The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Subjective responses to emotional stimuli during labeling, reappraisal, and distraction
Open accessAbstract
Although multiple neuroimaging studies suggest that affect labeling (i.e., putting feelings into words) can dampen affect-related responses in the amygdala, the consequences of affect labeling have not been examined in other channels of emotional responding. We conducted four studies examining the effect of affect labeling on self-reported emotional experience. In study one, self-reported distress was lower during affect labeling, compared to passive watching, of negative emotional pictures. Studies two and three added reappraisal and distraction conditions, respectively. Affect labeling showed similar effects on self-reported distress as both of these intentional emotion regulation strategies. In each of the first three studies, however, participant predictions about the effects of affect labeling suggest that unlike reappraisal and distraction, people do not believe affect labeling to be an effective emotion regulation strategy. Even after having the experience of affect labels leading to lower distress, participants still predicted that affect labeling would increase distress in the future. Thus, affect labeling is best described as an incidental emotion regulation process. Finally, study four employed positive emotional pictures and here, affect labeling was associated with diminished self-reported pleasure, relative to passive watching. This suggests that affect labeling tends to dampen affective responses in general, rather than specifically alleviating negative affect.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Affect labeling, the act of putting feelings into words, is considered an ‘incidental’ or ‘implicit’ form of emotion regulation”
From Treatment for social anxiety disorder alters functional connectivity in emotion regulation neural circuitry (2017) · cites this paper as Lieberman et al., 2011
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Reappraisal was shown to decrease the experience of negative emotion (e.g., [23,24,25,26,27]) and of the associated sympathetic response (e.g., [24,25,27]).”
From Effects of differential strategies of emotion regulation (2019) · cites this paper as [23]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“has been shown to be an effective regulatory strategy, diminishing the intensity of emotional reactions to labeled stimuli (Kircanski et al., 2012; Lieberman et al., 2011; Niles et al., 2015; Tabibnia et al., 2008).”
From Treatment for social anxiety disorder alters functional connectivity in emotion regulation neural circuitry (2017) · cites this paper as Lieberman et al., 2011
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Affect labeling, the process of naming emotions, has been demonstrated to be an effective emotion regulation strategy, resulting in reductions in the intensity of emotional reactions to labeled stimuli (Lieberman, Inagaki, Tabibnia, & Crockett, 2011).”
From Changes in functional connectivity with cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder predict outcomes at follow-up (2020) · cites this paper as Lieberman, Inagaki, Tabibnia, & Crockett, 2011
In the citing paper
“The act of selecting the semantic label engages regions implicated in controlled processes (e.g. right vlPFC) and reduces behavioral (e.g. self-report) and neural (e.g. amygdala activity) markers of affective responding (Lieberman et al., 2007; Cohen and Lieberman, 2010; Lieberman et al., 2011; Payer et al., 2012; Torrisi et al., 2013; Burklund et al., 2014).”
From Explicit and implicit emotion regulation: a multi-level framework (2017) · cites this paper as Lieberman et al., 2011
In the citing paper
“Attention contributes to fear processing and the amygdala's response to stimuli is modulated by attention. Multiple studies have demonstrated that amygdala activity varies as a function of task demands.34,68,90–93”
From Neural Substrates of Childhood Anxiety Disorders (2012) · cites this paper as [91]
In the citing paper
“Neuroimaging studies using a passive viewing task—in which attention is not specifically constrained by the task—show greater amygdala activation than studies that use a specific task, such as gender discrimination or emotion rating.16,17”
From Neural Substrates of Childhood Anxiety Disorders (2012) · cites this paper as [91]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The cognitive control of emotion
OCHSNER, K., & GROSS, J. (2005) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.03.010 · Cited by 4,495
Editorial Office (1997) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1381/096089297765555359 · Cited by 3,941
Common regions of the human frontal lobe recruited by diverse cognitive demands
Duncan, J., & Owen, A. M. (2000) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01633-7 · Cited by 2,498
Whalen, P. J., Rauch, S. L., Etcoff, N. L., McInerney, S. C., Lee, M. B., & Jenike, M. A. (1998) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-01-00411.1998 · Cited by 2,205
Confronting a traumatic event: Toward an understanding of inhibition and disease.
Pennebaker, J. W., & Beall, S. K. (1986) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.95.3.274 · Cited by 2,074
Placebo-Induced Changes in fMRI in the Anticipation and Experience of Pain
Wager, T. D., Rilling, J. K., Smith, E. E., Sokolik, A., Casey, K. L., Davidson, R. J., Kosslyn, S. M., Rose, R. M., & Cohen, J. D. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1093065 · Cited by 1,992
Stop-signal inhibition disrupted by damage to right inferior frontal gyrus in humans
Aron, A. R., Fletcher, P. C., Bullmore, E. T., Sahakian, B. J., & Robbins, T. W. (2003) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1003 · Cited by 1,771
Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (1999) · Cited by 1,664
Immune neglect: A source of durability bias in affective forecasting.
Gilbert, D. T., Pinel, E. C., Wilson, T. D., Blumberg, S. J., & Wheatley, T. P. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.75.3.617 · Cited by 1,547
Experimental disclosure and its moderators: A meta-analysis.
Frattaroli, J. (2006) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.6.823 · Cited by 1,502
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 52 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Burklund L. J., Creswell J. D., Irwin M. R., & Lieberman M. D. (under review). Labeling your own emotions and reappraisal produce overlapping neural activity.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–288 of 288
Zhu, H., & Zhang, Y. (2026) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2026.100757 · Cited by 4
Linking Creative Self-Efficacy and Emotional Exhaustion: Mediation Through Cognitive Reappraisal
Kim, N. Y. (2024) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941241276397 · Cited by 6
Older and younger adult definitions of emotion terms: a mixed-method content analysis
Ready, R. E., Martins-Klein, B., & Orlovsky, I. (2020) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2020.1839864 · Cited by 4
What’s in an emotion word? The multiple roles of labeling in emotional functioning and well-being
Hoemann, K. (2024) · The Psychology of learning and motivation/The psychology of learning and motivation · doi:10.1016/bs.plm.2024.03.001 · Cited by 9
AffectTracker: real-time continuous rating of affective experience in immersive virtual reality
Fourcade, A., Malandrone, F., Roellecke, L., Ciston, A. B., de Mooij, J., Villringer, A., Carletto, S., & Gaebler, M. (2025) · Frontiers in Virtual Reality · doi:10.3389/frvir.2025.1567854 · Cited by 4
van der Schans, K. L., Kiggen, M. H. H., Tziafetas, K., Holland, R. W., & Karremans, J. C. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01940-5 · Cited by 3
Interpersonal Emotion Regulation in the Work of Financial Traders
Vohra, S. (2018) · Research on emotion in organizations · doi:10.1108/s1746-979120180000014013 · Cited by 3
Smirles, K. E., & Wilson, J. M. (2023) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-023-01426-1 · Cited by 4
de Guadalajara, U., Madera-Carrillo, H., de Rivera, D. Z. E., de Guadalajara, U., Ruiz-Díaz, M., de Guadalajara, U., de Nanclares, P. B. S., Universidad Humani Mundial, F. D. P., González, J. I. G., & de Guadalajara, U. (2022) · Revista Mexicana de Investigación en Psicología · doi:10.32870/rmip.v14i1.375 · Cited by 3
The role of emotion recognition in reappraisal affordances
Moyal, N., Glebov-Russinov, I., Henik, A., & Anholt, G. E. (2024) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-024-01966-5 · Cited by 3
Language limits the experience of emotions
Wood, A., & Niedenthal, P. M. (2015) · Physics of Life Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2015.04.031 · Cited by 3
Varma, S., Traynor, J. M., & Fitzpatrick, S. (2021) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2021.101712 · Cited by 6
Nielsen, B., Oddli, H. W., Slinning, K., & Drozd, F. (2024) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108048 · Cited by 3
Emotion differentiation and depressive symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Hong, X., Mao, L., Chen, J., Wu, Y., Li, P., & Hu, M. (2025) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-07195-8 · Cited by 2
Beyond happy and sad: Exploring granular affect labeling to enhance emotion regulation ability
Nguyen, M. H., Rajendran, D. P. D., & Nanayakkara, S. C. (2025) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103723 · Cited by 2
Randolph, J. J. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6605-5_6 · Cited by 2
The impact of affect labelling on responses to aversive flying-cues
Azoum, M., Clark, G. I., & Rock, A. J. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0194519 · Cited by 2
Creating Safe Environments for Traumatized Children in Schools
Dombo, E. A., & Sabatino, C. A. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190873806.003.0004 · Cited by 2
Perception of the AAC Graphic Symbols and SNS Emoticons for Emotional Words in Normal Adults
Lee, D., & Shin, S. (2020) · Eon'eo cheong'gag jang'ae yeon'gu/Communication sciences & disorders · doi:10.12963/csd.20721 · Cited by 2
Bernstein, A. F. (2019) · doi:10.7916/d8-ks03-ve37 · Cited by 2
Chai, H. (2017) · Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics · doi:10.1080/09720502.2017.1358873 · Cited by 2
Wang, X., Zhang, S., & Zhang, X. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1032384 · Cited by 2
Creativity in Research: Cultivate Clarity, Be Innovative, and Make Progress in your Research Journey
Ulibarrí, N., Cravens, A. E., Nabergoj, A. S., Kernbach, S., & Royalty, A. (2019) · Alexandria (UniSG) (University of St.Gallen) · Cited by 2
Uma intervenção com meditação para pacientes internados com transtorno alimentar
Stübing, K. (2016) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.5.2016.tde-03022016-094452 · Cited by 2
Effects of Affctive Ambiguity on Emotion Regulation through Affect LabelingPreprint
Matsuguma, M., Shirai, M., Miyatani, M., & Nakao, T. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/45rdu · Cited by 2
Symptoms of cardiovascular diseases in the course of mental disorders
Ostachowska, A., Popiołek, L., Walczewska, J., & Rutkowski, K. (2016) · Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy · doi:10.12740/app/60532 · Cited by 1
Verbalization has regulatory influences on autonomic activity during recall of unpleasant experience
Rantanen, A. P., Laukka, S. J., Siipo, A., Tiinanen, S., Tarvainen, M. P., Kortelainen, J., Lehtihalmes, M., & Seppänen, T. (2020) · Speech Communication · doi:10.1016/j.specom.2020.11.002 · Cited by 1
Schmid, C. (2024) · Journal of Communications In Healthcare · doi:10.1080/17538068.2024.2312720 · Cited by 1
Carpenter, S. M., & Roberts, N. A. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1554099 · Cited by 2
The Effect of Childhood Maltreatment on Affect Labeling in Youth: An ERP Study
Li, Y., Yue, P., & Shi, M. (2025) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.70929 · Cited by 1
Garg, A., Shelat, S., & Schooler, J. W. (2025) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-025-03388-3 · Cited by 3
Embracing the bodily felt affective experience: Experiential emotion regulation, a systematic review
Ionescu, A., Pascual‐Leone, A., & Vandekerckhove, M. M. P. (2025) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106456 · Cited by 1
373. Cue Labeling Reduces Cigarette Craving and Associated Neural Activity
Tabibnia, G., Ghahremani, D. G., Tindle, H. A., Creswell, J. D., Westbrook, C. A., Kraynak, T. E., Julson, E., & London, E. D. (2025) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2026.03.607 · Cited by 1
Self-citationShukla, M., & Mishra, A. (2026) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-026-09229-9 · Cited by 1
Mortezaei, A., McIntyre, C. M., Taylor, G. J., & Bagby, R. M. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16060854 · Cited by 1
Negative emotional granularity: Its mechanisms and related interventions
Weihao, Y. E., Meiqi, Y. U., ZHANG, L., Qi, G. A. O., Mingzhu, F. U., & Lu, J. (2023) · Advances in Psychological Science · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1042.2023.01030 · Cited by 1
More than emotion words: Linguistic and sociocultural cues on affective processes
Shablack, H. (2024) · The Psychology of learning and motivation/The psychology of learning and motivation · doi:10.1016/bs.plm.2024.03.005 · Cited by 1
Emotional Differentiation and Its Relationship to Emotion Regulation: Research Overview
Рассказова, М. (2024) · Journal of Modern Foreign Psychology · doi:10.17759/jmfp.2024130306 · Cited by 1
Rafy zarządzania. Ludzie różnią się od śrubokrętów
Wieczorkowska, G. (2025) · doi:10.7172/978-83-235-6888-9.swwz.26 · Cited by 1
Kreiser, I., Moyal, N., & Anholt, G. E. (2019) · PubMed Central · Cited by 1
Explicit and Implicit Emotion Regulation
Braunstein, L. M., & Ochsner, K. N. (2018) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119170174.epcn415 · Cited by 1
A new model for the implementation of positive and negative emotion recognitionPreprint
Sorinasa, J., Fernandez-Troyano, J. C., Val-Calvo, M., Vicente, J. M. F., & Fernández, E. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1905.00230 · Cited by 1
An Investigation of the Relation between Mindfulness and Self-Esteem Stability
Ford, C. G. (2019) · The Research Repository @ WVU (West Virginia University) · doi:10.33915/etd.4097 · Cited by 1
Anxiety and Depression from a Dynamic Systems PerspectivePreprint
Jeronimus, B. F. (2019) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/cdfby · Cited by 1
Lo, T. T., Verhagen, M., Pouwels, J. L., van Roekel, E., O'Brien, S. T., Debra, G., Braet, J., Vink, J. M., & Maciejewski, D. F. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/dk3e2 · Cited by 1
岳, 鹏. (2013) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2013.33018
The Role of a Positive Attention Bias in Resiliency to Negative Mood States
Arndt, J. E. (2014) · Libraries and Cultural Resources (University of Calgary) · doi:10.11575/prism/28319
Worry at Work: How State Anxiety Influences Negotiations, Advice, Reappraisal, and Performance
Brooks, A. W. (2013) · ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania)
Behaviorally Measuring Mindfulness: Evaluating Effort as an Index of Emotional Acceptance
Ferguson, A. M. (2017) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Tweet Moodifier: Towards giving emotional awareness to Twitter usersPreprint
Saldías-Fuentes, B., & Picard, R. W. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1907.11741
Neurobiological Effects of Context on Emotion Regulation
Shermohammed, M. (2019) · Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)
Consequences of expressed rumination
Borders, A. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812545-8.00006-1
Are They Real? Examining the Regulatory Effects of Non-Deceptive Placebos on Emotional Distress
Guevarra, D. A. (2019) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan)
Sperry, S. H., Eckland, N. S., & Kwapil, T. R. (2021) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/praq2
The Neurocommunicator’s Toolkit
McHale, L. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-7037-4_7
The Research of Affect Labeling: Concepts, Methods and Theories
王, 梅. (2022) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2022.122062
A Study of High and Low Behavior Inhibitory Control on Emotional Labeling Effect from ERPs
Hu, Y., & Yue, P. (2022) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2022.134039
Vallejo, M. Á., Rivera, J., & Vallejo-Slocker, L. (2021) · doi:10.2196/preprints.30207
Ulibarrí, N., Cravens, A. E., Nabergoj, A. S., Kernbach, S., & Royalty, A. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108594639.015
Der Werkzeugkasten des Neurokommunikators
McHale, L. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-5998-1_7
Pandey, R., & Bhat, R. M. (2023) · International Journal of All Research Education & Scientific Methods · doi:10.56025/ijaresm.2023.2806231501
Fritz, M. A. (2023) · Thesis Commons (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31237/osf.io/myezb · Cited by 1
A comparison of emotion regulation strategies’ effectiveness under cognitive fatigue
Churassamee, S., & Ariyabuddhiphongs, K. (2019) · Chula Digiverse · doi:10.58837/chula.the.2019.454
Affect labeling as a buffer: reducing anxiety in the face of violent news
Hemsley, P., & Pavão, L. (2024) · Applied Economics Letters · doi:10.1080/13504851.2024.2308569
Persia, S. M., & Carroll, A. P. (2024) · Journal of Occupational Therapy Education · doi:10.26681/jote.2024.080113 · Cited by 1
Emotion labelling strengthens readers’ emotional responses to online messages
Ilves, M., Syrjämäki, A. H., Olsson, T., Kiskola, J., Isokoski, P., Rantasila, A., Bente, G., & Surakka, V. (2024) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2024.2379552
Raio, C. M., Szuhany, K. L., Secmen, A., Mellis, A. M., Chen, A., Adhikari, S., Malgaroli, M., Miron, C. D., Jennings, E. L. M., Simon, N. M., et al. (2024) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.3473 · Cited by 3
Emotional parameter estimation from emo-soundscapes dataset using Deep Convolutional Autoencoders
Serradilla, F., Juan, J. H. C. S., & Martínez‐Íñigo, D. (2024) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-024-20275-y · Cited by 1
Jessup, S. C., Armstrong, T., Jakes, K. S., Dalmaijer, E. S., & Olatunji, B. O. (2025) · Journal of Experimental Psychopathology · doi:10.1177/20438087251345874
Language and Emotion Concepts in the Predictive Brain
Frye, N. G., & Lindquist, K. A. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009342919.019
Emotion Perception and Elicitation
Armony, J., & Vuilleumier, P. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009342919.012
Fujii, A., & Nakagawa, A. (2025) · JAPANESE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS · doi:10.4092/jsre.33.1_1
Li, S., Wang, Z., Li, Y., Su, J., Ru, T., Chen, Q., & Zhou, G. (2025) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/13803395.2025.2596936 · Cited by 1
The influence of negative emotion intensity on emotion labeling regulation effect: an ERP study
Wang, Q., Cui, L., Wei, P., & Zhang, Q. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2026.121183
Chen, J., van de Vijver, I., Kenemans, J. L., & Baas, J. M. P. (2026) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2026.2616636
Developing Intercultural Competence for Business: Challenges and Strategies
Chang, W.-W. (2026) · Chinese language learning sciences · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-5315-0_2
Affect Labeling and Reappraisal as an Emotion Regulation Strategy
Ariely, Y., Mokady, A., Reggev, N., & Anholt, G. E. (2026) · Affective Science · doi:10.1007/s42761-026-00362-z · Cited by 1
Batchelder, A. W., Glynn, T. R., Witkower, Z., Ruben, M. A., Traeger, L., Schaefer, H. S., Shin, H. J. J., Tracy, J. L., O'Cleirigh, C., & Moskowitz, J. (2026) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/13591053261449651
Jurcevic, I., Danbold, F., & Unzueta, M. M. (2026) · Public Administration Review · doi:10.1111/puar.70152
Narrative Safety: Semantic precision and somatic congruence as mechanisms of regulation
Kirstein, M. (2026) · New Ideas in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2026.101280
When Deeper Analysis Weakens Aesthetic Experience: Behavioral and Brain Network EvidencePreprint
Ha, L., Sun, C., & Tang, R. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.08.06.743328
The role of inferior parietal lobule in emotion dysregulation in bipolar disorder
Ellard, K. K., Zheng, J., Lenza, B., Sidelinger, L., Carr, C., Makhoul, W., & Sheline, Y. I. (2026) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2026.106939
Labeling Negative Comments on Online News: An Experimental Study
Kiskola, J., Qin, M., Andersson, E., Kuusisto, H., Syvänen, A., Olsson, T., Ilves, M., Kamppari, V., Isokoski, P., Bente, G., et al. (2026) · Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3829807.3829823
Mental Time Travel as a Mechanism of Cognitive Reappraisal
Vlasenko, V. (2026) · Digital Commons - DU (University of Denver) · doi:10.56902/etdcrp.2026.197
Wolfe, J. E. (2013) · DukeSpace (Duke University)
Metadata
- Authors
- Lieberman, M. D., Inagaki, T. K., Tabibnia, G., & Crockett, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Carnegie Mellon University (US)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Venue
- Emotion
- Published
- 2011-06
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 468-480
- ISSN
- 1528-3542 (ISSN-L)
- 1931-1516
- PMC
- PMC3444304
- OpenAlex
- W2140028386
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 7.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Emotion (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
- Keywords
- affect labeling, emotion regulation, cognitive reappraisal, distraction, subjective distress, amygdala
- MeSH terms
- Affect, Amygdala, Arousal, Attention, Emotions, Female, Humans, Judgment, Male, Photic Stimulation, Stress, Psychological, Young Adult, Emotional Intelligence
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
