Cited by 1,777Leprosy Research and TreatmentGenomics and Phylogenetic StudiesResearch on Leishmaniasis Studies

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Massive gene decay in the leprosy bacillus.

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Cole, S. T., Eiglmeier, K., Parkhill, J., James, K. D., Thomson, N. R., Wheeler, P. R., Honoré, N., Garnier, T., Churcher, C., Harris, D., Mungall, K., Basham, D., Brown, D., Chillingworth, T., Connor, R., Davies, R. M., Devlin, K., Duthoy, S., Feltwell, T., Fraser, A., Hamlin, N., Holroyd, S., Hornsby, T., Jagels, K., Lacroix, C., Maclean, J., Moule, S., Murphy, L., Oliver, K., Quail, M. A., Rajandream, M.-A., Rutherford, K. M., Rutter, S., Seeger, K., Simon, S., Simmonds, M., Skelton, J., Squares, R., Squares, S., Stevens, K., Taylor, K., Whitehead, S., Woodward, J. R., Barrell, B. G.·2001·Nature

DOI 10.1038/35059006

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Abstract

Leprosy, a chronic human neurological disease, results from infection with the obligate intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium leprae, a close relative of the tubercle bacillus. Mycobacterium leprae has the longest doubling time of all known bacteria and has thwarted every effort at culture in the laboratory. Comparing the 3.27-megabase (Mb) genome sequence of an armadillo-derived Indian isolate of the leprosy bacillus with that of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (4.41 Mb) provides clear explanations for these properties and reveals an extreme case of reductive evolution. Less than half of the genome contains functional genes but pseudogenes, with intact counterparts in M. tuberculosis, abound. Genome downsizing and the current mosaic arrangement appear to have resulted from extensive recombination events between dispersed repetitive sequences. Gene deletion and decay have eliminated many important metabolic activities including siderophore production, part of the oxidative and most of the microaerophilic and anaerobic respiratory chains, and numerous catabolic systems and their regulatory circuits.

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Authors: Cole, S. T., Eiglmeier, K., Parkhill, J., James, K. D., Thomson, N. R., Wheeler, P. R., Honoré, N., Garnier, T., Churcher, C., Harris, D., Mungall, K., Basham, D., Brown, D., Chillingworth, T., Connor, R., Davies, R. M., Devlin, K., Duthoy, S., Feltwell, T., Fraser, A., Hamlin, N., Holroyd, S., Hornsby, T., Jagels, K., Lacroix, C., Maclean, J., Moule, S., Murphy, L., Oliver, K., Quail, M. A., Rajandream, M.-A., Rutherford, K. M., Rutter, S., Seeger, K., Simon, S., Simmonds, M., Skelton, J., Squares, R., Squares, S., Stevens, K., Taylor, K., Whitehead, S., Woodward, J. R., & Barrell, B. G.
Affiliations: Institut Pasteur (FR)
Wellcome Sanger Institute (GB)
Animal and Plant Health Agency (GB)
Corresponding author: Cole, S. T.
ORCID: Cole, S. T.
Eiglmeier, K.
Parkhill, J.
Thomson, N. R.
Harris, D.
Davies, R. M.
Feltwell, T.
Lacroix, C.
Murphy, L.
Oliver, K.
Quail, M. A.
Rutherford, K. M.
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2001-02
Volume: 409
Issue: 6823
Pages: 1007-1011
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/35059006
OpenAlex: W2164217177
Cited by: 1,777
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 22 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 64 · 2015: 75 · 2014: 80 · 2013: 63 · 2012: 79
FWCI: 94.38
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
infoscience.epfl.ch
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders: New York Community Trust
Wellcome Trust
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Leprosy Research and Treatment
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
Keywords: Mycobacterium leprae, leprosy, genome reduction, reductive evolution, pseudogenes, gene decay, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, recombination, gene deletion, siderophore production, electron transport chain
MeSH terms: Animals, Armadillos, DNA, Bacterial, Energy Metabolism, Multigene Family, Humans, Leprosy, Molecular Sequence Data, Mycobacterium leprae, Genome, Bacterial, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Transfer, Horizontal

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