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The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM–5 (CAPS-5): Development and initial psychometric evaluation in military veterans.
Open accessAbstract
The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) is an extensively validated and widely used structured diagnostic interview for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The CAPS was recently revised to correspond with PTSD criteria in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). This article describes the development of the CAPS for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) and presents the results of an initial psychometric evaluation of CAPS-5 scores in 2 samples of military veterans (Ns = 165 and 207). CAPS-5 diagnosis demonstrated strong interrater reliability (к = .78 to 1.00, depending on the scoring rule) and test-retest reliability (к = .83), as well as strong correspondence with a diagnosis based on the CAPS for DSM-IV (CAPS-IV; к = .84 when optimally calibrated). CAPS-5 total severity score demonstrated high internal consistency (α = .88) and interrater reliability (ICC = .91) and good test-retest reliability (ICC = .78). It also demonstrated good convergent validity with total severity score on the CAPS-IV (r = .83) and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (r = .66) and good discriminant validity with measures of anxiety, depression, somatization, functional impairment, psychopathy, and alcohol abuse (rs = .02 to .54). Overall, these results indicate that the CAPS-5 is a psychometrically sound measure of DSM-5 PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity. Importantly, the CAPS-5 strongly corresponds with the CAPS-IV, which suggests that backward compatibility with the CAPS-IV was maintained and that the CAPS-5 provides continuity in evidence-based assessment of PTSD in the transition from DSM-IV to DSM-5 criteria. (PsycINFO Database Record
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“The most widely used symptom severity measure is the CAPS-5 60 , which comprises 30 items assessing symptom severity over the previous week.”
From The clinical characterization of the adult patient with an anxiety or related disorder aimed at personalization of management (2021) · cites this paper as [60]
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“Interrater reliability K=0.78-1.0 (high) discriminant validity: rs=0.02−0.54 (moderate) [100]”
From Frontal Pole Neuromodulation for Impulsivity and Suicidality in Veterans With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Common Co-Occurring Mental Health Conditions: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (2024) · cites this paper as [100]
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“the PtsD checklist for DsM-5 (Pcl-5) was used to quantify overall posttraumatic symptom burden and symptom-cluster scores for cluster B (intrusion), cluster c (avoidance), cluster D (negative alterations in cognition and mood), and cluster e (hyperarousal/reactivity); the Pcl-5 has demonstrated strong psychometric performance in civilian and veteran samples (Blevins et al. 2015;Bovin et al. 2016;W”
From Feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary effectiveness of an accelerated bilateral intermittent theta-burst stimulation protocol in adults with posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid depressive disorder following mild traumatic brain injury (2026) · cites this paper as Weathers et al. 2018
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“The PCL-5 [54] is a 20-item self-report questionnaire that assesses the presence and severity of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms.”
From Feasibility, acceptability, and initial outcomes of a psychological adjustment and reintegration program for transitioned military veterans (2024) · cites this paper as [54]
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- Kline RB 2011 Principles and practice of structural equation modeling 3 New York, NY Guilford Press
- Weathers FW Blake DD Schnurr PP Kaloupek DG Marx BP Keane TM 2013 The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM–5 (CAPS-5) Retrieved from www.ptsd.va.gov PMC5805662 28493729
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Mitchell, J. M., Bogenschutz, M., Lilienstein, A., Harrison, C., Kleiman, S., Parker-Guilbert, K., Ot’alora G., M., Garas, W., Paleos, C., Gorman, I., et al. (2021) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01336-3 · Cited by 1,004
Blackmore, R., Boyle, J. A., Fazel, M., Ranasinha, S., Gray, K. M., Fitzgerald, G., Misso, M., & Gibson-Helm, M. (2020) · PLOS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003337 · Cited by 949
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Why the COVID-19 pandemic is a traumatic stressor
Bridgland, V. M. E., Moeck, E. K., Green, D. M., Swain, T. L., Nayda, D. M., Matson, L. A., Hutchison, N. P., & Takarangi, M. K. T. (2021) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0240146 · Cited by 501
MDMA-assisted therapy for moderate to severe PTSD: A randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial
Mitchell, J. M., Ot’alora G., M., van der Kolk, B., Shannon, S., Bogenschutz, M., Gelfand, Y., Paleos, C., Nicholas, C. R., Quevedo, S., Balliett, B., et al. (2023) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-023-02565-4 · Cited by 455
Metadata
- Authors
- Weathers, F. W., Bovin, M. J., Lee, D. J., Sloan, D. M., Schnurr, P. P., Kaloupek, D. G., Keane, T. M., & Marx, B. P.
- Affiliations
- Auburn University (US)
- VA Boston Healthcare System (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Psychological Assessment
- Published
- 2018-03
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 383-395
- ISSN
- 1040-3590 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-134X
- PMC
- PMC5805662
- OpenAlex
- W2612417324
- Cited by
- 1,799
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 228 · 2025: 275 · 2024: 236 · 2023: 235 · 2022: 232 · 2021: 229 · 2020: 191 · 2019: 102 · 2018: 46
- FWCI
- 119.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychological Assessment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (I01CX000467)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- CAPS-5, post-traumatic stress disorder, DSM-5 PTSD criteria, military veterans, diagnostic interview, inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity, PTSD symptom severity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Veterans, Reproducibility of Results, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Veterans Health
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