The relationship between stressors and creativity: a meta-analysis examining competing theoretical models
Abstract
Competing theoretical models and equivocal evidence leave unanswered questions regarding stressors' effect on creativity. The present meta-analysis of 76 experimental studies (including 82 independent samples) aims to clarify this association and identify factors that may explain differences between studies. Our results suggest that the effect of stressors on creative performance depends on how stress-inducing the stressor is and what type of stress is induced. We found a curvilinear relationship between evaluative stress and creativity such that low evaluative contexts increased creative performance over control conditions, whereas highly evaluative contexts decreased creative performance. We found a linearly negative relationship between uncontrollability and creativity such that more uncontrollability decreased creative performance. The results suggest that stressors' effect on creativity is more complex than previously assumed and points to the need for understanding boundary conditions that shed light on inconsistent findings.
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In a meta-analysis of cortisol reactivity, tasks coded as motivated performance situations were associated with a significant cortisol increase only when they were also coded as uncontrollable and not when the task was coded as controllable.
“In a meta-analysis of cortisol reactivity, tasks coded as motivated performance situations (i.e., active tasks) were associated with a significant cortisol increase only when they were also coded as uncontrollable and not when the task was coded as controllable (Byron et al., 2010).”
From More than a feeling: A unified view of stress measurement for population science (2018) · cites this paper as Byron et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Byron, K., Khazanchi, S., & Nazarian, D.
- Affiliations
- Syracuse University (US)
- Rochester Institute of Technology (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Psychology
- Published
- 2010-01
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 201-212
- ISSN
- 0021-9010 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1854
- OpenAlex
- W1966602601
- Cited by
- 491
- References
- 107
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 22.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Creativity in Education and Neuroscience
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- stress, creativity, creative performance, uncontrollability, curvilinear relationship, boundary conditions
- MeSH terms
- Creativity, Employee Performance Appraisal, Humans, Life Change Events, Psychological Theory, Workplace
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