coefficients: Interpretations and Connections (2026) · cites this paper as Shrout & Fleiss, 1979
In the citing paper
“A sample of 11% of video data was double coded by the researcher and an experienced coder (the developer of CHIPPA). Inter‐rater reliability was based on intra‐class correlation (ICC) statistics from the mean rating for the two coders (k = 2) using a two‐way mixed effects consistency model (see Table 2 below) and resulted in good to excellent reliability across the CHIPPA subscales (Koo & Li, 2016”
From A plausible role of imagination in pretend play, counterfactual reasoning, and executive functions (2023) · cites this paper as Shrout & Fleiss, 1979
In the citing paper
“The results suggest that coders showed high agreement (intraclass correlation [2, 1] = 0.85; Shrout & Fleiss, 1979).”
From Respiratory and cognitive mediators of treatment change in panic disorder: Evidence for intervention specificity. (2010) · cites this paper as Shrout & Fleiss, 1979
In the citing paper
“Interrater reliability of the pre- and posttreatment assessments was excellent (intraclass correlations [2, 1] = 0.97 and 0.96, respectively; Shrout & Fleiss, 1979).”
From Respiratory and cognitive mediators of treatment change in panic disorder: Evidence for intervention specificity. (2010) · cites this paper as Shrout & Fleiss, 1979
In the citing paper
“ICC decomposes observed variance into between-query variance (task difficulty) and within-query variance (agent inconsistency), highlighting whether reported results reflect true capability or measurement noise.”
From Stochasticity in Agentic Evaluations: Quantifying Inconsistency with Intraclass Correlation (2025) · cites this paper as Shrout and Fleiss 1979
In the citing paper
“The ICC quantifies the proportion of total variance attributable to differences between tasks and can be understood as a function of both the difficulty of the dataset (variance between tasks) and the consistency of the agent (variance within tasks).”
From Stochasticity in Agentic Evaluations: Quantifying Inconsistency with Intraclass Correlation (2025) · cites this paper as Shrout and Fleiss 1979
In the citing paper
“Reproducibility of the final placenta, fetus and amniotic fluid volume in millilitres was assessed using the ICC (2,1) [37], [38] for inter-observer repeatability between the semi-automated Random Walker results, regarded as the ground-truth used for performance evaluation, and the newly generated FCNN outputs.”
From Fully Automated 3-D Ultrasound Segmentation of the Placenta, Amniotic Fluid, and Fetus for Early Pregnancy Assessment (2021) · cites this paper as [37]
Citations
Cites
Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests
Cronbach, L. J. (1951) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02310555 · Cited by 43,931
Statistical principles in experimental design.
Winer, B. J. (1962) · McGraw-Hill Book Company · doi:10.1037/11774-000 · Cited by 27,137
Rozeboom, W. W., Lord, F. M., Novick, M. R., & Birnbaum, A. (1969) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/00028312006001112 · Cited by 8,013
Rozeboom, W. W., Lord, F. M., Novick, M. R., & Birnbaum, A. (1969) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.2307/1162101 · Cited by 8,012
Snedecor, G. W., & Cochran, W. G. (1967) · Cited by 6,573
Scheffé, H. (1960) · Soil Science · doi:10.1097/00010694-196006000-00016 · Cited by 5,625
An Approximate Distribution of Estimates of Variance Components
Satterthwaite, F. E. (1946) · Biometrics Bulletin · doi:10.2307/3002019 · Cited by 4,373
The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient as a Measure of Reliability
Bartko, J. J. (1966) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1966.19.1.3 · Cited by 2,342
Statistics for the social sciences
Hays, W. L. (1973) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,081
The theory of the estimation of test reliability
Kuder, G. F., & Richardson, M. W. (1937) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02288391 · Cited by 1,953
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 14,501–14,600 of 23,881
Gibas‐Stanek, M., Kościółek-Rudy, D., Szumilas, K., et al. (2024) · Dental and Medical Problems · doi:10.17219/dmp/159154 · Cited by 9
Evaluating interview criterion‐related validity for distinct constructs: A meta‐analysis
Wingate, T. G., Bourdage, J. S., & Steel, P. (2024) · International Journal of Selection and Assessment · doi:10.1111/ijsa.12494 · Cited by 17
Ma, X., Li, J., Yang, Y., Qiu, X., Sheng, J., Han, N., Wu, C., Xu, G., Jiang, G., Tian, J., et al. (2024) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120762 · Cited by 9
Wifstad, S. V., Kildahl, H. A., Holte, E., Berg, E. A. R., Grenne, B. L., Salvesen, Ø. O., Dalen, H., & Løvstakken, L. (2024) · Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.06.008 · Cited by 9
Zhao, J., Chen, H., Dong, M., et al. (2024) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/jbjs.23.00695 · Cited by 9
Osborne, J. O., Kildalsen, I., Pedersen, S., Pettersen, S. A., Welde, B., MINAHAN, C. L., & Andersson, E. P. (2024) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2024.11.008 · Cited by 9
Feng, X., Shi, Y., Zhang, Y., Lei, F., Ren, R., & Tang, X. (2024) · Nature and Science of Sleep · doi:10.2147/nss.s490960 · Cited by 9
Mayer, A. R., Wick, T. V., McQuaid, J. R., Boucher, M. L., Dodd, A. B., Robertson‐Benta, C. R., van der Horn, H. J., Erhardt, E. B., Sapién, R. E., Tarawneh, R. M., et al. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-84053-4 · Cited by 12
Lipodystrophy Severity Score to Assess Disease Burden in Lipodystrophy
Brown, R. J., Akıncı, B., Yosef, M., Phillips, H., Khalatbari, S. H., Sorkina, E., Santini, F., Vigouroux, C., Brush, M. N., Meral, R., et al. (2025) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaf103 · Cited by 9
Bacca, C. D. O. F., Huntermann, R., de Oliveira, J. P., Alexandrino, F. B., Sato, M. Y., Cardoso, R. N., Gomes, R. F., & Melo, E. S. (2025) · Current Problems in Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2025.103039 · Cited by 9
Study and instrument quality in perception-based L2 pronunciation research
Kostromitina, M., Sudina, E., & Baghlaf, E. (2025) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s027226312500018x · Cited by 11
Aşkın, D. İ., Tayman, M. A., Çelik, B., Kamburoğlu, K., & Özen, D. (2025) · BMC Oral Health · doi:10.1186/s12903-025-06007-0 · Cited by 9
Li, X., Guo, Y., Huang, S., Wang, F., Dai, C., Zhou, J., & Lin, D. (2025) · BMC Medical Imaging · doi:10.1186/s12880-025-01715-z · Cited by 12
Salehin, M., Chow, V., Lee, H., et al. (2025) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.08.024 · Cited by 9
Ayasrah, M. N., Khasawneh, M. A. S., Almulla, M. O., & Aboutaleb, A. H. (2025) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1111/jcal.70127 · Cited by 14
Phantom studies in medical imaging (PSMI): a guide with recommendations and checklist
Gennaro, G., Zanardo, M., Ambrogi, F., et al. (2025) · European Radiology Experimental · doi:10.1186/s41747-025-00641-7 · Cited by 9
Hayibo, K. S., & Pearce, J. M. (2025) · HardwareX · doi:10.1016/j.ohx.2025.e00720 · Cited by 10
Algobaei, F., & Alzain, E. (2026) · Social Sciences & Humanities Open · doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102341 · Cited by 9
Linde, P., Fichter, F., Dietlein, M., Sudbrock, F., Afshar, K., Dapper, H., Fokas, E., Hillebrecht, A., Raupach, T., & Laupichler, M. C. (2026) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-025-02313-7 · Cited by 15
Action unit intensity estimation using hierarchical partial least squares
Gehrig, T., Al-Halah, Z., Ekenel, H. K., & Stiefelhagen, R. (2015) · International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition · doi:10.1109/fg.2015.7163152 · Cited by 9
Characteristics of the centre of pressure progression for pregnant women during walking
Zhang, Y., Heng-bo, L., Gu, Y., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Technology · doi:10.1504/ijbet.2015.069406 · Cited by 9
Dwyer, T., Whelan, D. B., Khoshbin, A., et al. (2014) · Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy · doi:10.1007/s00167-014-2945-1 · Cited by 9
Wu, S.-K., Jou, J.-Y., Lee, H.-M., et al. (2013) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2013.06.097 · Cited by 9
Trunk stabilization estimated using pseudorandom force perturbations, a reliability study
Griffioen, M., Maaswinkel, E., Zuurmond, W. W. A., van Dieën, J. H., & Perez, R. S. G. M. (2015) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.12.007 · Cited by 9
Kuckertz, A., & Mandl, C. (2016) · FGF studies in small business and entrepreneurship · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27108-8_20 · Cited by 9
Equivalência semântica e confiabilidade da versão em português da Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale
Silva, H. R. D. S. E., Areco, K. C. N., Bandiera‐Paiva, P., Galvão, P. V. M., Garcia, A. N. D. M., & da Silveira, D. X. (2015) · Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/0047-2085000000052 · Cited by 9
Briem, K., & Briem, K. (2012) · Læknablaðið · doi:10.17992/lbl.2012.0708.444 · Cited by 9
Within-subject covariation between depression- and anxiety-related affect
Anand, D., Wilt, J. A., & Revelle, W. (2016) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2016.1184625 · Cited by 8
Mussmann, B. R., Overgaard, S., Torfing, T., et al. (2016) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.23417 · Cited by 9
Mitchell, K., Batty, J. M., Coyne, M. E., DeSimone, L., & Bensel, C. K. (2016) · Cited by 9
Global radiological score for femoral cementless revision stem
Canovas, F., Putman, S., Girard, J., et al. (2017) · International Orthopaedics · doi:10.1007/s00264-017-3654-4 · Cited by 9
Baker, G., Nair, K. P. S., Baster, K., Rosato, R., & Solari, A. (2018) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458518776583 · Cited by 9
Morphometry evaluations of cervical osseous endplates based on three dimensional reconstructions
Feng, H., Li, H., Ba, Z., et al. (2018) · International Orthopaedics · doi:10.1007/s00264-018-4053-1 · Cited by 9
Holubčíková, J., Kudláček, M., Širůček, J., & Gecková, A. M. (2018) · Central European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.21101/cejph.a4662 · Cited by 9
A free and simple computerized screening test for visual field defects
Nordfang, M., Uhre, V., Robotham, R. J., et al. (2019) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12546 · Cited by 9
Hahn, L. J., Brady, N. C., & Versaci, T. M. (2019) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/2019_ajslp-18-0155 · Cited by 9
A global lifestyle assessment: Psychometric properties of the General Lifestyle Questionnaire
López-Fontana, I., Perrot, A., Krueger, K. R., Scanff, C. L., Bherer, L., & Castanier, C. (2020) · Psychologie Française · doi:10.1016/j.psfr.2019.06.004 · Cited by 9
Watanabe-Fujinuma, E., Origasa, H., Bamber, L., Roessig, L., Toyoda, T., Haga, Y., Gwaltney, C. J., & Pieske, B. M. (2020) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-020-01483-0 · Cited by 10
Ge, X., Ding, J., Wang, M., et al. (2020) · Cell and Tissue Banking · doi:10.1007/s10561-020-09858-9 · Cited by 9
Yeung, H. F., Homwongpanich, K., Michniuk, E., et al. (2020) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2020.104109 · Cited by 9
Vize, C. E., & Lane, S. P. (2021) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191120986613 · Cited by 9
Smit, S., Mikami, A. Y., & Normand, S. (2021) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-021-01944-0 · Cited by 9
Labhart, F., Muralidhar, S., Massé, B., et al. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0250443 · Cited by 9
Klotzbier, T. J., Wollesen, B., Vogel, O., Rudisch, J., Cordes, T., Jöllenbeck, T., & Vogt, L. (2021) · European Review of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s11556-021-00271-z · Cited by 9
Coppers, A., Möller, J. C., & Marks, D. (2021) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-021-01826-5 · Cited by 9
Betriebliche Ausbildungsqualität – Eine Frage der Perspektive?
Krötz, M., & Deutscher, V. K. (2021) · Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft · doi:10.1007/s11618-021-01041-4 · Cited by 9
Trinidad‐Fernández, M., Cuesta‐Vargas, A., Vaes, P., et al. (2021) · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing · doi:10.1007/s11517-021-02406-x · Cited by 9
Opsommer, E., Chevalley, O., Pegito, I., & Demeulenaere, P. (2021) · Archives of Physiotherapy · doi:10.1186/s40945-021-00114-1 · Cited by 9
Silva, M. D., Pierfrancesco, B., Genocchi, E. D., et al. (2021) · Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound · doi:10.1111/vru.13020 · Cited by 9
Wu, P., Wu, J., Hsieh, Y., Chen, L. C.-C., Cheng, T., Wu, P.-Y., Hsieh, B.-J., Huang, W., Huang, S.-L. L., & Chen, W. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-97567-y · Cited by 9
Serrano, D., Podger, L., Barnes, G., et al. (2021) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-021-02992-1 · Cited by 9
The Adoption of Task-Based Language Teaching in Diverse Contexts
Newton, J. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108868327.036 · Cited by 9
Technology-Mediated Task-Based Language Teaching
González‐Lloret, M., & Ziegler, N. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108868327.019 · Cited by 18
Augustsson, J., & Augustsson, S. R. (2022) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports10020026 · Cited by 9
Johnson, J. K., Lapin, B. R., Béthoux, F., Skolaris, A., Katzan, I. L., & Stilphen, M. (2022) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/pzac035 · Cited by 9
Shichman, I., Ben-Ari, E., Sissman, E., et al. (2022) · Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00402-022-04462-w · Cited by 9
Molina‐Torres, G., Guallar-Bouloc, M., Galán-Mercant, A., Kasper‐Jędrzejewska, M., Merchán-Baeza, J. A., & González‐Sánchez, M. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-12043-5 · Cited by 9
Kronlage, M., Fischer, T. D., Behnisch, R., Schwarz, D. F., Bäumer, P., Schwehr, V., Heiland, S., Bendszus, M., & Godel, T. (2022) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics12071570 · Cited by 9
Cleft Lip Repair Competence Can Be Evaluated with High-fidelity Simulation
Rogers‐Vizena, C. R., Yao, C. A., Sideridis, G. D., et al. (2022) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open · doi:10.1097/gox.0000000000004435 · Cited by 9
Rogati, G., Caravaggi, P., Leardini, A., et al. (2022) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111239 · Cited by 9
Wanger, T. J., Janes, A. C., & Frederick, B. B. (2022) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.26091 · Cited by 8
Hudgens, S. A., Newton, L., Eremenco, S. L., Crescioni, M., Symonds, T. L., Griffiths, P. C. G., Reasner, D. S., Byrom, B., O’Donohoe, P., & Vallow, S. (2022) · Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s41687-022-00521-3 · Cited by 9
Ripping, T. M., Rammant, E., Witjes, J. A., et al. (2022) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-022-02064-z · Cited by 9
Argyropoulos, G. D., Christidi, F., Karavasilis, E., Bede, P., Antoniou, A., Velonakis, G., Seimenis, I., Kelekis, N., Smyrnis, N., Papakonstantinou, O., et al. (2023) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110718 · Cited by 9
Evaluate the efficacy and reliability of functional gradients in within‐subject designs
Zhang, X., & Zang, Z. (2023) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.26213 · Cited by 9
Altmann, T., & Roth, M. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0281738 · Cited by 9
Villalón-Gasch, L., Jiménez-Olmedo, J. M., Olaya-Cuartero, J., & Pueo, B. (2023) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s23042068 · Cited by 10
Leading teacher instructional practices in Türkiye: do inner school conditions matter?
Polatcan, M., Özdemir, N., Kılınç, A. Ç., Zepeda, S. J., & Çevik, S. (2023) · Journal of Educational Administration · doi:10.1108/jea-07-2022-0099 · Cited by 13
Brain hubs defined in the group do not overlap with regions of high inter-individual variability
Smith, D. M., Kraus, B. T., Dworetsky, A., Gordon, E. M., & Gratton, C. (2023) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120195 · Cited by 10
Relationships Between Audio and Movement Features, and Perceived Emotions in Musical Performance
Thompson, M. R., Garay, J. I. M., Luck, G., et al. (2023) · Music & Science · doi:10.1177/20592043231177871 · Cited by 9
Kirschner, J., Michel, S. C. A., Becker, R., Stiebitz, O., Hommel, H., Schulz, R., Daszkiewicz, M., Królikowska, A., & Prill, R. (2023) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm13071046 · Cited by 9
Andersson, J. K., Mucelli, R. P., Dueholm, M., Fridsten, S., Grigoriadis, A., Guerriero, S., Leone, F. P., Valentin, L., den Bosch, T. V., Voulgarakis, N., et al. (2023) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics13132193 · Cited by 9
Free-fall drop test with interchangeable surfaces to recreate concussive ice hockey head impacts
Haid, D., Duncan, O., Hart, J., & Foster, L. (2023) · Sports Engineering · doi:10.1007/s12283-023-00416-6 · Cited by 9
Si, H., Yu, J., Liu, Q., Li, Y., Jin, Y., Bian, Y., Qiao, X., Wang, W., Ji, L., Wang, Y., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.06.019 · Cited by 9
Chaves, H., Serra, M., Shalóm, D. E., Ananía, P., Rueda, F., Sanz, E. O., Stefanoff, N. I., Murúa, S. R., Costa, M. E., Kitamura, F., et al. (2023) · European Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00330-023-10093-5 · Cited by 9
Six-minute, in vivo MRI quantification of proximal femur trabecular bone 3D microstructure
Vu, B. D., Jones, B. C., Lee, H., Kamona, N., Deshpande, R. S., Wehrli, F. W., & Rajapakse, C. S. (2023) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2023.116900 · Cited by 9
Online Interaction Turns the Congeniality Bias Into an Uncongeniality Bias
Buder, J., Zimmermann, A., Buttliere, B., Rabl, L., Vogel, M., & Huff, M. (2023) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/09567976231194590 · Cited by 10
Nukuto, K., Gale, T. H., Yamamoto, T., Musahl, V., & Anderst, W. J. (2023) · Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy · doi:10.1007/s00167-023-07560-3 · Cited by 9
Chounta, V., Byrnes, H. F., Henry-Szatkowski, M., et al. (2023) · Advances in Therapy · doi:10.1007/s12325-023-02656-1 · Cited by 9
Shang, Z., Fang, C., Lang, X., & Zhang, X. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.088 · Cited by 9
Ke, Y., Wang, T., He, F., Liu, S., & Ming, D. (2023) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ad0f3d · Cited by 9
Zilcha‐Mano, S., & Webb, C. A. (2023) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000868 · Cited by 9
Shift happens: aging alters the content but not the organization of memory for complex events
Fenerci, C., Davis, E. E., Henderson, S., Campbell, K. L., & Sheldon, S. (2024) · Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition · doi:10.1080/13825585.2024.2360216 · Cited by 10
Gharibi, O., Hajianfar, G., Sabouri, M., Mohebi, M., Bagheri, S., Arian, F., Yasemi, M. J., Bitarafan‐Rajabi, A., Rahmim, A., Zaidi, H., et al. (2024) · Medical Physics · doi:10.1002/mp.17490 · Cited by 9
Kim, H. G., Kim, S. C., Park, J. H., et al. (2024) · Arthroscopy The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2024.11.069 · Cited by 9
Hosseini, S. A., Hajianfar, G., Hall, B., et al. (2025) · Cancer Imaging · doi:10.1186/s40644-025-00857-1 · Cited by 9
Rodrigo, E., Sgaramella, G. A., García-Velasco, P., Hernández, J. L., Álvaro, R. L., & Olmos, J. M. (2015) · Radiología · doi:10.1016/j.rx.2015.03.002 · Cited by 9
HAPPINESS IN THAILAND: VARIATION BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL REGIONS
Hitokoto, H., Takahashi, Y., & Kaewpijit, J. (2014) · PSYCHOLOGIA · doi:10.2117/psysoc.2014.229 · Cited by 11
Spezifika der beruflichen Kompetenzdiagnostik – Inhalte und Methodologie
Winther, E., & Deutscher, V. K. (2014) · Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft · doi:10.1007/s11618-013-0455-4 · Cited by 9
Feasibility and Reliability of a Coding System to Capture In-Session Group Behavior in Adolescents
Ladd, B. O., Tomlinson, K. L., Myers, M. G., & Anderson, K. G. (2015) · Prevention Science · doi:10.1007/s11121-015-0588-1 · Cited by 9
The comparison of spinal curves and hip and ankle range of motions between old and young persons.
Moghadam, A. N., Taghipour, M., Alibazi, R. J., et al. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 9
Hierarchical Clustering in Improving Microblog Stream Summarization
Olariu, A. (2013) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-37256-8_35 · Cited by 9
Méthodes d’estimation de la reproductibilité
Elie, C., & Colombet, I. (2011) · Sang thrombose vaisseaux · doi:10.1684/stv.2011.0592 · Cited by 11
Folino, J. Ó., Escobar-Córdoba, F., & Castillo, J. (2006) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · Cited by 9
Jenkins, N. D. M., Palmer, T. B., & Cramer, J. T. (2013) · Isokinetics and Exercise Science · doi:10.3233/ies-130504 · Cited by 9
Grepperud, S., Holman, P. A., & Wangen, K. R. (2014) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-014-0620-3 · Cited by 9
Measuring the Severity of Topical 5-Fluorouracil Toxicity
Korgavkar, K., Firoz, E. F., Xiong, M. Y., et al. (2014) · Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.2310/7750.2013.13143 · Cited by 9
Kohan, A. A., Rubbert, C., Vercher-Conejero, J. L., et al. (2015) · Practical Radiation Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.prro.2014.12.007 · Cited by 9
Williams, J. R., Dusablon, T., Williams, W. O., Blais, M. P., & Hennessy, K. D. (2013) · The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research · doi:10.1007/s11414-013-9380-9 · Cited by 9
Reliability of tarsal bone segmentation and its contribution to MR kinematic analysis methods
Wolf, P., Luechinger, R., Stacoff, A., et al. (2007) · Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics · doi:10.1016/j.compmedimag.2007.06.009 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Shrout, P. E., & Fleiss, J. L.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- ORCID
- Shrout, Patrick E.
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 1979
- Volume
- 86
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 420-428
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- OpenAlex
- W2141403362
- Cited by
- 24,532
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1452 · 2025: 1085 · 2024: 998 · 2023: 1023 · 2022: 1083 · 2021: 1379 · 2020: 1189 · 2019: 1116 · 2018: 1178 · 2017: 1113 · 2016: 1106 · 2015: 1057 · 2014: 1172 · 2013: 1044 · 2012: 914
- FWCI
- 13.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Multidisciplinary Science and Engineering Research
- Keywords
- intraclass correlation coefficient, rater reliability, inter-rater reliability, reliability coefficients, confidence intervals, multiple raters
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Models, Statistical
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
