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The experience of aloneness, object representation, and evocative memory in borderline and neurotic patients.
Abstract
Psychoanalytically oriented theorists have repeatedly reported observing in patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder severe pathology in the capacity to utilize internalized imagery as a source of self-soothing. Empirical support was provided for this observation: Borderline patients demonstrated a developmentally lower capacity for object representation and evocative memory of affective object relationships, fewer positively toned representations, and a more pervasive experience of aloneness than patients with neurotic character pathology. Moreover, the experience of aloneness was the strongest clinical predictor of diagnosis, supporting the contention that inner emptiness or aloneness may be central to these patients' subjective experience.
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“Loneliness has been associated with personality disorders and psychoses [23–25]”
From Loneliness matters: a theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms (2010) · cites this paper as [25]
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Loneliness matters: a theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms
Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-010-9210-8 · Cited by 4,782
“Loneliness has been associated with personality disorders and psychoses [23–25], suicide [26], impaired cognitive performance and cognitive decline over time [27–29], increased risk of Alzheimer’s Disease [29], diminished executive control [30, 31], and increases in depressive symptoms [32–35].”
Cacioppo, J. T., Hawkley, L. C., & Thisted, R. A. (2010) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0017216 · Cited by 1,757
Mushtaq, R. (2014) · JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH · doi:10.7860/jcdr/2014/10077.4828 · Cited by 622
Social isolation in mental health: a conceptual and methodological review
Wang, J., Lloyd-Evans, B., Giacco, D., Forsyth, R., Nebo, C., Mann, F., & Johnson, S. (2017) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-017-1446-1 · Cited by 462
On the reciprocal association between loneliness and subjective well-being
VanderWeele, T. J., Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2012) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kws173 · Cited by 187
Metadata
- Authors
- Richman, N. E., & Sokolove, R. L.
- Venue
- Psychoanalytic Psychology
- Published
- 1992
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 77-91
- ISSN
- 0736-9735 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1331
- OpenAlex
- W2070137262
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychoanalytic Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- borderline personality disorder, object representation, self-soothing, inner emptiness, diagnostic prediction
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Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The experience of aloneness, object representation, and evocative memory in borderline and neurotic patients. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037/h0079323
- The paper
- Richman, N. E., & Sokolove, R. L. (1992). The experience of aloneness, object representation, and evocative memory in borderline and neurotic patients. Psychoanalytic Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0079323
