Effects of embarrassment on behavior toward others.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
After females are embarrassed by engaging in silly behaviors in the presence of an audience, they are especially likely to engage in a helpful act, even if no witnesses to their silly behavior would know of their helpfulness.
“Apsler (1975) found that, after females were embarrassed by engaging in a series of silly behaviors in the presence of an audience, they were especially likely to engage in a helpful act, even if no witnesses to their silly behavior would know of their helpfulness.”
From The Causes and Consequences of a Need for Self-Esteem: A Terror Management Theory (1986) · cites this paper as Apsler, 1975
Cites
The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life.
Naegele, K. D., & Goffman, E. (1956) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2089106 · Cited by 26,021 · see citing works
Goffman, E. (1955) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00332747.1955.11023008 · Cited by 2,878 · see citing works
Beech, H. R. (1963) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(63)90032-1 · Cited by 1,559 · see citing works
Effect of feeling good on helping: cookies and kindness.
Isen, A., & Levin, P. F. (1972) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0032317 · Cited by 1,130 · see citing works
Embarrassment and Social Organization
Goffman, E. (1956) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/222003 · Cited by 841 · see citing works
Transgression and altruism: A case for hedonism
Cialdini, R. B., Darby, B. L., & Vincent, J. E. (1973) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(73)90031-0 · Cited by 522 · see citing works
Success, failure, attention, and reaction to others: The warm glow of success.
Isen, A. M. (1970) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0029610 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
Embarrassment and the Analysis of Role Requirements
Gross, E., & Stone, G. P. (1964) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/223733 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
The effects of need to maintain face on interpersonal bargaining
Brown, B. R. (1968) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(68)90053-x · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Embarrassment, facework, and eye contact: Testing a theory of embarrassment.
Modigliani, A. (1971) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0030460 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Brown, B. R., & Garland, H. (1971) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(71)90011-4 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Face-saving following experimentally induced embarrassment
Brown, B. R. (1970) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(70)90061-2 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Embarrassment: Its Variable and Invariable Aspects
Weinberg, M. S. (1968) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2574886 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
A THEORETICAL, DEVELOPMENTAL, AND CLINICAL INVESTIGATION OF EMBARRASSMENT.
Jm, S. (1965) · PubMed · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Impression management: A literature review and two-component model.
Leary, M. R., & Kowalski, R. M. (1990) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.107.1.34 · Cited by 3,334 · see citing works
The Causes and Consequences of a Need for Self-Esteem: A Terror Management Theory
Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., & Solomon, S. (1986) · Public Self and Private Self · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9564-5_10 · Cited by 2,326 · see citing works
Is there a universal need for positive self-regard?
Heine, S. J., Lehman, D. R., Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1999) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.106.4.766 · Cited by 2,247 · see citing works
Toward a self‐evaluation maintenance model of social behavior
Tesser, A. (1988) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60227-0 · Cited by 1,878 · see citing works
Solomon, S., Greenberg, J., & Pyszczynski, T. (1991) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60328-7 · Cited by 1,296 · see citing works
A self-presentational view of social phenomena.
Baumeister, R. F. (1982) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.91.1.3 · Cited by 1,481 · see citing works
Emotion and Social Life: A Symbolic Interactionist Analysis
Shott, S. (1979) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/226936 · Cited by 680 · see citing works
Why Do We Need What We Need? A Terror Management Perspective on the Roots of Human Social Motivation
Pyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., & Solomon, S. (1997) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli0801_1 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
Cialdini, R. B., & Kenrick, D. T. (1976) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.34.5.907 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
When self-presentation is constrained by the target's knowledge: Consistency and compensation.
Baumeister, R. F., & JONES, E. E. (1978) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.36.6.608 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Alfano, M. (2013) · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139208536 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
INTERPERSONAL FUNCTIONS OF THE SELF-ESTEEM MOTIVE THE SELF-ESTEEM SYSTEM AS A SOCIOMETER
Leary, M. R., & Downs, D. L. (1995) · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Miller, C. (2013) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199674350.001.0001 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Kamins, M. A., Marks, L. J., & Skinner, D. (1991) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.1991.10673209 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
The Concept and Dynamics of Face: Implications for Organizational Behavior in Asia
Kim, J. Y., & Nam, S. H. (1998) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.9.4.522 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Interpersonal Functions of the Self-Esteem Motive
Leary, M. R., & Downs, D. L. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1280-0_7 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Explanation of the relation between negative mood and helping.
Carlson, M. E., & Miller, N. (1987) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.102.1.91 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Cultural Differences in Self-Evaluation
Heine, S. J., Kitayama, S., & Lehman, D. R. (2001) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022101032004004 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Mueller, J., & Kamdar, D. (2010) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0021574 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Cardiovascular responses of embarrassment and effects of emotional suppression in a social setting
Harris, C. R. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.81.5.886 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Miller, R. S. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.53.6.1061 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
The Nature and Severity of Self-Reported Embarrassing Circumstances
Miller, R. S. (1992) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167292182010 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Nasby, W., & Yando, R. (1982) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.43.6.1244 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Attitude bolstering when behavior is inconsistent with central attitudes
Sherman, S. J., & Gorkin, L. (1980) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(80)90030-x · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Jackson, J. M., & Latané, B. (1981) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.40.1.73 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Gratitude in University Students in Japan and Thailand
Naito, T., Wangwan, J., & Tani, M. (2005) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022104272904 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
The Motivated Expression of Embarrassment Following a Self‐Presentational Predicament
Leary, M. R., Landel, J. L., & Patton, K. M. (1996) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00524.x · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Zhu, Y., & Kanjanamekanant, K. (2020) · Information & Management · doi:10.1016/j.im.2020.103314 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Warren, D. E., & Smith‐Crowe, K. (2008) · Research in Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.riob.2008.04.004 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
A Review of Consumer Embarrassment as a Public and Private Emotion
Krishna, A., Herd, K. B., & Aydınoğlu, N. Z. (2018) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcpy.1086 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Kowalski, R. M., & Leary, M. R. (1990) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(90)90042-k · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Embarrassment: The state of research
Edelmann, R. J. (1981) · Current Psychological Reviews · doi:10.1007/bf02979260 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Consumer Reactions to Attractive Service Providers: Approach or Avoid?
Wan, L. C., & Wyer, R. S. (2015) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1093/jcr/ucv044 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Exploring Entrainment Patterns of Human Emotion in Social Media
He, S., Zheng, X., Zeng, D. D., Luo, C., & Zhang, Z. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150630 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Empathy neglect: Reconciling the spotlight effect and the correspondence bias.
Nicholas Epley, A., Savitsky, K., & Gilovich, T. D. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.2.300 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Smith‐Crowe, K., & Warren, D. E. (2014) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2014.0896 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Taking your place or matching your face: Two paths to empathic embarrassment.
Hawk, S. T., Fischer, A. H., & Kleef, G. A. V. (2011) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0022762 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Song, X., Huang, F., & Li, X. (2016) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2016.05.001 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Social Psychology, Mood, and Helping: Mixed Results for Virtue Ethics
Miller, C. (2009) · The Journal of Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10892-009-9046-2 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
The Social Stigma of Menstruation: Fact or Fiction?
Kowalski, R. M., & Chapple, T. (2000) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2000.tb01023.x · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Wegner, D. M., & Schaefer, D. (1978) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.36.2.147 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Interpersonal assertiveness: Inside the balancing act
Ames, D., Lee, A. J., & Wazlawek, A. S. (2017) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12317 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
The publicly self‐consciousness consumer: Prepared to be embarrassed
Lau‐Gesk, L., & Drolet, A. L. (2008) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2008.01.007 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Brenner, B. E., Van, D. C., Cheng, D., & Lazar, E. J. (1997) · Resuscitation · doi:10.1016/s0300-9572(97)00047-6 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Rogers, M., Miller, N., Mayer, F. S., & Duval, S. (1982) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.43.5.956 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Compliance and Mood: A Field Investigation of the Impact of Embarrassment
Cann, A., & Blackwelder, J. G. (1984) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.1984.9923681 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Empathy, social psychology, and global helping traits
Miller, C. (2007) · Philosophical Studies · doi:10.1007/s11098-007-9185-x · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Dong, P., Huang, X., & Wyer, R. S. (2013) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797613482946 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Character Traits, Social Psychology, and Impediments to Helping Behavior
Miller, C. (2011) · Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy · doi:10.26556/jesp.v5i1.49 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Valid theory-testing meta-analyses further question the negative state relief model of helping.
Miller, N., & Carlson, M. E. (1990) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.215 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
An Interactionist Approach to Aggression
Felson, R. B. (1981) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-685180-9.50014-2 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Test of Socially Motivated Underachievement: “Letting Up” for Others
White, P. H., Sanbonmatsu, D. M., Croyle, R. T., & Smittipatana, S. (2002) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1006/jesp.2001.1495 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Sharkey, W. F., & Stafford, L. (1990) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1990.tb00235.x · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Li, Y.-Q., Xie, L.-S., Gao, T., & Guan, X.-H. (2019) · Journal of Services Marketing · doi:10.1108/jsm-05-2018-0140 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Cheng, J.-W., Chiu, W.-L., Chang, Y., & Johnstone, S. (2014) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.2013.818929 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Emotion as Adaptive Interpersonal Communication
Miller, R. S. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511819568.006 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Communication strategies to reduce embarrassment differences between men and women
Petronio, S. (1984) · Western Journal of Speech Communication · doi:10.1080/10570318409374139 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Embarrassment: A Form of Social Pain
Harris, C. R. (2006) · American Scientist · doi:10.1511/2006.62.1009 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Neurocomputational mechanisms of affected beliefs
Müller‐Pinzler, L., Czekalla, N., Mayer, A. V., Schröder, A., Stolz, D. S., Paulus, F. M., & Krach, S. (2022) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-022-04165-3 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Helping Behavior as Affected by Type of Request and Identity of Caller
Boice, K., & Goldman, M. (1981) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.1981.9711992 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Men, shame and antisocial behavior: A psychodynamic perspective
Wright, F. (1987) · Group · doi:10.1007/bf01459389 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
The Perception of “Live” Embarrassment: A Social Relations Analysis of Class Presentations
Marcus, D. K. (1999) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/026999399379393 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Agent-Regret and the Social Practice of Moral Luck
MacKenzie, J. (2017) · Res Philosophica · doi:10.11612/resphil.1496 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
On the Convergence of Public and Private Aspects of Self
Tesser, A., & Moore, J. S. (1986) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9564-5_5 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Embarrassment and Helping Behavior
Levin, J., & Arluke, A. B. (1982) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1982.51.3.999 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Marcus, D. K., Wilson, J. R., & Miller, R. S. (1996) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/01461672962212003 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Embarrassment and Social Anxiety Disorder: Fraternal Twins or Distant Cousins?
Miller, R. S. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394427-6.00005-4 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The interactive origins and outcomes of embarrassment
Miller, R. S. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139012850.013 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Enraged and Engaged? Emotions as Motives for Discussing Politics
Wolak, J., & Sokhey, A. E. (2021) · American Politics Research · doi:10.1177/1532673x211042288 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Øverup, C. S., Brunson, J. A., & Acitelli, L. K. (2015) · The Journal of General Psychology · doi:10.1080/00221309.2015.1065787 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-reflection, mood, and helpful behavior
Kidd, R. F., & Marshall, L. L. (1982) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/0092-6566(82)90029-0 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Independent Threats and Self-Evaluation Maintenance Processes
Tesser, A., & Moore, J. (1990) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.1990.9922960 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Use of Meta-Analysis for Testing Theory
Miller, N., & Pollock, V. E. (1995) · Evaluation & the Health Professions · doi:10.1177/016327879501800403 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Olejnik, A. B., & LaRue, A. A. (1980) · Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal · doi:10.2224/sbp.1980.8.1.75 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
From discomfort to desirable: The effect of embarrassment on prosocial consumption
Sangwan, V., Maity, M., Tripathi, S., & Chakraborty, A. (2024) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.22012 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Are Embarrassment and Social Anxiety Disorder Merely Distant Cousins, or Are They Closer Kin?
Miller, R. S. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-375096-9.00004-3 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Antisocial and prosocial behavior among contemporary Robin Hoods
Wallbank, J. (1985) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(85)90025-x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Why Would Anyone Want to Intentionally Embarrass me?
Sharkey, W. F. (1997) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-9354-3_4 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Miller, C. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199674350.003.0002 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Miller, R. S. (1986) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0525-3_22 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The role of shame, guilt and embarrassment in online social dilemmas
Vasalou, A., Joinson, A., & Pitt, J. V. (2006) · Open Research Online (The Open University) · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Bradford, L., & Petronio, S. (1996) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012057770-5/50006-0 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Kim, Y. W., & Gonzales, A. L. (2018) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.025 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The Sociology of Gossip and Small Talk: A Metatheory
Rajačić, A. B., Kišjuhas, A., & škoric, M. (2020) · Sociológia - Slovak Sociological Review · doi:10.31577/sociologia.2020.52.6.23 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Beyond Belief Updating: A Framework for Self-Belief FormationPreprint
Krach, S., Müller‐Pinzler, L., Czekalla, N., Schröder, A., Wilhelm, I., Luebber, F., Rademacher, L., Stolz, D. S., Paulus, F. M., & Mayer, A. V. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/2y5tv · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Struthers, C. W., Santelli, A. G., Khoury, C., Pang, M., Young, R., Kashefi, Y., Marjanovic, Z., Phills, C. E., Nash, K. A., & Vasquez, N. A. (2014) · Journal of Language and Social Psychology · doi:10.1177/0261927x14520983 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
When Will Annoying Phone Calls Be Listened to?: Effects of Sex, Tone of Voice, and Time of Day
Sileo, F. J., & Kayson, W. A. (1988) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1988.62.2.351 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Lin, S.-C. (2021) · IJIIS International Journal of Informatics and Information Systems · doi:10.47738/ijiis.v4i3.115 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Culture and the need for positive self-regard : the Japanese case
Heine, S. J. (2009) · cIRcle (University of British Columbia) · doi:10.14288/1.0087902 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Maire, H., & Agnoletti, M.-F. (2020) · European Review of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.erap.2020.100525 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Tang, H.-S., Li, L., Zheng, L., Guo, X.-Y., & Qian, H.-Y. (2023) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01201-7 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Embarrassment as a public vs. private emotion and symbolic coping behaviour
Soliman, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1437298 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Dismuke, A. N., & Pond, R. S. (2024) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2024.43.5.445 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Two phenomena behind the terminology of face
Lacroix, R. (2023) · Journal of Politeness Research · doi:10.1515/pr-2022-0044 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
L’embarras, émotion ambivalente et complexe : une présentation théorique
Maire, H., Agnoletti, M., & Zagar, D. (2019) · L’Année psychologique · doi:10.3917/anpsy1.192.0199 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
A biosocial perspective on embarrassment
Darby, R. S., & Harris, C. R. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139012850.010 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
You can Neither Remember nor Forget what You do not Understand
Peterson, J. B., & Djikic, M. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203787816-6 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Antecedents of and Engagement in Impression Management Tactics Among College Students
Valerius, L., & Parr, M. G. (1997) · SCHOLE A Journal of Leisure Studies and Recreation Education · doi:10.1080/1937156x.1997.11949409 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Guilt, Embarrassment, and the Existence of Character Traits
Miller, C. (2011) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230305885_9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Apsler, R.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Apsler, Robert
- ORCID
- Apsler, Robert
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1975-07
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 145-153
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2031621032
- Cited by
- 134
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Forgiveness and Related Behaviors
- Keywords
- embarrassment, social behavior, interpersonal behavior, self-presentation, self-consciousness
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review