The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Media use, face-to-face communication, media multitasking, and social well-being among 8-to 12-year-old girls
Abstract
An online survey of 3,461 North American girls ages 8-12 conducted in the summer of 2010 through Discovery Girls magazine examined the relationships between social well-being and young girls' media use--including video, video games, music listening, reading/homework, e-mailing/posting on social media sites, texting/instant messaging, and talking on phones/video chatting--and face-to-face communication. This study introduced both a more granular measure of media multitasking and a new comparative measure of media use versus time spent in face-to-face communication. Regression analyses indicated that negative social well-being was positively associated with levels of uses of media that are centrally about interpersonal interaction (e.g., phone, online communication) as well as uses of media that are not (e.g., video, music, and reading). Video use was particularly strongly associated with negative social well-being indicators. Media multitasking was also associated with negative social indicators. Conversely, face-to-face communication was strongly associated with positive social well-being. Cell phone ownership and having a television or computer in one's room had little direct association with children's socioemotional well-being. We hypothesize possible causes for these relationships, call for research designs to address causality, and outline possible implications of such findings for the social well-being of younger adolescents.
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“Other studies have even found that media multitasking poses a potential threat to the mental health of the public (10, 11).”
From Media multitasking, depression, and anxiety of college students: Serial mediating effects of attention control and negative information attentional bias (2022) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“and fewer feelings of normalcy (Pea et al., 2012).”
From The consequences of media multitasking for youth: A review (2015) · cites this paper as Pea et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“By contrast, both studies on social functioning found no relationship between media multitasking and social functioning (Pea et al., 2012;Shih, 2013).”
From The consequences of media multitasking for youth: A review (2015) · cites this paper as Pea et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“Moreover, the two studies on sleep showed that more media multitasking was related to less sleep, r = À.09 (Calamaro et al., 2009;Pea et al., 2012),”
From The consequences of media multitasking for youth: A review (2015) · cites this paper as Pea et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“the other two studies showed that media multitasking was related to problematic emotional functioning, r range = .05to .19.”
From The consequences of media multitasking for youth: A review (2015) · cites this paper as Pea et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“frequency of face-to-face communication, on the other hand, was associated with higher levels of social success.”
From Transformation of Adolescent Peer Relations in the Social Media Context: Part 1—A Theoretical Framework and Application to Dyadic Peer Relationships (2018) · cites this paper as Pea et al. 2012
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, in a cross-sectional study of preadolescent girls, those who engaged in higher levels of media multitasking showed lower levels of social success, including having fewer friends and feeling less accepted (Pea et al. 2012)”
From Transformation of Adolescent Peer Relations in the Social Media Context: Part 1—A Theoretical Framework and Application to Dyadic Peer Relationships (2018) · cites this paper as Pea et al. 2012
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Pescott, C. K. (2022) · Education 3-13 · doi:10.1080/03004279.2022.2095416 · Cited by 2
“Children ’ s wellbeing is an area of concern for both parents and teachers (Martin et al. 2018) since children and young people may crave acceptance and approval as they develop a sense of personal identity and development of relationships beyond the family (Pea et al. 2012).”
BackgroundMkperedem, A. A., Oye, J. A., Etta-Oyong, S. O., Adedayo, R. A., Ayomide, I. A.-L., Afolabi, A. O., Abang, C., Erondu, U. I., Ilesanmi, O. D., Asemokhai, O. A., et al. (2023) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-023-02080-4 · Cited by 2
Brkljačić, T., Lipovčan, L. K., & Prizmić‐Larsen, Z. (2018) · Advances in human and social aspects of technology book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-4168-4.ch007 · Cited by 2
Information Society and the Protective Influence of Security Culture
Piwowarski, J. (2020) · Advanced sciences and technologies for security applications · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-43253-9_13 · Cited by 2
Is social media use related to sleep quality, self-esteem, anxiety and depression in adolescence?
Scott, H. (2015) · e-space (Manchester Metropolitan University) · Cited by 2
Supporting Intentional Media Use in Families
Hiniker, A. (2017) · ResearchWorks at the University of Washington (University of Washington) · Cited by 2
Digital Tools, Spaces and Places as Mediators of Youth Work Practice
Melvin, J. (2017) · University of Brighton Repository (University of Brighton) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.25719.32160 · Cited by 2
Kim, J. (2021) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119576457.ch17 · Cited by 2
Valo, M. (2019) · Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.886 · Cited by 2
Promoting Personal and Public Health
Stokols, D. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803113-1.00005-3 · Cited by 2
Lau, P. H., & Carney, C. E. (2024) · Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/13591045241285586 · Cited by 1
“Moreover, other psychosocial factors such as social commitments and electronic use that can further exacerbate delayed schedules in adolescence (Hysing, Haugland, et al., 2015; Pea et al., 2012).”
Is It Time to Abandon the Media Multitasking Index?
Parry, D. A., & Fisher, J. T. (2025) · Journal of Media Psychology Theories Methods and Applications · doi:10.1027/1864-1105/a000470 · Cited by 1
“Media Addiction” in a 10-Year-Old Boy
Brown, S., Scharf, M. A., Bustos, C. E., Chavira, D. A., & Stein, M. T. (2013) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0b013e318295d9f5 · Cited by 1
Sexuality and Intimacy: Adolescent Development in the Digital Sphere
Hatchel, T. J., & Subrahmanyam, K. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-4585-92-7_12-1 · Cited by 1
Die bewahrpädagogische Medienkritik
Moser, H. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-23208-5_2 · Cited by 1
Pratama, D. F., Kelana, J. B., & Rahayu, G. D. S. (2021) · PrimaryEdu - Journal of Primary Education · doi:10.22460/pej.v5i1.2031 · Cited by 1
“…factors and parenting styles. environmental factors greatly affect children in playing and electronic media such as the internet also affects them as a means of playing so that children forget time, forget about their duties, forget to do homework, and so on (Pea et al., 2012); (Liu & Wang, 2016).”
Background“Media Addiction” in a 10-Year-Old Boy
Brown, S., Scharf, M. A., Bustos, C. E., Chavira, D. A., & Stein, M. T. (2017) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000000404 · Cited by 1
The Association of Internet Use with Subjective Well-Being: An Empirical Study Based on CGSS 2017
Yan, Y., Deng, Y., Perosanz, J. J. I., & Song, X. (2023) · Lecture notes in educational technology · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-0942-1_85 · Cited by 1
Zojaji, S., Matviienko, A., & Peters, C. (2024) · ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) · doi:10.1145/3610978.3640628 · Cited by 1
“Some studies have found that digital communication can evoke more negative emotions compared to in-person interactions [3, 21].”
BackgroundThe Relationship Between Media Literacy and Ethical Usage of Social Media among the Youth in Ghana
Dadzie, R. M., & Adjotor, F. N. (2022) · Journal of Communications Media And Society (JOCMAS) · doi:10.63772/jocmas.v8n1.5 · Cited by 1
“Substantial research on social media has centered on young people and their social media usage including, those mapping out young people’s exposure (Robert and Foehr, 2008; Ridout,2011; Pea et al., 2012; Chen, 2012), mental wellbeing (Stochat et al., 2010) and academic work (Levine et al., 2007).”
It's a Jungle Out There: The Biology of Facilitation
Marcy, J. B. (2013) · Cited by 1
Social anxiety disorder in adolescence and implications for school settings
Hunda, A. L. (2015) · Lu Zone Ul (Laurentian University) · Cited by 1
Tecnoliquidità: nuovi scenari (evolutivi?) per la salute mentale
Cantelmi, T., & Lambiase, E. (2017) · MODELLI DELLA MENTE · doi:10.3280/mdm1-2017oa4939 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Pea, R., Nass, C., Meheula, L., Rance, M., Kumar, A., Bamford, H., Nass, M., Simha, A., Stillerman, B., Yang, S., & Zhou, M.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Venue
- Developmental Psychology
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 327-336
- ISSN
- 0012-1649 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-0599
- OpenAlex
- W2118360093
- Cited by
- 375
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 136.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Developmental Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (NSF-0835854, NSF-0841556)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Child Development and Digital Technology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Communication › Media and Digital Communication
- Keywords
- media use, face-to-face communication, media multitasking, social well-being, social and emotional wellbeing, young girls, children, video use, video games, instant messaging, mobile phone ownership, social media, homework, reading, interpersonal communication
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child Behavior, Communication, Emotions, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Predictive Value of Tests, Regression Analysis, Sex Factors, Sleep, Video Recording, Electronic Mail, Social Media
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