The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Plasma delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol concentrations and clinical effects after oral and intravenous administration and smoking
Abstract
Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was given intravenously, by smoking, and by mouth to 11 healthy subjects. Plasma profiles of THC after smoking and intravenous injection were similar whereas plasma levels after oral doses were low and irregular, indicating slow and erratic absorption. Based on AUC0-360 min systemic availability of THC after smoking was estimated to be 18 +/- 6%. Oral THC in a chocolate cookie provided systemic availability of 6 +/- 3%. Of the two major clinical signs of cannabis intoxication, reddened conjunctivae persisted for as long as THC levels were above 5 ng/ml, and tachycardia was a less reliable measurement of prevailing THC levels or "high." The time courses of plasma concentrations and clinical "high" were of the same order for intravenous injection and smoking, with prompt onset and steady decline over a 4-hr period. The appearance of "high" lagged behind the increase in plasma concentrations, suggesting that brain concentrations were increasing as plasma concentrations decreased. After oral THC, the onset of clinical effects was much slower and lasted longer, but effects occurred at much lower plasma concentrations than after the other two methods of administration.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Cannabis and schizophrenia. A longitudinal study of Swedish conscripts
Andréasson, S., Engström, A., Allebeck, P., & Rydberg, U. (1987) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(87)92620-1 · Cited by 1,166
Human Cannabinoid Pharmacokinetics
Huestis, M. A. (2007) · Chemistry & Biodiversity · doi:10.1002/cbdv.200790152 · Cited by 1,102
D'Souza, D. C., Perry, E., MacDougall, L., Ammerman, Y., Cooper, T., Wu, Y.-T., Braley, G., Gueorguieva, R., & Krystal, J. H. (2004) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300496 · Cited by 1,024
D’Souza, D. C., Abi-Saab, W. M., Madonick, S., Forselius-Bielen, K., Doersch, A., Braley, G., Gueorguieva, R., Cooper, T. B., & Krystal, J. H. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.12.006 · Cited by 617
The Pharmacologic and Clinical Effects of Medical Cannabis
Borgelt, L. M., Franson, K. L., Nussbaum, A. M., & Wang, G. S. (2013) · Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1002/phar.1187 · Cited by 423
Cannabis and Cannabis Extracts: Greater Than the Sum of Their Parts?
McPartland, J. M., & Russo, E. B. (2001) · Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics · doi:10.1300/j175v01n03_08 · Cited by 321
McCartney, D., Arkell, T. R., Irwin, C., & McGregor, I. S. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.003 · Cited by 170
Agurell, S., Carlsson, S., Lindgren, J. E., Ohlsson, A., Gillespie, H., & Hollister, L. (1981) · Experientia · doi:10.1007/bf02085029 · Cited by 129
Self-citationSubjective and Physiological Effects After Controlled Sativex and Oral THC Administration
Karschner, E. L., Darwin, W. D., McMahon, R. P., Liu, F., Wright, S., Goodwin, R. S., & Huestis, M. A. (2011) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1038/clpt.2010.318 · Cited by 117
Cannabinoids modulate pain by multiple mechanisms of action
Richardson, J. D. (2000) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/s1526-5900(00)90082-8 · Cited by 109
Pearlson, G. D., Stevens, M. C., & D'Souza, D. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.689444 · Cited by 72
Cannabis Reduces Opioid Dose in the Treatment of Chronic Non-Cancer Pain
Lynch, M. E., & Clark, A. J. (2003) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/s0885-3924(03)00142-8 · Cited by 56
Seeling, W., Kneer, L., Büchele, B., Gschwend, J. E., Maier, L., Nett, C., Simmet, T., Steffen, P., Schneider, M., & Rockemann, M. (2006) · Der Anaesthesist · doi:10.1007/s00101-005-0963-6 · Cited by 42
Metadata
- Authors
- Ohlsson, A., Lindgren, J.-E., Wahlen, A., Agurell, S., Hollister, L. E., & Gillespie, H. K.
- Venue
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1980-09
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 409-416
- ISSN
- 0009-9236 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-6535
- OpenAlex
- W2102117682
- Cited by
- 475
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 9.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
