Unusual priming mechanism of RNA-directed DNA synthesis in copia retrovirus-like particles of Drosophila

Kikuchi, Yo; Ando, Yumiko; Shiba, Tadayoshi

doi:10.1038/323824a0

Cited by 90Chromosomal and Genetic VariationsRNA and protein synthesis mechanismsT-cell and Retrovirus Studies

Unusual priming mechanism of RNA-directed DNA synthesis in copia retrovirus-like particles of Drosophila

Kikuchi, Yo, Ando, Yumiko, Shiba, Tadayoshi·1986·Nature

DOI 10.1038/323824a0

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Abstract

Drosophila cells contain virus-like particles (VLPs) containing 5 kilobases (kb) of RNA (VLP H-RNA) homologous to the transposable element copia. The identity between VLP H-RNA and copia DNA has previously been confirmed at the nucleotide sequence level and reverse transcriptase activity is also detected in the VLPs. These results suggest that VLPs and copia are derivatives of viral particle and provirus forms, respectively, of the copia retrovirus-like particle. If the copia retrovirus-like particle replicates by a mechanism similar to the mechanism of vertebrate retroviral replication, a cellular transfer RNA would prime synthesis of the first DNA strand. We show that this is indeed so but that copia retrovirus-like particle has a novel type of priming mechanism; the first DNA extension does not start from the 3' end of a tRNA, but from an internal site (two nucleotides after the anticodon loop) of the Drosophila initiator methionine tRNA (tRNAMeti).

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Some retrotransposons require a tRNA molecule to initiate reverse transcription.
“Some retrotransposons also require a tRNA molecule to initiate reverse transcription (12)(13)(14).”
From Role of host tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in retroviral replication (2019) · cites this paper as [12]
tRNA i Met-primed reverse transcription is conserved among many LTR retrotransposons, including copia from Drosophila melanogaster, Tp1 and Tp2 from Physarum polycephalum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ty5.
“tRNA i Met -primed reverse transcription is conserved among many LTR retrotransposons, including the copia retrovirus-like particle from Drosophila melanogaster (12), Tp1 and Tp2 from the slime mold Physarum polycephalum (13), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ty5 (14).”
From Role of host tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in retroviral replication (2019) · cites this paper as [12]
In copia from D. melanogaster and Ty5 from S. cerevisiae, reverse transcription initiation requires a processed 5' fragment of tRNA i Met.
“In contrast, copia from D. melanogaster and Ty5 from S. cerevisiae, reverse transcription initiation requires a processed 5Ј fragment of tRNA i Met (12,14).”
From Role of host tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in retroviral replication (2019) · cites this paper as [12]
LysRS and IleRS are packaged in HIV-1 virions.
“| Packaged in HIV-1 virion | LysRS a , IleRS a | 12, 128 |”
From Role of host tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in retroviral replication (2019) · cites this paper as [12]

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Authors: Kikuchi, Y., Ando, Y., & Shiba, T.
Affiliations: Kitasato University (JP)
ORCID: Kikuchi, Yo
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1986-10-30
Volume: 323
Issue: 6091
Pages: 824-826
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/323824a0
OpenAlex: W2060825841
Cited by: 90
References: 22
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 5.50
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
Keywords: RNA-directed DNA synthesis, reverse transcription, tRNA primer, transposable elements, provirus, viral replication, Drosophila
MeSH terms: Animals, Base Sequence, DNA Replication, Drosophila, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Retroviridae, RNA, Virion

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Unusual priming mechanism of RNA-directed DNA synthesis in copia retrovirus-like particles of Drosophila

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