The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Restoration of p53 function leads to tumour regression in vivo
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a multi-step process that requires activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumour suppressor genes. Mouse models of human cancers have recently demonstrated that continuous expression of a dominantly acting oncogene (for example, Hras, Kras and Myc) is often required for tumour maintenance; this phenotype is referred to as oncogene addiction. This concept has received clinical validation by the development of active anticancer drugs that specifically inhibit the function of oncoproteins such as BCR-ABL, c-KIT and EGFR. Identifying additional gene mutations that are required for tumour maintenance may therefore yield clinically useful targets for new cancer therapies. Although loss of p53 function is a common feature of human cancers, it is not known whether sustained inactivation of this or other tumour suppressor pathways is required for tumour maintenance. To explore this issue, we developed a Cre-loxP-based strategy to temporally control tumour suppressor gene expression in vivo. Here we show that restoring endogenous p53 expression leads to regression of autochthonous lymphomas and sarcomas in mice without affecting normal tissues. The mechanism responsible for tumour regression is dependent on the tumour type, with the main consequence of p53 restoration being apoptosis in lymphomas and suppression of cell growth with features of cellular senescence in sarcomas. These results support efforts to treat human cancers by way of pharmacological reactivation of p53.
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“Interestingly, some tumor cells retain the ability to senesce in response to DNA-damaging chemotherapy or p53 reactivation; in mice, this response arrests tumor progression [ 20 – 22 ].”
From Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotypes Reveal Cell-Nonautonomous Functions of Oncogenic RAS and the p53 Tumor Suppressor (2008) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“Recent findings show that tumors induced to senesce in mice gradually regress [ 21 , 22 ], owing perhaps to infiltration by cells of the innate immune system [ 22 ].”
From Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotypes Reveal Cell-Nonautonomous Functions of Oncogenic RAS and the p53 Tumor Suppressor (2008) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“The tumour suppressor p53-p21 axis cell- autonomously controls the OIS response, but additionally mediates communication between senescent cells and immune cells, presumably via the SASP 144-146 .”
From Senescence and cancer — role and therapeutic opportunities (2022) · cites this paper as [144]
In the citing paper
“Specifically, restoration of Tp53 in mouse models of lymphoma and sarcoma led to tumour regression with features of cellular senescence, thereby implying that p53- mediated apoptosis and senescence- evoked immune clearance are the underlying mechanisms 144 .”
From Senescence and cancer — role and therapeutic opportunities (2022) · cites this paper as [144]
In the citing paper
“the outcome of endogenous p53 reactivation can be senescence and/or cell death depending on the tumour type 35,141,142”
From Inside and out: the activities of senescence in cancer (2014) · cites this paper as [35]
In the citing paper
“This notion that p53 is able to activate different checkpoint programs in different tissues is supported by the observation that restoration of endogenous p53 function in p53 null mice activates primarily an apoptotic response to inhibit T-cell lymphomas, while inhibition of sarcomas requires activation of a cellular senescence program60.”
From Telomere dysfunction and tumour suppression: the senescence connection (2008) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“In addition, the reactivation of p53-dependent senescence promotes the regression of established p53-deficient tumors, 186 facilitated by SASP-assisted recruitment of innate cells (natural killer [NK] cells and M4) to the tumor bed.187”
From Meta-hallmarks of aging and cancer (2023) · cites this paper as [186]
In the citing paper
“Mouse models clearly demonstrate that the inactivation of p53 promotes tumorigenesis, whereas restoration of p53 causes the regression of established tumours78–80.”
From MDM2, MDMX and p53 in oncogenesis and cancer therapy (2013) · cites this paper as [79]
In the citing paper
“Another recent surprise was the rapid in vivo clearance of tumour cells that undergo P53-triggered senescence 10, 11”
From The common biology of cancer and ageing (2007) · cites this paper as [11]
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Mutant p53 stimulates chemoresistance of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine
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Efeyan, A., Ortega-Molina, A., Velasco-Miguel, S., Herranz, D., Vassilev, L. T., & Serrano, M. (2007) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-0200 · Cited by 140
“tumor senescence by p53 is followed by clearance of the senescent cells by the innate immune system, which results in tumor regression (30, 31 ).”
BackgroundTherapeutic Targeting of Telomerase
Jäger, K., & Walter, M. (2016) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes7070039 · Cited by 144
“On one hand, both telomere-driven replicative senescence and stress-inducible senescence are tumor-suppressive [241–247].”
BackgroundPuca, R., Nardinocchi, L., Givol, D., & D’Orazi, G. (2010) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/onc.2010.183 · Cited by 141
Pharmacological reactivation of mutant p53: from protein structure to the cancer patient
Wiman, K. G. (2010) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/onc.2010.188 · Cited by 148
“This notion is strongly supported by in vivo studies showing that restoration of wild-type p53 function by various means in mice causes rapid tumor regression in vivo (Martins et al., 2006; Ventura et al., 2007; Xue et al., 2007).”
BackgroundGowrishankar, B., Somaiah, N., Zhang, R., Tang, Y., Hoffmann, J., Andrake, M., Ceulemans, H., Schultz, D., Marmorstein, R., & Adams, P. D. (2008) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.01047-08 · Cited by 156
“Cellular senescence is a known tumor suppressor mechanism (7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 17, 33, 52, 56, 62, 65) and is implicated in tissue aging (8, 28, 30, 34).”
BackgroundDavis, F. M., Lloyd‐Lewis, B., Harris, O. B., Kozar, S., Winton, D. J., Mureşan, L., & Watson, C. J. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms13053 · Cited by 138
Targeting ubiquitin specific proteases for drug discovery
Daviet, L., & Colland, F. (2008) · Biochimie · doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2007.09.013 · Cited by 126
Bykov, V. J. N., Zhang, Q., Zhang, M., Ceder, S., Abrahmsen, L., & Wiman, K. G. (2016) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2016.00021 · Cited by 137
“Biochem Pharmacol (2012) 84(12):1563–70.”
Inhibition of p53 inhibitors: progress, challenges and perspectives
Sanz, G., Singh, M., Peuget, S., & Selivanova, G. (2019) · Journal of Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjz075 · Cited by 140
“Studies taking advantage of mouse strains expressing ‘switchable’ p53 genes have uncovered a crucial role of p53 reconstitution in regression of already established tumors—lymphomas, soft tissue sarcomas, and hepatocellular carcinomas (Martins et al., 2006; Ventura et al., 2007; Xue et al., 2007).”
BackgroundWu, S., Ying, G., Wu, Q., & Capecchi, M. R. (2008) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2008.70 · Cited by 133
“Conditional rescue alleles can be equally informative if designed wel”
BackgroundLaine, A., Sihto, H., Come, C., Rosenfeldt, M. T., Zwolinska, A., Niemelä, M., Khanna, A., Chan, E. K., Kähäri, V.-M., Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, P.-L., et al. (2013) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-12-0292 · Cited by 130
“Immunohistochemical staining for Ki–67 and DcR2 and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were conducted as previously described (41).”
BackgroundInfluentialGuo, M., Price, M. J., Patterson, D. G., Barwick, B. G., Haines, R. R., Kania, A. K., Bradley, J., Randall, T. D., Boss, J. M., & Scharer, C. D. (2017) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1701470 · Cited by 139
“To determine the role of Ezh2 in vivo, we crossed Ezh2 mice (31) with tamoxifen-inducible Rosa26 mice (32).”
BackgroundInfluentialCui, Y. R., & Guo, G. (2016) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms17111942 · Cited by 137
“In fact, genetic manipulations using mouse models demonstrated that p53 reactivation in p53-deficient tumors induced tumor apoptosis and/or senescence, which resulted in recruitment and activation of innate immune cells, including NK cells and macrophages, for the clearance of the apoptotic or senescent tumor cells [3…”
BackgroundTang, X., Zhu, Y., Han, L., Kim, A. L., Kopelovich, L., Bickers, D. R., & Athar, M. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci32481 · Cited by 138
Cellular senescence and cancer chemotherapy resistance
Gordon, R. R., & Nelson, P. S. (2012) · Drug Resistance Updates · doi:10.1016/j.drup.2012.01.002 · Cited by 138
“In cell based assays the artificial activation of p53 triggered tumor-specific apoptosis and senescence (Ventura et al., 2007).”
BackgroundLiu, Y., Wang, X., Wang, G., Yang, Y., Yuan, Y., & Ouyang, L. (2019) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.018 · Cited by 133
Peng, X., Zhang, M., Conserva, F., Hosny, G., Selivanova, G., Bykov, V. J. N., Arnér, E. S. J., & Wiman, K. G. (2017) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/cddis.2016.137 · Cited by 134
Loss of Fbw7 Reprograms Adult Pancreatic Ductal Cells into α, δ, and β Cells
Sancho, R., Gruber, R., Gu, G., & Behrens, A. (2014) · Cell stem cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2014.06.019 · Cited by 133
The missing Zinc: p53 misfolding and cancer
Loh, S. N. (2010) · Metallomics · doi:10.1039/c003915b · Cited by 137
mTORC1 is essential for leukemia propagation but not stem cell self-renewal
Hoshii, T., Tadokoro, Y., Naka, K., Ooshio, T., Muraguchi, T., Sugiyama, N., Soga, T., Araki, K., Yamamura, K., & Hirao, A. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci62279 · Cited by 140
“Mice with the Raptorfl allele were crossed with Rosa26-CreERT2 mice (52) obtained from Tyler Jacks (Massachusetts Institute of Tech-”
Wang, Y., Suh, Y., Fuller, M. Y., Jackson, J. G., Xiong, S., Terzian, T., Quintás‐Cardama, A., Bankson, J. A., El‐Naggar, A. K., & Lozano, G. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci44504 · Cited by 137
Synthetic vulnerabilities of mesenchymal subpopulations in pancreatic cancer
Genovese, G., Carugo, A., Tepper, J., Robinson, F. S., Li, L., Svelto, M., Nezi, L., Corti, D., Minelli, R., Pettazzoni, P., et al. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature21064 · Cited by 131
“In addition, we introduced a tamoxifen-inducible Cre recombinase (CreERT2) that is expressed in virtually all tissues 30 .”
InfluentialIAPP-driven metabolic reprogramming induces regression of p53-deficient tumours in vivo
Venkatanarayan, A., Raulji, P., Norton, W., Chakravarti, D., Coarfa, C., Su, X., Sandur, S. K., Ramirez, M. S., Lee, J., Kingsley, C. V., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13910 · Cited by 132
Molecular Basis for the Inhibition of p53 by Mdmx
Popowicz, G. M., Czarna, A., Rothweiler, U., Szwagierczak, A., Krajewski, M., Weber, L., & Holak, T. A. (2007) · Cell Cycle · doi:10.4161/cc.6.19.4740 · Cited by 131
Small molecular weight protein–protein interaction antagonists—an insurmountable challenge?
Dömling, A. S. S. (2008) · Current Opinion in Chemical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.04.603 · Cited by 128
Tumor suppressor p53 and its gain-of-function mutants in cancer
Liu, J., Zhang, C., & Feng, Z. (2013) · Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica · doi:10.1093/abbs/gmt144 · Cited by 133
“In mouse models, re-introduction of wild-type p53 into p53-deficient tumors leads to tumor regression [26,97], whereas reintroduction of wild-type p53 into mutant p53-harboring tumors suppresses tumor growth [98].”
DOT1L as a therapeutic target for the treatment of DNMT3A-mutant acute myeloid leukemia
Rau, R. E., Rodriguez, B. A. T., Luo, M., Jeong, M., Rosen, A., Rogers, J. H., Campbell, C. T., Daigle, S. R., Deng, L., Song, Y., et al. (2016) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2015-11-684225 · Cited by 131
“2 Dnmt3a andDnmt3a were crossed to Rosa26-Cre ER.(26)Dnmt3aRosa26-Cre ER andDnmt3a-Rosa26-Cre ER mice were treated with 5 daily intraperitoneal injections of tamoxifen (1 mg/0.”
MethodThe isolation of an RNA aptamer targeting to p53 protein with single amino acid mutation
Chen, L., Rashid, F., Shah, A., Awan, H. M., Wu, M., Liu, A., Wang, J., Zhu, T., Luo, Z., & Shan, G. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1502159112 · Cited by 126
Smg6/Est1 licenses embryonic stem cell differentiation via nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay
Li, T., Shi, Y. X., Wang, P., Guachalla, L. M., Sun, B., Jörß, T., Chen, Y., Groth, M., Krueger, A., Platzer, M., et al. (2015) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.201489947 · Cited by 128
“To substantiate this unexpected viability of Smg6 Δ / Δ ESCs, we crossed the Smg6 +/F mice with CreER T2 mice (Ventura et al , 2007) (Supplementary Fig S1C) and isolated Smg6 F/F ;CreER + (designated Smg6-CER) ESCs from the blastocysts derived from the intercrossing of Smg6 +/F ;CreER + mice…”
New insights into p53 activation
Brooks, C. L., & Gu, W. (2010) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/cr.2010.53 · Cited by 102
“Reactivation of p53 in several mouse tumor models has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of tumor growth [83–85].”
BackgroundRan, L., Sirota, I., Cao, Z., Murphy, D. A., Chen, Y., Shukla, S., Xie, Y., Kaufmann, M. C., Gao, D., Zhu, S., et al. (2015) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-14-0985 · Cited by 127
Zhang, D., Li, Y., Heims-Waldron, D. A., Bezzerides, V. J., Guatimosim, S., Guo, Y., Gu, F., Zhou, P., Lin, Z., Ma, Q., et al. (2017) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.117.311349 · Cited by 131
Bmi-1: At the crossroads of physiological and pathological biology
Bhattacharya, R., Mustafi, S. B., Street, M., Dey, A., & Dwivedi, S. K. D. (2015) · Genes & Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2015.04.001 · Cited by 132
“The cell cycle checkpoint that involves the Ink4a/Arf-p53-pRb axis has been described as the principle barrier to the initiation and maintenance of neoplastic transformation.(65,66) In contrast, a few studies have also reported that the proto-oncogene Bmi-1 is required for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell prolifera…”
BackgroundClassic and novel roles of p53: prospects for anticancer therapy
Fuster, J. J., Sanz-Gonzalez, S. M., Moll, U. M., & Andrés, V. (2007) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2007.03.002 · Cited by 128
“First, while p53 reactivation promotes tumor regression in the mouse [55-57], it might favor the growth of p53-resistant tumors carrying inactivating mutations in components of the p53 pathway, as shown”
BackgroundFrom structure to dynamics: Frequency tuning in the p53–Mdm2 network
Abou-Jaoudé, W., Ouattara, D. A., & Kaufman, M. (2009) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.02.005 · Cited by 124
Chen, J., & Kastan, M. B. (2010) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1968910 · Cited by 127
“A theoretical concern for blunting p53 induction in such settings might be the possibility of enhanced secondary tumors, but recent data suggest that restoration of p53 function to premalignant or malignant cells is sufficient to provide anti-tumor effects (Martins et al. 2006; Kastan 2007; Ventura et al. 2007; Xue et…”
FoxO transcription factors suppress Myc-driven lymphomagenesis via direct activation of ArfPreprint
Bouchard, C., Lee, S., Paulus-Hock, V., Loddenkemper, C., Eilers, M., & Schmitt, C. A. (2007) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.453107 · Cited by 135
“Our data also provide a potential mechanistic link to recent elegant work from several laboratories using conditional alleles of p53, demonstrating that restoration of p53 in established tumors induces tumor regression in a manner that depends on p19, but not on the presence of acute DNA damage (Martins et al. 2006; V…”
BackgroundEXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Functional p53 determines docetaxel sensitivity in prostate cancer cells
Liu, C., Zhu, Y., Lou, W., Nadiminty, N., Chen, X., Zhou, Q., Shi, X., White, R. D., & Gao, A. C. (2012) · The Prostate · doi:10.1002/pros.22583 · Cited by 126
“p53 status has an important relationship with cancers, restoring endogenous p53 expression leads to regression of autochthonous lymphomas and sarcomas in mice without affecting normal tissues [39].”
BackgroundRetractedHeraud-Farlow, J. E., Chalk, A. M., Linder, S. E., Li, Q., Taylor, S., White, J. M., Pang, L., Liddicoat, B., Gupte, A., Li, J. B., et al. (2017) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-017-1301-4 · Cited by 123
“Adar (Adar1; MGI allele: Adar; MGI:5805648), Ifih1 (Ifih1), Adar (Adar1; MGI allele: Adar; MGI:3029862), Adar (Adar1; MGI allele: Adar; MGI:3828307), and Rosa26-CreER (Gt(ROSA)26Sor) mice were on a backcrossed C57BL/6 background as previously described [14, 18, 19, 62, 63].”
MethodDas, L., & Vinayak, M. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0124000 · Cited by 124
“Consequence of p53 restoration is correlated with induction of apoptosis in lymphomas [49].”
BackgroundSelective Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells
Körkaya, H., & Wicha, M. S. (2007) · BioDrugs · doi:10.2165/00063030-200721050-00002 · Cited by 126
“[134] Most recently, two different studies have demonstrated that in p53-deficient tumors the restoration of p53 In addition to inducing differentiation, a number of stem cell results in tumor regression or arrest of tumor growth.[135,136] self-renewal pathways have been targeted for treatment of various human tumors.”
BackgroundOrigin of the brush cell lineage in the mouse intestinal epithelium
Bjerknes, M., Khandanpour, C., Möröy, T., Fujiyama, T., Hoshino, M., Klisch, T. J., Ding, Q., Gan, L., Wang, J., Martı́n, M. G., et al. (2011) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.12.009 · Cited by 128
“For the Atoh1 conditional knockout study, a female homozygous Atoh1fl/fl mouse (Shroyer et al., 2007; The Jackson Laboratory, 008681) was mated with a male homozygous Rosa26CreERT2 mouse (Ventura et al., 2007; The Jackson Laboratory, 008463).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Ventura, A., Kirsch, D. G., McLaughlin, M. E., Tuveson, D. A., Grimm, J., Lintault, L., Newman, J., Reczek, E. E., Weissleder, R., & Jacks, T.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jacks, Tyler
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2007-01-24
- Volume
- 445
- Issue
- 7128
- Pages
- 661-665
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2154799239
- Cited by
- 1,820
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 44 · 2025: 78 · 2024: 83 · 2023: 77 · 2022: 96 · 2021: 94 · 2020: 78 · 2019: 83 · 2018: 80 · 2017: 100 · 2016: 95 · 2015: 99 · 2014: 113 · 2013: 108 · 2012: 104
- FWCI
- 60.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Keywords
- p53 reactivation, tumor regression, tumor suppressor, cellular senescence, innate immune response, tumor clearance, oncogene addiction, sarcoma, apoptosis
- MeSH terms
- Alleles, Animals, Cell Division, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Lymphoma, Neoplasms, Organ Specificity, Sarcoma, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Cellular Senescence, Apoptosis, Mice
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