The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Simulation of equatorial and high-latitude jets on Jupiter in a deep convection model
Abstract
The bands of Jupiter represent a global system of powerful winds. Broad eastward equatorial jets are flanked by smaller-scale, higher-latitude jets flowing in alternating directions. Jupiter's large thermal emission suggests that the winds are powered from within, but the zonal flow depth is limited by increasing density and electrical conductivity in the molecular hydrogen-helium atmosphere towards the centre of the planet. Two types of planetary flow models have been explored: shallow-layer models reproduce multiple high-latitude jets, but not the equatorial flow system, and deep convection models only reproduce an eastward equatorial jet with two flanking neighbours. Here we present a numerical model of three-dimensional rotating convection in a relatively thin spherical shell that generates both types of jets. The simulated flow is turbulent and quasi-two-dimensional and, as observed for the jovian jets, simulated jet widths follow Rhines' scaling theory. Our findings imply that Jupiter's latitudinal transition in jet width corresponds to a separation between the bottom-bounded flow structures in higher latitudes and the deep equatorial flows.
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“on one hand, the alternating jets on gas giant planets are 'shallow', existing above 10 bars or so [15-17]; on the other hand, zonal jets are 'deep', extending to tens of thousands of bars [18-22].”
From Deep rotating convection generates the polar hexagon on Saturn (2020) · cites this paper as [21]
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“we could simulate it for about 0.1 viscous diffusion time (about 1600 rotations), which is similar to earlier highresolution studies [21, 35].”
From Deep rotating convection generates the polar hexagon on Saturn (2020) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“Existing models posit as the driver of the flow either the differential radiative heating of the upper atmosphere (e.g., Williams 1979Williams , 2003b) ) or the intrinsic heat fluxes emanating from the deep interior (e.g., Busse 1976;Heimpel et al. 2005;Aurnou et al. 2007;Chan and Mayr 2008;Kaspi et al. 2009).”
From Mechanisms of Jet Formation on the Giant Planets (2010) · cites this paper as Heimpel et al. 2005
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Citations
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Juno Microwave Radiometer Observations Reveal a Warmer Polar Atmosphere on Jupiter
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Sánchez-Lavega, A. (2026) · doi:10.1093/9780197851500.003.0342
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Miquel, B., Ellison, A. C., Calkins, M. A., Julien, K. A., & Edgar Knobloch, B. (2026) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/jfm.2026.11890
Metadata
- Authors
- Heimpel, M., Aurnou, J., & Wicht, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Alberta (CA)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Heimpel, Moritz
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2005-11
- Volume
- 438
- Issue
- 7065
- Pages
- 193-196
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W1984695169
- Cited by
- 291
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 6.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Western Canada Research Grid
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Computational Mechanics › Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Keywords
- Jupiter, equatorial jet, zonal wind, atmospheric bands, deep convection, rotating convection, spherical shell, turbulent flow, three-dimensional numerical model
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