The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Reforms as experiments.
Abstract
Nach Campbell gibt es fur die Mehrzahl sozialer Pragramme noch immer keine interpretierbaren Evaluationen. Sein Artikel befast sich mit den Grunden dafur und versucht Wege aufzuzeigen, wie dies geandert werden konnte. Problem: Fur viele Reformen wird abgestimmt, als sei bereits sicher, das die gewunschte Wirkung auftritt. Zeigen die Ergebnisse spater etwas anderes an, last dies den Politiker unglaubwurdig wirken. Losungsvorschlag: Der Autor wunscht sich eine Politik, in der das Augenmerk nicht mehr auf die einzelnen Programme gerichtet ist, sondern auf die dahinter liegenden Probleme. Ziel sollte es sein, das Problem zu beseitigen. Wirkt ein bestimmtes Programm nicht, so konnten weitere Methoden ausprobiert werden.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix.
Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0046016 · Cited by 17,116
Self-citationRegression-discontinuity analysis: An alternative to the ex post facto experiment.
Thistlethwaite, D. L., & Campbell, D. T. (1960) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0044319 · Cited by 1,469
Self-citationAn extension of control group design
Solomon, R. L. (1949) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0062958 · Cited by 541
Cited by
Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion
Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2009) · doi:10.1515/9781400829828 · Cited by 9,467
On the psychology of prediction.
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1973) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0034747 · Cited by 6,202
Lord, C. G., Ross, L., & Lepper, M. R. (1979) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.11.2098 · Cited by 4,583
Assessment of client/patient satisfaction: development of a general scale
Larsen, D. L., Attkisson, C. C., Hargreaves, W. A., & Nguyen, T. D. (1979) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/0149-7189(79)90094-6 · Cited by 2,887
Angrist, J. D., & Krueger, A. B. (2001) · Journal of Economic Perspectives · doi:10.1257/jep.15.4.69 · Cited by 2,355
Metadata
- Authors
- Campbell, D. T.
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 1969-04
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 409-429
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- OpenAlex
- W2026575291
- Cited by
- 1,885
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 31.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
