Cited by 205Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

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Stimulus-dependent dopamine release in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Sikström, Sverker, Söderlund, Göran·2007·Psychological Review

DOI 10.1037/0033-295x.114.4.1047

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Abstract

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is related to an attenuated and dysfunctional dopamine system. Normally, a high extracellular dopamine level yields a tonic dopaminergic input that down-regulates stimuli-evoked phasic dopamine responses through autoreceptors. Abnormally low tonic extracellular dopamine in ADHD up-regulates the autoreceptors so that stimuli-evoked phasic dopamine is boosted. The authors propose that these boosted phasic responses yield hypersensitivity to environmental stimuli in ADHD. Stimuli evoking moderate brain arousal lead to well-functioning performance, whereas either too little or too much stimuli attenuate cognitive performance. Strong, salient stimuli may easily disrupt attention, whereas an environment with impoverished stimuli causes low arousal, which is typically compensated for by hyperactivity. Stochastic resonance is the phenomenon that makes a moderate noise facilitate stimulus discrimination and cognitive performance. Computational modeling shows that more noise is required for stochastic resonance to occur in dopamine-deprived neural systems in ADHD. This prediction is supported by empirical data.

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Authors: Sikström, S., & Söderlund, G.
Affiliations: Lund University (SE)
Stockholm University (SE)
ORCID: Sikström, Sverker
Söderlund, Göran
Venue: Psychological Review
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2007
Volume: 114
Issue: 4
Pages: 1047-1075
ISSN: 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
1939-1471
DOI: 10.1037/0033-295x.114.4.1047
OpenAlex: W1993540397
Semantic Scholar: bbae907320b607564a12c70c0d2939d8052aae78
Cited by: 205
References: 258
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 5.03
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, dopamine release, tonic dopamine, dopamine autoreceptors, stochastic resonance, stimulus sensitivity, brain arousal, hyperactivity, cognitive performance, computational modeling
MeSH terms: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Dopamine, Humans, Noise, Physical Stimulation

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Stimulus-dependent dopamine release in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

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