The DOI matches its Crossref record; 217 of the 217 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The physiological psychology of hunger: a physiological perspective
Abstract
Hunger and satiety are usually discussed from the perspective of the central nervous system. In this paper we instead find the foundation for an understanding of hunger in the basic biochemical and physiological processes of energy metabolism. Such considerations suggest that the stimulus for hunger should be sought among changes that occur in the supply of metabolic fuels rather than in the utilization of specific nutrients or in the levels of fuel reserves. This line of reasoning diverts attention from the brain, which is not usually subject to dramatic fluctuations in its fuel supply, and focuses instead on the intestines, adipose tissue, and liver, the three peripheral organs that are most involved in the production or delivery of metabolic fuels. We propose that the stimulus for hunger derives from information provided to the brain by the liver in the course of normal hepatic function. More specifically, the stimulus for hunger may be associated with an alteration in oxidative metabolism within the liver, with food intake reversing that change. This view of hunger conforms closely to the fundamental features of caloric homeostasis and makes
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“Immediately after injury to the ventromedial hypothalamus, hyperinsulinemia develops without systemic insulin resistance, and sympathetic nervous system tone is decreased.”
From The carbohydrate-insulin model: A physiological perspective on the obesity pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [48]
In the citing paper
“Importantly, spontaneous physical activity is reduced during development of ventromedial hypothalamic obesity and increased fat deposition occurs even with restriction of food intake to that of controls.”
From The carbohydrate-insulin model: A physiological perspective on the obesity pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [48]
Citations
Cites
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Brain Metabolism during Fasting*
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The role of depot fat in the hypothalamic control of food intake in the rat
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Hypothalamic control of food intake in rats and cats.
Anand, B. K., & Brobeck, J. R. (1951) · PubMed · Cited by 1,197
Hormone-fuel interrelationships during fasting.
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Yang, Y., Chen, H., Heidari, A. A., & Gandomi, A. H. (2021) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2021.114864 · Cited by 1,084
Hedonic hunger: A new dimension of appetite?
Lowe, M. R., & Butryn, M. L. (2007) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.04.006 · Cited by 739
How adaptive behavior is produced: a perceptual-motivational alternative to response reinforcements
Bindra, D. (1978) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00059380 · Cited by 732
Metabolic fuels and reproduction in female mammals
Wade, G. N., & Schneider, J. E. (1992) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80183-6 · Cited by 686
Tordoff, M. G., & Alleva, A. (1990) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/51.6.963 · Cited by 444
Metadata
- Authors
- Friedman, M. I., & Stricker, E. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- ORCID
- Friedman, Mark I.
- Venue
- Psychological Review
- Published
- 1976
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 409-431
- ISSN
- 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1471
- OpenAlex
- W1973332748
- Cited by
- 334
- References
- 217
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 10.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Dietary Effects on Health
- Keywords
- hunger, satiety, energy metabolism, liver, food intake regulation, adipose tissue, fuel reserves
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Energy Metabolism, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Hunger, Hypothalamus, Middle, Liver
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