Identity and the body: Trajectories of body esteem from adolescence to emerging adulthood
Abstract
Although Erikson (1968) originally conceptualized identity development as a process of becoming at home in one's body, little work has been done linking identity development and research on the body. This study examines how trajectories of the development of body esteem over time are related to young people's sense of identity and psychological functioning in a longitudinal sample from age 10 to 24 (N = 967). Using group-based trajectory modeling, three cubic subgroups were determined for each of the three types of body esteem: appearance, weight, and attribution. These groups demonstrated significant variations in the ways in which body esteem changes over time. These trajectory groups importantly differed in relationship to gender, identity coherence, identity confusion, and psychological functioning. Results are discussed in terms of the need to use a sociocultural perspective to explore the body's relation to identity development and the importance of disaggregating mean-level findings using person-centered approaches to determine high-risk groups. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Longitudinal studies have demonstrated that females are likely to experience moderate to sharp declines in body esteem around the ages of 10 to 13 years, but their body esteem stabilizes by age 20.
“longitudinal studies have demonstrated that females are likely to experience moderate to sharp declines in body esteem around the ages of 10 to 13 years, but their body esteem stabilizes by age 20 [22,23].”
From Effects of Social Media and Smartphone Use on Body Esteem in Female Adolescents: Testing a Cognitive and Affective Model (2020) · cites this paper as [23]
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Gender and Adolescent Development across Cultures
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Identity Development Processes
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- Authors
- Nelson, S. C., Kling, J., Wängqvist, M., Frisén, A., & Syed, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Venue
- Developmental Psychology
- Published
- 2018-06
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1159-1171
- ISSN
- 0012-1649 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-0599
- OpenAlex
- W2796295388
- Cited by
- 151
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 40.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Developmental Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- FORTE—Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies
- Keywords
- body esteem, identity construction, adolescence, emerging adulthood, appearance, weight, attribution, identity coherence, identity confusion, gender differences, psychological functioning, person-centered approach, sociocultural perspective
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Body Weight, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self Concept, Social Perception, Self Report
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