Cited by 85Cell death mechanisms and regulationRetinoids in leukemia and cellular processesAcute Myeloid Leukemia Research

Downregulation of Mcl-1 through GSK-3β activation contributes to arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells

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Wang, R, Xia, L, Gabrilove, J, Waxman, S, Jing, Y·2013·Leukemia

Abstract

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) induces disease remission in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients, but not in non-APL acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. ATO at therapeutic concentrations (1-2 μM) induces APL NB4, but not non-APL HL-60, cells to undergo apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. The role of antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1 in ATO-induced apoptosis was determined. The levels of Mcl-1 were decreased in NB4, but not in HL-60, cells after ATO treatment through proteasomal degradation. Both glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) inhibitor SB216763 and siRNA blocked ATO-induced Mcl-1 reduction as well as attenuated ATO-induced apoptosis in NB4 cells. Silencing Mcl-1 sensitized HL-60 cells to ATO-induced apoptosis. Both ERK and AKT inhibitors decreased Mcl-1 levels and enhanced ATO-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. Sorafenib, an Raf inhibitor, activated GSK-3β by inhibiting its phosphorylation, decreased Mcl-1 levels and decreased intracellular glutathione levels in HL-60 cells. Sorafenib plus ATO augmented reactive oxygen species production and apoptosis induction in HL-60 cells and in primary AML cells. These results indicate that ATO induces Mcl-1 degradation through activation of GSK-3β in APL cells and provide a rationale for utilizing ATO in combination with sorafenib for the treatment of non-APL AML patients.

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Authors
Wang, R., Xia, L., Gabrilove, J., Waxman, S., & Jing, Y.
Affiliations
Tisch Cancer Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Jing, Y
Venue
Leukemia
Published
2012-07-03
Volume
27
Issue
2
Pages
315-324
ISSN
  • 0887-6924 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5551
OpenAlex
W2013966534
Cited by
85
References
57
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
FWCI
3.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Leukemia (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Cancer Institute (R01CA093533)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research
Keywords
arsenic trioxide, Mcl-1, GSK3β, acute myeloid leukemia, acute promyelocytic leukemia, apoptosis, proteasomal degradation, mitochondrial apoptosis, sorafenib, ERK inhibition, AKT inhibition, glutathione, reactive oxygen species, combination therapy
MeSH terms
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta, Arsenic Trioxide, Antineoplastic Agents, Arsenicals, Enzyme Activation, Flow Cytometry, Glutathione, Humans, Mitochondria, Oxides, Phosphorylation, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Blotting, Western, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Down-Regulation, Apoptosis, Reactive Oxygen Species, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, RNA, Small Interfering, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3, Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein

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