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Cited by 686Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormonesRegulation of Appetite and ObesityReproductive Biology and Fertility

Metabolic fuels and reproduction in female mammals

Wade, George N., Schneider, Jill E.·1992·Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
DOI 10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80183-6
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Abstract

A complete reproductive cycle of ovulation, conception, pregnancy, and lactation is one of the most energetically expensive activities that a female mammal can undertake. A reproductive attempt at a time when calories are not sufficiently available can result in a reduced return on the maternal energetic investment or even in the death of the mother and her offspring. Numerous physiological and behavioral mechanisms link reproduction and energy metabolism. Reproductive attempts may be interrupted or deferred when food is scarce or when other physiological processes, such as thermoregulation or fattening, make extraordinary energetic demands. Food deprivation suppresses both ovulation and estrous behavior. The neural mechanisms controlling pulsatile release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and, consequently, luteinizing hormone secretion and ovarian function appear to respond to minute-to-minute changes in the availability of metabolic fuels. It is not clear whether GnRH-secreting neurons are able to detect the availability of metabolic fuels directly or whether this information is relayed from detectors elsewhere in the brain. Although pregnancy is less affected by fuel availability, both lactational performance and maternal behaviors are highly responsive to the energy supply. When a reproductive attempt is made, changes in hormone secretion have dramatic effects on the partitioning and utilization of metabolic fuels. During ovulatory cycles and pregnancy, the ovaria…

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Crossref · 10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80183-6

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  • A suppression of estrus also occurs in fasting females where energy conservation is essential.

    “A suppression of estrus also occurs in fasting females where energy conservation is essential (Wade and Schneider, 1992).”

    From Human Vomeronasal Organ Function: A Critical Review of Best and Worst Cases (2001) · cites this paper as Wade and Schneider, 1992

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Authors
Wade, G. N., & Schneider, J. E.
Affiliations
University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
Corresponding author
Wade, George N.
ORCID
Schneider, Jill E.
Venue
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1992-06
Volume
16
Issue
2
Pages
235-272
ISSN
0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80183-6
OpenAlex
W2004945873
Cited by
686
References
538
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 26
FWCI
11.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01dk032976-09)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH 00321)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 32976)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 10873)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Keywords
energy metabolism, reproduction, female mammals, food deprivation, ovulation, estrous cycle, pregnancy, lactation, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, growth hormone, dietary intake, thermoregulation, maternal behavior
MeSH terms
Animals, Female, Humans, Mammals, Metabolism, Reproduction

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