The DOI matches its Crossref record; 90 of the 90 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Internalized homophobia and relationship quality among lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals.
Open accessAbstract
We examined the associations between internalized homophobia, outness, community connectedness, depressive symptoms, and relationship quality among a diverse community sample of 396 lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals. Structural equation models showed that internalized homophobia was associated with greater relationship problems both generally and among coupled participants independent of outness and community connectedness. Depressive symptoms mediated the association between internalized homophobia and relationship problems. This study improves current understandings of the association between internalized homophobia and relationship quality by distinguishing between the effects of the core construct of internalized homophobia and its correlates and outcomes. The findings are useful for counselors interested in interventions and treatment approaches to help LGB individuals cope with internalized homophobia and relationship problems.
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“While the development of cognitive biases, such as fears of gay-related rejection, may have been adaptive across some gay and bisexual men’s early development because it kept them safe from harm, such biases may be presently maladaptive especially in safer contexts (Pachankis & Goldfried, 2006) and might impair healthy relationships both with heterosexuals (e.g., Pachankis et al., 2008) and other”
From A transdiagnostic minority stress treatment approach for gay and bisexual men's syndemic health conditions (2015) · cites this paper as Frost & Meyer, 2009
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Cites
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999) · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705519909540118 · Cited by 108,788 · cited 2×
“…of freedom for the model (values less than three; Carmines & McIver, 1981); the root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA; values below .06; Hu & Bentler, 1999); standardized root-meansquare residual (SRMR; values below .08; Hu & Bentler, 1999); and the comparative fit index (CFI; values…”
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
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“We followed the two-step process recommended by Anderson and Gerbing (1988), which requires first demonstrating adequate fit of the measurement models using confirmatory factor analysis followed by testing the fit of the proposed structural models.”
“Stress: appraisal and coping,”
Folkman, S. (2013) · Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_215 · Cited by 27,833
Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being.
Ryff, C. D. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069 · Cited by 14,847 · cited 3×
“The three-item Positive Relations With Others scale was used, which is one of Ryff’s (Ryff, 1989; Ryff & Keyes, 1995) six psychological well-being scales.”
Meyer, I. H. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674 · Cited by 14,736 · cited 4×
“It is important to recognize that our conceptualization of internalized homophobia locates it as a social stressor that is related to negative social stigma surrounding LGB lives prevalent in society today (Meyer, 2003a).”
InfluentialSelf-citationMediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations.
Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.7.4.422 · Cited by 11,335 · cited 2×
“According to Shrout and Bolger (2002), if the bias-corrected 95% CIs around the estimates for the indirect effects do not contain 0, then it is possible to conclude that the indirect effects are statistically significant at the level of p .05.”
BackgroundMethodThe structure of psychological well-being revisited.
Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.69.4.719 · Cited by 10,285 · cited 4×
“…with what other researchers have found for this subscale and stems from the authors' desire to create a brief measure and maintain the multidimensionality of the overall psychological well-being construct at the expense of internal consistency (Chrouser Ahrens, & Ryff, 2006; Ryff & Keyes, 1995).”
InfluentialTesting Structural Equation Models.
Clogg, C. C., Bollen, K. A., & Long, J. S. (1995) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2580595 · Cited by 8,246
To parcel or not to parcel: Exploring the question, weighing the merits
Little, T. D., Cunningham, W. A., Shahar, G., & Widaman, K. F. (2002) · Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1207/s15328007sem0902_1 · Cited by 6,552
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Ouellette SC Dohrenwend BP 1998 The value and limitations of stress models in HIV/AIDS Adversity, stress, and psycho-pathology 142 160 New York Oxford University Press
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Internalized stigma among sexual minority adults: Insights from a social psychological perspective.
Herek, G. M., Gillis, J. R., & Cogan, J. C. (2009) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0014672 · Cited by 982
“…homophobia” and related constructs have reflected differing assumptions about exactly which phenomena should be considered direct manifestations of sexual self-stigma and which should be regarded as its antecedents, correlates, or consequences (e.g., Frost & Meyer, 2009; Shidlo, 1994).”
BackgroundMinority stress and physical health among sexual minority individuals
Frost, D. M., Lehavot, K., & Meyer, I. H. (2015) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-013-9523-8 · Cited by 665
“The current study included a modified version (presented in Frost & Meyer, 2009) that assessed how often participants have ‘‘wished you weren’t gay,’’ ‘‘felt alienated from yourself because of being gay,’’ and ‘‘felt that being gay is a personal shortcoming.’’”
MethodSelf-citationThe impact of minority stress on mental health and substance use among sexual minority women.
Lehavot, K., & Simoni, J. M. (2011) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0022839 · Cited by 652
“The measure has good face validity, construct validity, and internal consistency (Frost & Meyer, 2009).”
BackgroundPachankis, J. E., Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Rendina, H. J., Safren, S. A., & Parsons, J. T. (2015) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000037 · Cited by 619
Measuring Community Connectedness among Diverse Sexual Minority Populations
Frost, D. M., & Meyer, I. H. (2011) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2011.565427 · Cited by 561
“For example, intergenerational and life-course differences should be expected and may affect the measure's properties (Frost & Meyer, 2009 ; Kertzner et al, 2009 ; Van Dyke & Cress, 2006 ).”
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Frost, D. M., & Meyer, I. H.
- Affiliations
- The Graduate Center, CUNY (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Counseling Psychology
- Published
- 2009
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 97-109
- ISSN
- 0022-0167 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2168
- PMC
- PMC2678796
- OpenAlex
- W2128483459
- Cited by
- 781
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 60 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 34.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Counseling Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH066058-03)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Keywords
- internalized homophobia, relationship quality, relationship problems, outness, community ties, depressive symptoms, mediation, lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, LGB individuals
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