The DOI matches its Crossref record; 84 of the 87 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Impostor feelings as a moderator and mediator of the relationship between perceived discrimination and mental health among racial/ethnic minority college students.
Open accessAbstract
This study investigated whether impostor feelings would both moderate and mediate the relationship between perceived discrimination and mental health in a sample of diverse ethnic minority college students (106 African Americans, 102 Asian Americans, 108 Latino/a Americans) at an urban public university. African American students reported higher perceived discrimination than Asian American and Latino/a American students, while no racial/ethnic group differences were reported for impostor feelings. Analyses revealed that among African American students, high levels of impostor feelings moderated the perceived discrimination and depression relationship and mediated the perceived discrimination and anxiety relationship. Among Asian American students, impostor feelings mediated the relationship between perceived discrimination and both depression and anxiety. Among Latino/a American students low levels of impostor feelings moderated the relationship between perceived discrimination and both depression and anxiety, and partially mediated the relationship between perceived discrimination and anxiety. Multigroup path analyses revealed a significantly stronger impact of impostor feelings on depression among African American students and a stronger impact of perceived discrimination on impostor feelings among African American and Latino/a American students. Clinical implications and future research directions are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This growing body of research suggests that Black emerging adults may be particularly vulnerable to cognitions of intellectual incompetence (Cokley et al., 2017)”
From Impostor Phenomenon and Psychological Well-Being: The Moderating Roles of John Henryism and School Racial Composition Among Black College Students (2020) · cites this paper as Cokley et al., 2017
In the citing paper
“IP has been argued to have a pronounced negative impact on the mental health of Black emerging adults (Cokley et al., 2017; Peteet et al., 2015).”
From Impostor Phenomenon and Psychological Well-Being: The Moderating Roles of John Henryism and School Racial Composition Among Black College Students (2020) · cites this paper as Cokley et al., 2017
In the citing paper
“IP research conducted at PWIs suggests that chronic exposure to negative race-related experiences that emphasize one’s minoritized and marginalized status may play a central role in intensifying cognitions of intellectual incompetence, thus increasing risk for poor psychological adjustment (Bernard et al., 2017; Cokley et al., 2017).”
From Impostor Phenomenon and Psychological Well-Being: The Moderating Roles of John Henryism and School Racial Composition Among Black College Students (2020) · cites this paper as Cokley et al., 2017
In the citing paper
“cross-sectional and longitudinal literature has linked IP to poor psychological adjustment outcomes including increases in psychological distress, anxiety and depressive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, and decreases in self-esteem (Austin et al., 2009; Bernard et al., 2017; Cokley et al., 2017; Lige et al., 2017; McClain et al., 2016; Peteet et al., 2015).”
From Impostor Phenomenon and Psychological Well-Being: The Moderating Roles of John Henryism and School Racial Composition Among Black College Students (2020) · cites this paper as Cokley et al., 2017
Citations
Cites
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/bf03193146 · Cited by 65,971
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.).
Lachenbruch, P. A., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2290095 · Cited by 37,421
Multiple regression: testing and interpreting interactions
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-3352 · Cited by 36,647
“Stress: appraisal and coping,”
Folkman, S. (2013) · Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_215 · Cited by 27,833
SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004) · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers · doi:10.3758/bf03206553 · Cited by 17,383
Racial Differences in Physical and Mental Health: Socio-economic Status, Stress and Discrimination
Williams, D. R., Yu, Y., Jackson, J. S., & Anderson, N. B. (1997) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/135910539700200305 · Cited by 4,786
Perceived discrimination and health: A meta-analytic review.
Pascoe, E. A., & Smart Richman, L. (2009) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0016059 · Cited by 4,427
Racism as a stressor for African Americans: A biopsychosocial model.
Clark, R., Anderson, N. B., Clark, V. R., & Williams, D. R. (1999) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.54.10.805 · Cited by 2,830
(2000) · The Journal of Negro Education · Cited by 2,472
Kessler, R. C., Mickelson, K. D., & Williams, D. R. (1999) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/2676349 · Cited by 2,262
Flagged first, then by citations
3 of the 87 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–241 of 241
MICROAGGRESSIONS TOWARD MINORITY UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND THEIR MENTAL HEALTH SYMPTOMS ONE YEAR LATER
Blume, A. W. (2022) · Psychological applications and trends · doi:10.36315/2022inpact002
Nguyen, S. L., & Shigeto, A. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_2332
Gardner, T. (2019) · doi:10.17760/d20316526
Impostor Syndrome in Graduate School
Bernard, D. L., & Stone‐Sabali, S. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108903264.006 · Cited by 1
Self-citationMcGee, E. (2020) · MOspace Institutional Repository (University of Missouri) · doi:10.32469/10355/91830
Zimbabwean parents' experiences of bearing and raising children in the UK
Machaka, R. (2021) · Sheffield Hallam University · doi:10.7190/shu-thesis-00489
Pracana, C., & Wang, M. (2022) · Advances in psychology and psychological trends · doi:10.36315/2022padviii07
Martinez, J. A., & Martinez-Gongora, K. (2023) · Advances in higher education and professional development book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-0708-3.ch009
Islamophobia Veiled as Impostorism
Rafie, Z. F., & Gossai, H. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-41424-4_4
Culturally relevant mentoring is important
Nguyen, T.-V. T. (2024) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-024-01880-1
Self-esteem and Impostor Syndrome among University Students
-, A. G., & Sharma, R. (2024) · Advanced International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research · doi:10.62127/aijmr.2024.v02i02.1035
Investing in Women Scientists: Accelerating Progress through Inclusive Science Writing
Gitta, S. N. (2024) · Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health · doi:10.37432/jieph.2024.7.1.106
Gao, J. (2025) · Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences · doi:10.2478/amns-2025-0476
Competitor ability, sorting and overconfidence: An experiment
Li, T., & NOUSSAIR, C. N. (2025) · Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics · doi:10.1016/j.socec.2025.102373
Deemer, E. D., Dotterer, A. M., Duhon, S. A., Derosa, P. A., Song, Y., Mehta, N. T., & Pruitt, V. (2025) · Journal of Black Psychology · doi:10.1177/00957984251349899
Amaral, D. N. (2025) · doi:10.33015/dominican.edu/2025.psy.st.04
Intersectional Microaggressions
Guerin, A. (2025) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-9914-9.ch002
Pervaiz, R., & Malik, T. A. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.09.09.25334787 · Cited by 1
The Effect of Socioeconomic Disadvantage on On-Time Graduation in 3 PharmD Programs
Lounsbury, N., Burmeister, M. A., Wende, H. M., Arric, L., & Perry, A. C. (2025) · American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education · doi:10.1016/j.ajpe.2025.101881
Fenómeno del Impostor, Apoyo Social y Mentalidad de Crecimiento en Estudiantes Graduados
Acevedo-Rodríguez, S., Rosario-Rodríguez, A., & Félix, Á. M. C. (2025) · Revista Caribeña de Psicología · doi:10.37226/rcp.v9i1.9591
Aqsa, N., Pownall, M., & Harris, R. J. (2025) · Equity in Education & Society · doi:10.1177/27526461251387268 · Cited by 2
“Because Representation Matters”
Rogers, K. D., Crawford, J., & Stephens, R. (2023) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/979-8-88730-177-820251012
Improving post-pandemic online learning experiences for minority students: An exploratory study
Cramer, E. M., Kwitonda, J. C., Sun, W., & Hazzazi, N. (2025) · Learning Environments Research · doi:10.1007/s10984-025-09562-z · Cited by 1
Pulliam, N., Smith, V., Bethea, L. N., Nicholson, W., & O’Brien, L. (2026) · Journal of College Student Mental Health · doi:10.1080/28367138.2025.2604479 · Cited by 1
Farmer, A., Holland, N. D., Alvarado, D., & Cokley, K. (2026) · Journal of Black Psychology · doi:10.1177/00957984261422869 · Cited by 1
Self-citationSuh, H. N. (2026) · Counselling Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1080/09515070.2026.2635413
Muğlu, A. S., & Kuyumcu, B. E. (2026) · Child & Youth Services · doi:10.1080/0145935x.2026.2639476
Kananifar, N., & Garcia, D. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-46843-w
Goldstein, A. L., Green, D. S., Hsiung, N., Dhaliwal, M. L., Hamza, C. A., & Chen, C. P. (2026) · Journal of College Student Mental Health · doi:10.1080/28367138.2026.2657475
Confronting the Racialized Context of Mentoring on Campus
Foste, Z., & Whitehead, M. A. (2026) · About Campus Enriching the Student Learning Experience · doi:10.1177/10864822261430711
Sharma, S., Singh, S., & Ahuja, K. K. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-04782-1
Prevalence and Correlates of Impostor Syndrome and Self-Esteem among Medical Students
Zafar, M., Albeladi, N. M., Alrashidi, N. M., Alrashidi, A. R., Alanazi, S. A., Alharbi, M. J., Almijrad, S. A., & Mulla, R. M. (2026) · International Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_291_25
Kerr, Z. Y., Sgarlata, E. P., Dennis, J. D., Turner, J. A., Nedimyer, A. K., & Courtney, J. B. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0346391
Arora, E., Sadek, W., & Bielawski, J. P. (2026) · Canadian Journal of Science Mathematics and Technology Education · doi:10.1007/s42330-026-00492-3
Aras, I., Fitri, A., Retno, A., Nurdin, -, F., Suhendra, I., & Romadhon, D. N. A. (2026) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.187341.1
Kim, K. H., & Chou, J. C. (2026) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2026.2718424
Effectiveness of Mindfulness in the Regulation of Stress in Middle School Students: A PRISMA Review
Ordoñez, J., Calispa, J., & Nole, B. (2026) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-27541-7_2
Osam, K., & Dillard, N. (2026) · New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development · doi:10.1177/19394225261476294
Barriers Black-Identifying Students Encounter when Accessing Postsecondary Education in Ontario
Walker, A. J. (2026) · YU-WRITE Journal of Graduate Student Research in Education · doi:10.25071/28169344.185
Ateyah, W. A., Abraczinskas, M., Badio, K. S., Lockett, G. M., Zhou, A. Q., Patel, R., Vines, E., Gibaldi, H. R., Abreu, R. L., Graber, J. A., et al. (2026) · Journal of Prevention and Health Promotion · doi:10.1177/26320770261484177
Metadata
- Authors
- Cokley, K., Smith, L., Bernard, D., Hurst, A., Jackson, S., Stone, S., Awosogba, O., Saucer, C., Bailey, M., & Roberts, D.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Counseling Psychology
- Published
- 2017-03
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 141-154
- ISSN
- 0022-0167 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2168
- OpenAlex
- W2593856678
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 34.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Counseling Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
- Keywords
- perceived discrimination, mental health, depression, anxiety, African American students, Asian American students, moderation, mediation, ethnic minority students
- MeSH terms
- Achievement, Adolescent, Adult, Mental Disorders, Culture, Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Middle Aged, Minority Groups, Self Concept, Social Perception, Students, Southwestern United States, Young Adult, Racism
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
