Cited by 738Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model OrganismsSirtuins and Resveratrol in MedicineFungal and yeast genetics research

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Nicotinamide and PNC1 govern lifespan extension by calorie restriction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Anderson, Rozalyn M., Bitterman, Kevin J., Wood, Jason G., Medvedik, Oliver, Sinclair, David A.·2003·Nature

DOI 10.1038/nature01578PMC PMC4802858

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Abstract

Calorie restriction extends lifespan in a broad range of organisms, from yeasts to mammals. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, including decreased oxidative damage and altered energy metabolism. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, lifespan extension by calorie restriction requires the NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase, Sir2 (ref. 1). We have recently shown that Sir2 and its closest human homologue SIRT1, a p53 deacetylase, are strongly inhibited by the vitamin B3 precursor nicotinamide. Here we show that increased expression of PNC1 (pyrazinamidase/nicotinamidase 1), which encodes an enzyme that deaminates nicotinamide, is both necessary and sufficient for lifespan extension by calorie restriction and low-intensity stress. We also identify PNC1 as a longevity gene that is responsive to all stimuli that extend lifespan. We provide evidence that nicotinamide depletion is sufficient to activate Sir2 and that this is the mechanism by which PNC1 regulates longevity. We conclude that yeast lifespan extension by calorie restriction is the consequence of an active cellular response to a low-intensity stress and speculate that nicotinamide might regulate critical cellular processes in higher organisms.

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Authors: Anderson, R. M., Bitterman, K. J., Wood, J. G., Medvedik, O., & Sinclair, D. A.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author: Sinclair, David A.
ORCID: Anderson, Rozalyn M.
Wood, Jason G.
Sinclair, David A.
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2003-05
Volume: 423
Issue: 6936
Pages: 181-185
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/nature01578
PMC: PMC4802858
OpenAlex: W2006806054
Cited by: 736
References: 30
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 39
FWCI: 13.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Aging (R37AG028730, P01AG027916, R01AG028730, R01AG019719, R01AG019972)
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM068072)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
Keywords: caloric restriction, lifespan extension, nicotinamide, Sir2, SIRT1, NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase, longevity genes, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, aging
MeSH terms: Cell Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Energy Metabolism, Histone Deacetylases, Longevity, NAD, Niacin, Nicotinamidase, Niacinamide, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Heat-Shock Response, Gene Silencing, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Caloric Restriction, Sirtuins, Silent Information Regulator Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Sirtuin 2

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Nicotinamide and PNC1 govern lifespan extension by calorie restriction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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