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Cited by 352Death Anxiety and Social ExclusionBullying, Victimization, and AggressionSocial and Intergroup Psychology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 72 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Motivations for prevention or promotion following social exclusion: being rejected versus being ignored

Molden, Daniel C., Lucas, Gale M., Gardner, Wendi L., Dean, Kristy, Knowles, Megan L.·2009·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
DOI 10.1037/a0012958
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Abstract

Social exclusion evokes powerful motivations and emotions. The present studies examined how these motivations and emotions might differ following exclusion that is explicit, active, and direct (i.e., when one is rejected) versus implicit, passive, and indirect (i.e., when one is ignored). It was hypothesized that being rejected should produce a sense of social loss and lead to more prevention-focused responses, including withdrawal from social contact, thoughts about actions one should not have taken, and increased feelings of agitation. In contrast, being ignored should produce a sense of failure to achieve social gain and lead to more promotion-focused responses, including reengagement in social contact, thoughts about actions one should have taken, and increased feelings of dejection. These hypotheses were supported across 4 studies in which people recalled or underwent experiences of being rejected or ignored. Past research on active versus passive exclusion is reexamined and found to be consistent with these hypotheses as well.

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Crossref · 10.1037/a0012958

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72 of 72 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Metadata

Authors
Molden, D. C., Lucas, G. M., Gardner, W. L., Dean, K., & Knowles, M. L.
Affiliations
  • Northwestern University (US)
  • University of Georgia (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
2009-02
Volume
96
Issue
2
Pages
415-431
ISSN
  • 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-1315
DOI
10.1037/a0012958
OpenAlex
W2158079757
Cited by
352
References
74
Citations by year
2026: 23 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 10
FWCI
16.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Keywords
social exclusion, rejection, prevention motivation, social loss, social benefits, social withdrawal, agitation, dejection
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Male, Motivation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Rejection, Psychology, Social Alienation, Social Perception, Thinking, Young Adult

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