Cited by 1,639Neural dynamics and brain functionMemory and Neural MechanismsNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

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The importance of mixed selectivity in complex cognitive tasks

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Rigotti, Mattia, Barak, Omri, Warden, Melissa R., Wang, Xiao-Jing, Daw, Nathaniel D., Miller, Earl K., Fusi, Stefano·2013·Nature

DOI 10.1038/nature12160PMC PMC4412347

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Abstract

Single-neuron activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is tuned to mixtures of multiple task-related aspects. Such mixed selectivity is highly heterogeneous, seemingly disordered and therefore difficult to interpret. We analysed the neural activity recorded in monkeys during an object sequence memory task to identify a role of mixed selectivity in subserving the cognitive functions ascribed to the PFC. We show that mixed selectivity neurons encode distributed information about all task-relevant aspects. Each aspect can be decoded from the population of neurons even when single-cell selectivity to that aspect is eliminated. Moreover, mixed selectivity offers a significant computational advantage over specialized responses in terms of the repertoire of input-output functions implementable by readout neurons. This advantage originates from the highly diverse nonlinear selectivity to mixtures of task-relevant variables, a signature of high-dimensional neural representations. Crucially, this dimensionality is predictive of animal behaviour as it collapses in error trials. Our findings recommend a shift of focus for future studies from neurons that have easily interpretable response tuning to the widely observed, but rarely analysed, mixed selectivity neurons.

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Authors: Rigotti, M., Barak, O., Warden, M. R., Wang, X.-J., Daw, N. D., Miller, E. K., & Fusi, S.
Affiliations: Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
Yale University (US)
New York University (US)
Corresponding author: Fusi, Stefano
ORCID: Rigotti, Mattia
Barak, Omri
Warden, Melissa R.
Wang, Xiao-Jing
Daw, Nathaniel D.
Miller, Earl K.
Fusi, Stefano
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2013-05
Volume: 497
Issue: 7451
Pages: 585-590
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/nature12160
PMC: PMC4412347
OpenAlex: W2033708181
Cited by: 1,639
References: 24
Citations by year: 2026: 146 · 2025: 171 · 2024: 220 · 2023: 149 · 2022: 139 · 2021: 143 · 2020: 110 · 2019: 104 · 2018: 106 · 2017: 102 · 2016: 101 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 65 · 2013: 14
FWCI: 44.98
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
PMC
Funders: Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (133357)
National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH091174, R37MH087027, 5-R37-MH087027-04)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: mixed selectivity, prefrontal cortex, single-unit activity, population coding, error trials
MeSH terms: Animals, Haplorhini, Behavior, Animal, Cognition, Memory, Models, Neurological, Neurons, Prefrontal Cortex, Single-Cell Analysis

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The importance of mixed selectivity in complex cognitive tasks

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