The DOI matches its Crossref record; 54 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
How rude! Emotional labor as a mediator between customer incivility and employee outcomes.
Abstract
Because of the large number of people employed in service occupations, customer incivility has become an increasingly prevalent and important workplace stressor. Unfortunately, relatively little research has examined the effects of customer incivility; of the research that does exist, virtually all of it has focused solely on employee mental health outcomes. The present study was designed to replicate previous research linking customer incivility to the emotional exhaustion dimension of burnout and to expand on previous research by examining the effects of customer incivility on customer service quality. In addition, two models were proposed and tested in which emotional labor mediated the relationship between customer incivility and outcomes. Data from 120 bank tellers revealed that customer incivility was positively related to emotional exhaustion and negatively related to customer service performance. In addition, both proposed models were supported. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings and future directions are discussed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433
“Stress: appraisal and coping,”
Folkman, S. (2013) · Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_215 · Cited by 27,833
The Social Psychology of Organizations.
Hackman, J. R., Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1979) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2989929 · Cited by 12,235
A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects
MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G., & Sheets, V. (2002) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.7.1.83 · Cited by 9,406
Consequences of abusive supervision.
Tepper, B. J. (2000) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/1556375 · Cited by 3,810
A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout
Lee, R. T., & Ashforth, B. E. (1996) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.81.2.123 · Cited by 3,262 · cited 1×
“These findings are consistent with COR theory, as the theory predicts that emotional exhaustion occurs when people do not have adequate emotional resources to meet the demands of interpersonal stressors and/or work demands (Lee & Ashforth, 1996).”
ResultTit for Tat? The Spiraling Effect of Incivility in the Workplace
Andersson, L. M., & Pearson, C. M. (1999) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/259136 · Cited by 3,256
The Dimensions, Antecedents, and Consequences of Emotional Labor
Morris, J. A., & Feldman, D. C. (1996) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/259161 · Cited by 2,545
Emotional Labor and Burnout: Comparing Two Perspectives of “People Work”
Brotheridge, C. M., & Grandey, A. A. (2002) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1006/jvbe.2001.1815 · Cited by 2,352
Cited by
Emotional Labor at a Crossroads: Where Do We Go from Here?
Grandey, A. A., & Gabriel, A. S. (2015) · Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032414-111400 · Cited by 664
Sliter, M., SLITER, K., & Jex, S. (2012) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.767 · Cited by 508
Self-citationThe state of the heart: Emotional labor as emotion regulation reviewed and revised.
Grandey, A. A., & Melloy, R. C. (2017) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/ocp0000067 · Cited by 474
Moving emotional labor beyond surface and deep acting: A discordance–congruence perspective
Mesmer-Magnus, J. R., DeChurch, L. A., & Wax, A. (2012) · Organizational Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/2041386611417746 · Cited by 284
Walker, D. D., van Jaarsveld, D. D., & Skarlicki, D. P. (2014) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034350 · Cited by 251
Metadata
- Authors
- Sliter, M., Jex, S., Wolford, K., & McInnerney, J.
- Venue
- Journal of Occupational Health Psychology
- Published
- 2010-10
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 468-481
- ISSN
- 1076-8998 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1307
- OpenAlex
- W2066188371
- Cited by
- 503
- References
- 54
- FWCI
- 30.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: How rude! Emotional labor as a mediator between customer incivility and employee outcomes. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037/a0020723
- The paper
- Sliter, M., Jex, S., Wolford, K., & McInnerney, J. (2010). How rude! Emotional labor as a mediator between customer incivility and employee outcomes. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020723
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.