The DOI matches its Crossref record; 133 of the 134 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Parental involvement in middle school: A meta-analytic assessment of the strategies that promote achievement.
Open accessAbstract
Early adolescence is often marked by changes in school context, family relationships, and developmental processes. In the context of these changes, academic performance often declines, while at the same time the long-term implications of academic performance increase. In promoting achievement across elementary and secondary school levels, the significant role of families, family-school relations, and parental involvement in education has been highlighted. Although there is a growing body of literature focusing on parental involvement in education during middle school, this research has not been systematically examined to determine which types of involvement have the strongest relation with achievement. The authors conducted a meta-analysis on the existing research on parental involvement in middle school to determine whether and which types of parental involvement are related to achievement. Across 50 studies, parental involvement was positively associated with achievement, with the exception of parental help with homework. Involvement that reflected academic socialization had the strongest positive association with achievement. Based on the known characteristics of the developmental stage and tasks of adolescence, strategies reflecting academic socialization are most consistent with the developmental stage of early adolescence.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Association between parental involvement and increased academic achievement in middle school, effect size = 0.18.”
From Critical connections: health and academics (2015) · cites this paper as [94]
In the citing paper
“Research has shown that students who have parents engaged in their school lives are more likely to have increased attendance, higher grades and test scores, better social skills, improved classroom behavior, and graduated high school.93–97”
From Critical connections: health and academics (2015) · cites this paper as [94]
In the citing paper
“These positive effects have been shown for elementary school, middle school, and high school students.”
From Critical connections: health and academics (2015) · cites this paper as [94]
In the citing paper
“Five review articles examined the association between family engagement and academic achievement.93–97”
From Critical connections: health and academics (2015) · cites this paper as [94]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Duval, S., & Tweedie, R. (2000) · Biometrics · doi:10.1111/j.0006-341x.2000.00455.x · Cited by 14,099
A Handbook of Child Psychology
(1932) · Nature · doi:10.1038/130331a0 · Cited by 10,133
Handbook of socialization theory and research
Grusec, J. E., & Hastings, P. D. (2007) · Cited by 5,003
Handbook of educational psychology
(1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-3084 · Cited by 4,850
Meta-Analytic Procedures for Social Research
Rosenthal, R. (1991) · doi:10.4135/9781412984997 · Cited by 4,635
Unequal childhoods: class, race, and family life
Lareau, A. P. (2004) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.41-4975 · Cited by 4,621
Meta-Analytic Procedures for Social Research.
Metcalfe, A., & Rosenthal, R. (1994) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series D (The Statistician) · doi:10.2307/2348600 · Cited by 4,249
Handbook of Adolescent Psychology
(2009) · doi:10.1002/9780470479193 · Cited by 2,938
Parental Involvement and Students' Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis
Fan, X., & Chen, M. (2001) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1023/a:1009048817385 · Cited by 2,648
Hughes, D., Rodriguez, J., Smith, E. P., Johnson, D. J., Stevenson, H. C., & Spicer, P. (2006) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.747 · Cited by 2,420
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 134 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Bouffard SM Hill NE Chao RK Tapping into technology: Using the Internet to promote family-school communication Families, schools, and the adolescent: Connecting research, policy, and practice 2009 147 161 Teachers College Press New York
- Chao RK Kanatsu A Stanoff N Padmawidjaja I Aque C Hill NE Chao RK Diversities in meaning and practice: The parental involvement of Asian immigrants Families, schools, and the adolescent: Connecting research, policy, and practice 2009 110 125 Teachers College Press New York
- Cooper H Cooper H The data analysis stage Synthesizing research 1998 2 104 156 Sage Publications Thousand Oaks, CA
- Harris A Students’ perceptions and attitudes toward parent involvement in academic homework and its relationship to academic achievement Dissertation Abstracts International 1990 51 4018 Florida State University Doctoral dissertation
- Hill NE Chao RK Families, schools, and the adolescent: Connecting research, policy, and practice 2009 Teachers College Press New York
- Hill NE Tyson DF Bromell L Hill NE Chao RK Parental involvement in middle school: Developmentally appropriate strategies across SES and ethnicity Families, schools, and the adolescent: Connecting research, policy, and practice 2009 53 72 Teachers College Press New York
- Hoover-Dempsey KV Ice CL Whitaker MC Hill NE Chao RK “We’re way past reading together”: Why and how parental involvement in adolescence makes sense Families, schools, and the adolescent: Connecting research, policy, and practice 2009 19 36 Teachers College Press New York
- Jones N Schneider B Hill NE Chao RK Rethinking the role of parenting: Promoting adolescent academic success and emotional well-being Families, schools, and the adolescent: Connecting research, policy, and practice 2009 73 90 Teachers College Press New York
- Keisner JW The effects of a parental homework monitoring intervention on school engagement of high risk middle school students Dissertation Abstracts International 1997 58 0980 University of Oregon Doctoral dissertation 1997
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 1,001–1,001 of 1,001
Variation in stakeholders’ views on homework and grading: A study to improve policy & practice
Link, L. J., Guskey, T. R., & Novosel-Lingat, J. E. M. (2023) · Improving Schools · doi:10.1177/13654802251325382 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Hill, N. E., & Tyson, D. F.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- ORCID
- Hill, Nancy E.
- Venue
- Developmental Psychology
- Published
- 2009
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 740-763
- ISSN
- 0012-1649 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-0599
- PMC
- PMC2782391
- OpenAlex
- W2126141278
- Cited by
- 2,170
- References
- 134
- Citations by year
- 2026: 140 · 2025: 184 · 2024: 151 · 2023: 149 · 2022: 141 · 2021: 152 · 2020: 197 · 2019: 166 · 2018: 179 · 2017: 120 · 2016: 140 · 2015: 128 · 2014: 94 · 2013: 102 · 2012: 61
- FWCI
- 177.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Developmental Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Duke University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Parental Involvement in Education
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
- Social Sciences › Education › Diverse Education Studies and Reforms
- Keywords
- parental involvement, junior high school, academic performance, early adolescence, academic socialization, school-family relations, homework help, adolescent development
- MeSH terms
- Achievement, Adolescent, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Education, Female, Humans, Learning, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Schools, Social Environment, Socialization, Parenting
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
