Sodium content as a predictor of the advanced evolution of globular cluster stars

Campbell, Simon W.; D’Orazi, Valentina; Yong, David; Constantino, Thomas N.; Lattanzio, John C.; Stancliffe, Richard J.; Angelou, George C.; Wylie-de Boer, Elizabeth C.; Grundahl, Frank

doi:10.1038/nature12191

Cited by 81Stellar, planetary, and galactic studiesGalaxies: Formation, Evolution, PhenomenaAstronomy and Astrophysical Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Sodium content as a predictor of the advanced evolution of globular cluster stars

Open access

Campbell, Simon W., D’Orazi, Valentina, Yong, David, Constantino, Thomas N., Lattanzio, John C., Stancliffe, Richard J., Angelou, George C., Wylie-de Boer, Elizabeth C., Grundahl, Frank·2013·Nature

DOI 10.1038/nature12191

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

The asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase is the final stage of nuclear burning for low-mass stars. Although Milky Way globular clusters are now known to harbour (at least) two generations of stars, they still provide relatively homogeneous samples of stars that are used to constrain stellar evolution theory. It is predicted by stellar models that the majority of cluster stars with masses around the current turn-off mass (that is, the mass of the stars that are currently leaving the main sequence phase) will evolve through the AGB phase. Here we report that all of the second-generation stars in the globular cluster NGC 6752--70 per cent of the cluster population--fail to reach the AGB phase. Through spectroscopic abundance measurements, we found that every AGB star in our sample has a low sodium abundance, indicating that they are exclusively first-generation stars. This implies that many clusters cannot reliably be used for star counts to test stellar evolution timescales if the AGB population is included. We have no clear explanation for this observation.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nature12191

Cites

39 of 39 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Star counts as a proxy for timescales suggest that the data argue against the reality of the breathing pulses.
“Nevertheless, appealing again to star counts as a proxy for timescales, the data seem to argue against the reality of these pulses (Renzini & Fusi Pecci 1988; Caputo et al. 1989, but see also Campbell et al. 2013).”
From The Dawes Review 2: Nucleosynthesis and Stellar Yields of Low- and Intermediate-Mass Single Stars (2014) · cites this paper as Campbell et al. 2013

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Stellar Structure and Evolution
Kippenhahn, R., Weigert, A., & Weiß, A. (2012) · Astronomy and astrophysics library · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-30304-3 · Cited by 2,206
Stellar Structure and Evolution
Kippenhahn, R., & Weigert, A. (1990) · Astronomy and Astrophysics Library · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-61523-8 · Cited by 1,556
ATLAS9 Stellar Atmosphere Programs and 2 km/s grid.
Kurucz, R. L. (1993) · Cited by 1,074
The effective temperature scale of giant stars (F0–K5)
Alonso, A., Arribas, S., & Martinez-Roger, C. (1999) · Astronomy & Astrophysics Supplement Series · doi:10.1051/aas:1999521 · Cited by 978
Na-O anticorrelation and HB
Carretta, E., Bragaglia, A., Gratton, R., Lucatello, S., Catanzaro, G., Leone, F., Bellazzini, M., Claudi, R., D’Orazi, V., Momany, Y., et al. (2009) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912096 · Cited by 856
Self-citation
Multiple populations in globular clusters
Gratton, R., Carretta, E., & Bragaglia, A. (2012) · The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review · doi:10.1007/s00159-012-0050-3 · Cited by 765
Na-O anticorrelation and HB
Carretta, E., Bragaglia, A., Gratton, R., & Lucatello, S. (2009) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912097 · Cited by 613
Clues on the hot star content and the ultraviolet output of elliptical galaxies
Greggio, L., & Renzini, A. (1990) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/169384 · Cited by 369
Tests of Evolutionary Sequences Using Color-Magnitude Diagrams of Globular Clusters
Renzini, A., & Pecci, F. F. (1988) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.26.090188.001215 · Cited by 350
The Origin of Extreme Horizontal Branch Stars
D'Cruz, N. L., Dorman, B., Rood, R. T., & O'Connell, R. W. (1996) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/177515 · Cited by 323
Helium variation due to self-pollution among Globular Cluster stars: consequences on the horizontal branch morphologyPreprint
D'Antona, F. A., Caloi, V., Montalbán, J., Ventura, P., & Gratton, R. (2002) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0209331 · Cited by 234
Hot Horizontal‐Branch Stars: The Ubiquitous Nature of the “Jump” in Stromgren u , Low Gravities, and the Role of Radiative Levitation of Metals
Grundahl, F., Catelan, M., Landsman, W. B., Stetson, P. B., & Andersen, M. I. (1999) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/307807 · Cited by 220
Self-citation
Low-temperature gas opacity
Marigo, P., & Aringer, B. (2009) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912598 · Cited by 212
The abundance spread in the giants of NGC 6752
Norris, J. E., Cottrell, P. L., Freeman, K. C., & Costa, G. S. D. (1981) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/158698 · Cited by 194
Evolution and nucleosynthesis of extremely metal-poor and metal-free low- and intermediate-mass stars
Campbell, S. W., & Lattanzio, J. C. (2008) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200809597 · Cited by 189
Self-citation
A WFC3/HSTVIEW OF THE THREE STELLAR POPULATIONS IN THE GLOBULAR CLUSTER NGC 6752
Milone, A. P., Marino, A. F., Piotto, G., Bedin, L. R., Anderson, J., Aparicio, A., Bellini, A., Cassisi, S., D'Antona, F. A., Grundahl, F., et al. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/767/2/120 · Cited by 175
Self-citation
The Initial Helium Content of Galactic Globular Cluster Stars from theR‐Parameter: Comparison with the Cosmic Microwave Background Constraint
Cassisi, S., Salaris, M., & Irwin, A. W. (2003) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/374218 · Cited by 157
Nitrogen Abundances in Giant Stars of the Globular Cluster NGC 6752
Yong, D., Grundahl, F., Johnson, J. A., & Asplund, M. (2008) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/590658 · Cited by 140
Self-citation
SODIUM–OXYGEN ANTICORRELATION AMONG HORIZONTAL BRANCH STARS IN THE GLOBULAR CLUSTER M4
Marino, A. F., Villanova, S. N., Milone, A. P., Piotto, G., LIND, K., Geisler, D., & Stetson, P. B. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/730/2/l16 · Cited by 125
Prevention of High-Luminosity Carbon Stars by Hot Bottom Burning
Boothroyd, A. I., Sackmann, I. ‐., & Ahern, S. C. (1993) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/173275 · Cited by 120
Na-O anticorrelation and horizontal branches
Carretta, E., Bragaglia, A., Gratton, R., Lucatello, S., & Momany, Y. (2007) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065208 · Cited by 110
The helium content of globular clusters: light element abundance correlations and HB morphology
Villanova, S. N., Piotto, G., & Gratton, R. (2009) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811493 · Cited by 101
Carbon and nitrogen abundances in metal-poor stars.
Sneden, C. A. (1974) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/152828 · Cited by 86
Nitrogen abundances in giant stars of the globular cluster NGCPreprint
Yong, D., Grundahl, F., Johnson, J. A., & Asplund, M. (2008) · Cited by 80
Self-citation
Empirically Constrained Color-Temperature Relations. II.uvby
Clem, J. L., VandenBerg, D. A., Grundahl, F., & Bell, R. A. (2004) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/381295 · Cited by 67
Self-citation
The Smithsonian Astro-Physical Observatory
Remnant, S., Sankrit, R., RAYMOND, J. C., Bautista, M., Gaetz, T. J., Brian, J., Blair, W. P., Borkowski, K. J., & Long, K. S. (1891) · Nature · doi:10.1038/044254a0 · Cited by 59
A New Feature along the Extended Blue Horizontal Branch of NGC 6752
Momany, Y., Piotto, G., Recio-Blanco, A., Bedin, L. R., Cassisi, S., & Bono, G. (2002) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/343125 · Cited by 57
ULTRAVIOLET PROPERTIES OF GALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTERS WITHGALEX. II. INTEGRATED COLORS
Dalessandro, E., Schiavon, R. P., Rood, R. T., Ferraro, F. R., Sohn, S. T., Lanzoni, B., & O’Connell, R. W. (2012) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/144/5/126 · Cited by 56
Asymptotic Giant Branch predictions: Theoretical uncertainties
Cassisi, S., Castellani, V., Degl'Innocenti, S., Piotto, G., & Salaris, M. (2001) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20000293 · Cited by 43
The production of surface carbon depletions among globular cluster giants by interior mixing
Smith, G. H., & Tout, C. A. (1992) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/256.3.449 · Cited by 37
Asymptotic Giant Branch predictions: Theoretical uncertainties
Cassisi, S., Castellani, V., Degl’Innocenti, S., Piotto, G., & Salaris, M. (2001) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20000293/pdf · Cited by 28
Ultraviolet Imagery of NGC 6752: A Test of Extreme Horizontal Branch Models
Landsman, W. B., Sweigart, A. V., Bohlin, R. C., Neff, S. G., O'Connell, R. W., Roberts, M. S., Smith, A. M., & Stecher, T. P. (1996) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/310368 · Cited by 28
Exploring the Upper Red Giant and Asymptotic Giant Branches: The Globular Cluster M5
Sandquist, E. L., & Bolte, M. (2004) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/422134 · Cited by 27
Exploring the Upper Red Giant and Asymptotic Giant Branches: the Globular Cluster M5Preprint
Sandquist, E. L., & Bolte, M. (2004) · Cited by 26
Circumstellar absorption lines and mass loss from red giants
Reimers, D. (1975) · Cited by 20
Ratio of Horizontal Branch Stars to Red Giant Stars in Globular Clusters
Iben, I., Rood, R. T., Strom, K. M., & Strom, S. E. (1969) · Nature · doi:10.1038/2241006a0 · Cited by 13
Abundances of light elements in metal-poor stars II. Non-LTE abundance corrections ?
Gratton, R., Carretta, E., Eriksson, K., & Gustafsson, B. (1999) · Cited by 12
Abundances of light elements in metal-poor stars. I. Atmospheric parameters and a new T_eff scalePreprint
Gratton, R. G., Carretta, E., & Castelli, F. (1996) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9603011 · Cited by 10
The case of the disappearing CN-strong AGB stars in Galactic globular clusters -- Preliminary ResultsPreprint
Campbell, S. W., Yong, D., Boer, E. W.-D., Stancliffe, R. J., Lattanzio, J. C., Angelou, G. C., Grundahl, F., & Sneden, C. A. (2010) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1004.2249 · Cited by 2
Self-citation

Flagged first, then by citations

5 of the 44 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Buonanno, R., Corsi, C. E. & Fusi Pecci, F. The giant, asymptotic, and horizontal branches of globular clusters. II — Photographic photometry of the metal-poor clusters M15, M92, and NGC 5466. Astron. Astrophys. 145, 97–117 (1985)

Sorted by citations

The GALAH survey: scientific motivation
Silva, G. M. D., Freeman, K. C., Bland‐Hawthorn, J., Martell, S. L., Boer, E. W.-D., Asplund, M., Keller, S., Sharma, S., Zucker, D. B., Zwitter, T., et al. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv327 · Cited by 860
Self-citation
The Dawes Review 2: Nucleosynthesis and Stellar Yields of Low- and Intermediate-Mass Single Stars
Karakas, A. I., & Lattanzio, J. C. (2014) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia · doi:10.1017/pasa.2014.21 · Cited by 735
“Nevertheless, appealing again to star counts as a proxy for timescales, the data seem to argue against the reality of these pulses (Renzini & Fusi Pecci 1988; Caputo et al. 1989, but see also Campbell et al. 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE UV LEGACY SURVEY OF GALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTERS. I. OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT AND DETECTION OF MULTIPLE STELLAR POPULATIONS
Piotto, G., Milone, A. P., Bedin, L. R., Anderson, J., King, I. R., Marino, A. F., Nardiello, D., Aparicio, A., Barbuy, B., Bellini, A., et al. (2015) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/149/3/91 · Cited by 527
SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF COOL STARS: EXTENDED ABUNDANCE ANALYSIS OF 1,617 PLANET-SEARCH STARS
Brewer, J. M., Fischer, D. A., Valenti, J. A., & Piskunov, N. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.3847/0067-0049/225/2/32 · Cited by 392
What is a globular cluster? An observational perspective
Gratton, R., Bragaglia, A., Carretta, E., D’Orazi, V., Lucatello, S., & Sollima, A. (2019) · The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review · doi:10.1007/s00159-019-0119-3 · Cited by 291
Self-citation
The Hubble Space Telescope UV legacy survey of galactic globular clusters – XVI. The helium abundance of multiple populations
Milone, A. P., Marino, A. F., Renzini, A., D'Antona, F. A., Anderson, J., Barbuy, B., Bedin, L. R., Bellini, A., Brown, T. M., Cassisi, S., et al. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2573 · Cited by 217
Multiple Populations in Star Clusters
Milone, A. P., & Marino, A. F. (2022) · Universe · doi:10.3390/universe8070359 · Cited by 165
Evidence for Initial Mass Function Variation in Massive Early-Type Galaxies
Smith, R. J. (2020) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-032620-020217 · Cited by 105
High precision differential abundance measurements in globular clusters: chemical inhomogeneities in NGC 6752★
Yong, D., Meléndez, J., Grundahl, F., Roederer, I. U., Norris, J. E., Milone, A. P., Marino, A. F., Coelho, P., McArthur, B. E., Lind, K., et al. (2013) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1276 · Cited by 91
Self-citation
CNO abundances in the globular clusters NGC 1851 and NGC 6752★
Yong, D., Grundahl, F., & Norris, J. E. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2334 · Cited by 84
Self-citation
Ages of the Bulge Globular Clusters NGC 6522 and NGC 6626 (M28) from HST Proper-motion-cleaned Color–Magnitude Diagrams*
Kerber, L. O., Nardiello, D., Ortolani, S., Barbuy, B., Bica, E., Cassisi, S., Libralato, M., & Vieira, R. G. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaa3fc · Cited by 60
The treatment of mixing in core helium burning models – II. Constraints from cluster star counts
Constantino, T. N., Campbell, S. W., Lattanzio, J. C., & van Duijneveldt, A. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2939 · Cited by 59
Self-citation
AGB SODIUM ABUNDANCES IN THE GLOBULAR CLUSTER 47 TUCANAE (NGC 104)
Johnson, C. I., McDonald, I., Pilachowski, C. A., Mateo, M. L., Bailey, J. I., Cordero, M. J., Zijlstra, A. A., Crane, J. D., Olszewski, E. W., Shectman, S. A., et al. (2015) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/149/2/71 · Cited by 51
MULTIPLE STELLAR POPULATIONS OF GLOBULAR CLUSTERS FROM HOMOGENEOUS Ca by PHOTOMETRY. I. M22 (NGC 6656)
Lee, J.-W. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.1088/0067-0049/219/1/7 · Cited by 50
Spectroscopy and Photometry of Multiple Populations along the Asymptotic Giant Branch of NGC 2808 and NGC 6121 (M4)*
Marino, A. F., Milone, A. P., Yong, D., Costa, G. S. D., Asplund, M., Bedin, L. R., Jerjen, H., Nardiello, D., Piotto, G., Renzini, A., et al. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa7852 · Cited by 50
Self-citation
Lithium abundances in globular cluster giants: NGC 1904, NGC 2808, and NGC 362★
D’Orazi, V., Gratton, R., Angelou, G. C., Bragaglia, A., Carretta, E., Lattanzio, J. C., Lucatello, S., Momany, Y., Sollima, A., & Beccari, G. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv612 · Cited by 49
Self-citation
Multiple Stellar Populations and Their Evolution in Globular Clusters: A Nucleosynthesis Perspective
Charbonnel, C. (2016) · EAS Publications Series · doi:10.1051/eas/1680006 · Cited by 49
A Chemical Composition Survey of the Iron-complex Globular Cluster NGC 6273 (M19)*
Johnson, C. I., Caldwell, N., Rich, R. M., Mateo, M. L., Bailey, J. I., Clarkson, W. I., Olszewski, E. W., & Walker, M. G. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/836/2/168 · Cited by 47
Evolution of long-lived globular cluster stars
Chantereau, W., Charbonnel, C., & Meynet, G. (2016) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628418 · Cited by 47
NUCLEOSYNTHESIS IN HELIUM-ENRICHED ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH MODELS: IMPLICATIONS FOR HEAVY ELEMENT ENRICHMENT IN ω CENTAURI
Karakas, A. I., Marino, A. F., & Nataf, D. M. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/784/1/32 · Cited by 47
Multiple Stellar Populations of Globular Clusters from Homogeneous Ca-CN Photometry. II. M5 (NGC 5904) and a New Filter System*
Lee, J.-W. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa7b8c · Cited by 46
Four stellar populations and extreme helium variation in the massive outer-halo globular cluster NGC 2419
Zennaro, M., Milone, A. P., Marino, A. F., Cordoni, G., Lagioia, E. P., & Tailo, M. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1477 · Cited by 43
CLEAR EVIDENCE FOR THE PRESENCE OF SECOND-GENERATION ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH STARS IN METAL-POOR GALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTERS
García-Hernández, D. A., Mészáros, S., Monelli, M., Cassisi, S., Stetson, P. B., Zamora, O., Shetrone, M. D., & Lucatello, S. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/815/1/l4 · Cited by 41
On the missing second generation AGB stars in NGC 6752
Cassisi, S., Salaris, M., Pietrinferni, A., Vink, J. S., & Monelli, M. (2014) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424540 · Cited by 37
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH STARS IN M62
Lapenna, E., Mucciarelli, A., Ferraro, F. R., Origlia, L., Lanzoni, B., Massari, D., & Dalessandro, E. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/813/2/97 · Cited by 37
NON-LOCAL THERMODYNAMICAL EQUILIBRIUM EFFECTS ON THE IRON ABUNDANCE OF ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH STARS IN 47 TUCANAE
Lapenna, E., Mucciarelli, A., Lanzoni, B., Ferraro, F. R., Dalessandro, E., Origlia, L., & Massari, D. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/797/2/124 · Cited by 36
Multiple stellar populations in the globular cluster M3 (NGC 5272): a Strömgren perspective
Massari, D., Lapenna, E., Bragaglia, A., Dalessandro, E., Ramos, R. C., & Amigo, P. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw583 · Cited by 36
On the missing second generation AGB stars in NGC 6752
Cassisi, S., Salaris, M., Pietrinferni, A., Vink, J. S., & Monelli, M. (2014) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424540/pdf · Cited by 36
Sodium abundances of AGB and RGB stars in Galactic globular clusters
Wang, Y., Primas, F., Charbonnel, C., der Swaelmen, M. V., Bono, G., Chantereau, W., & Zhao, G. (2017) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201730976 · Cited by 35
The Hubble Space Telescope UV Legacy Survey of Galactic globular clusters – XIV. Multiple stellar populations within M 15 and their radial distribution★
Nardiello, D., Milone, A. P., Piotto, G., Anderson, J., Bedin, L. R., Bellini, A., Cassisi, S., Libralato, M., & Marino, A. F. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty719 · Cited by 34
Why the globular cluster NGC 6752 contains no sodium-rich second-generation AGB stars
Charbonnel, C., Chantereau, W., Decressin, T., Meynet, G., & Schaerer, D. (2013) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322422/pdf · Cited by 34
Evolution of long-lived globular cluster stars
Chantereau, W., Charbonnel, C., & Decressin, T. (2015) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525929 · Cited by 33
Why the globular cluster NGC 6752 contains no sodium-rich second-generation AGB stars
Charbonnel, C., Chantereau, W., Decressin, T., Meynet, G., & Schaerer, D. (2013) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322422 · Cited by 31
An extreme paucity of second population AGB stars in the ‘normal’ globular cluster M4
MacLean, B. T., Campbell, S. W., Silva, G. M. D., Lattanzio, J. C., D’Orazi, V., Simpson, J. D., & Momany, Y. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters · doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slw073 · Cited by 31
Self-citation
LOST AND FOUND: EVIDENCE OF SECOND-GENERATION STARS ALONG THE ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH OF THE GLOBULAR CLUSTER NGC 6752∗
Lapenna, E., Lardo, C., Mucciarelli, A., Salaris, M., Ferraro, F. R., Lanzoni, B., Massari, D., Stetson, P. B., Cassisi, S., & Savino, A. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8205/826/1/l1 · Cited by 31
Chromosome maps of globular clusters from wide-field ground-based photometry
Jang, S., Milone, A. P., Legnardi, M. V., Marino, A. F., Mastrobuono-Battisti, A., Dondoglio, E., Lagioia, E. P., Casagrande, L., Carlos, M., Mohandasan, A., et al. (2022) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stac3086 · Cited by 31
Sodium abundances of AGB and RGB stars in Galactic globular clusters
Wang, Y., Primas, F., Charbonnel, C., der Swaelmen, M. V., Bono, G., Chantereau, W., & Zhao, G. (2016) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628502 · Cited by 30
The GALAH Survey: Chemically tagging the Fimbulthul stream to the globular cluster ω Centauri
Simpson, J. D., Martell, S. L., Costa, G. D., Horner, J., Wyse, R. F. Ġ., Ting, Y.-S., Asplund, M., Bland‐Hawthorn, J., Buder, S., Silva, G. M. D., et al. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3105 · Cited by 27
First asteroseismic analysis of the globular cluster M80: multiple populations and stellar mass-loss
Howell, M., Campbell, S. W., Stello, D., & Silva, G. M. D. (2023) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stad3565 · Cited by 26
Self-citation
Multiple Stellar Populations of Globular Clusters from Homogeneous Ca–CN Photometry. III. NGC 6752*
Lee, J.-W. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aadcad · Cited by 23
Evolution and nucleosynthesis of helium-rich asymptotic giant branch models
Shingles, L. J., Doherty, C. L., Karakas, A. I., Stancliffe, R. J., Lattanzio, J. C., & Lugaro, M. A. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1489 · Cited by 23
Self-citation
Multiple Stellar Populations in Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars of Galactic Globular Clusters
Lagioia, E. P., Milone, A. P., Marino, A. F., Tailo, M., Renzini, A., Carlos, M., Cordoni, G., Dondoglio, E., Jang, S., Karakas, A. I., et al. (2021) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abdfcf · Cited by 23
Multiple populations along the asymptotic giant branch of the globular cluster M4
Lardo, C., Salaris, M., Savino, A., Donati, P., Stetson, P. B., & Cassisi, S. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw3374 · Cited by 22
Identification of globular cluster stars in RAVE data – I. Application to stellar parameter calibration
Anguiano, B., Zucker, D. B., Scholz, R. D., Grebel, E. K., Seabroke, G. M., Kunder, A., Binney, J. J., McMillan, P. J., Zwitter, T., Wyse, R. F. G., et al. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv800 · Cited by 22
Evolution of long-lived globular cluster stars
Charbonnel, C., & Chantereau, W. (2015) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527576 · Cited by 21
Light Element Abundances and Multiple Populations in M10
Gerber, J. M., Friel, E. D., & Vesperini, E. (2018) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aac2d4 · Cited by 20
VISTA variables in the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy: pulsation-versus dust-driven winds on the giant branches
McDonald, I., Zijlstra, A. A., Sloan, G. C., Kerins, E. J., Lagadec, E., & Minniti, D. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu117 · Cited by 18
M13 multiple stellar populations seen with the eyes of Strömgren photometry
Savino, A., Massari, D., Bragaglia, A., Dalessandro, E., & Tolstoy, E. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx3093 · Cited by 18
VISTA's view of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy and southern Galactic Bulge
McDonald, I., Zijlstra, A. A., Sloan, G. C., Kerins, E. J., Lagadec, E., Minniti, D., Santucho, M. V., Gurovich, S., & Domínguez, M. (2013) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1576 · Cited by 17
A chromosome map to unveil stellar populations with different magnesium abundances. The case of ω Centauri
Milone, A. P., Marino, A. F., Renzini, A., Li, C., Jang, S., Lagioia, E. P., Tailo, M., Cordoni, G., Carlos, M., & Dondoglio, E. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2119 · Cited by 17
First evidence of multiple populations along the AGB from Strömgren photometry
Gruyters, P., Casagrande, L., Milone, A. P., Hodgkin, S. T., Serenelli, A. M., & Feltzing, S. (2017) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201630341 · Cited by 16
First evidence of multiple populations along the AGB from Strömgren photometry
Gruyters, P., Casagrande, L., Milone, A. P., Hodgkin, S. T., Serenelli, A. M., & Feltzing, S. (2017) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201630341/pdf · Cited by 15
NGC 6752 AGB stars revisited
Campbell, S. W., MacLean, B. T., D’Orazi, V., Casagrande, L., de Silva, G. M., Yong, D., Cottrell, P. L., & Lattanzio, J. C. (2017) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731101 · Cited by 14
Self-citation
On the AGB stars of M 4: a robust disagreement between spectroscopic observations and theory
MacLean, B. T., Campbell, S. W., Amarsi, A. M., Nordlander, T., Cottrell, P. L., Silva, G. M. D., Lattanzio, J. C., Constantino, T. N., D’Orazi, V., & Casagrande, L. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2297 · Cited by 13
Self-citation
Identifying Multiple Populations in M71 Using CN
Gerber, J. M., Friel, E. D., & Vesperini, E. (2020) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab607e · Cited by 12
The chemical compositions of multiple stellar populations in the globular cluster NGC 2808
Carlos, M., Marino, A. F., Milone, A. P., Dondoglio, E., Jang, S., Legnardi, M. V., Mohandasan, A., Cordoni, G., Lagioia, E. P., Amarsi, A. M., et al. (2022) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stac3561 · Cited by 12
On the Chemical Abundances of Miras in Clusters: V1 in the Metal-rich Globular NGC 5927*
D’Orazi, V., Magurno, D., Bono, G., Matsunaga, N., Braga, V. F., Elgueta, S. S., Fukue, K., Hamano, S., Inno, L., Kobayashi, N., et al. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aab100 · Cited by 11
Self-citation
Slowly Cooling White Dwarfs in NGC 6752
Chen, J., Ferraro, F. R., Cadelano, M., Salaris, M., Lanzoni, B., Pallanca, C., Althaus, L. G., Cassisi, S., & Dalessandro, E. (2022) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac7a45 · Cited by 11
Multiple Stellar Populations of Globular Clusters from Homogeneous Ca–CN–CH Photometry. V. as a Surrogate cnJWL Index and NGC 6723∗ †
Lee, J.-W. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab3d34 · Cited by 11
AGB subpopulations in the nearby globular cluster NGC 6397
MacLean, B. T., Campbell, S. W., Silva, G. M. D., Lattanzio, J. C., D’Orazi, V., Cottrell, P. L., Momany, Y., & Casagrande, L. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx3217 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Confirming the Presence of Second-population Stars and the Iron Discrepancy along the AGB of the Globular Cluster NGC 6752∗
Mucciarelli, A., Lapenna, E., Lardo, C., Bonifacio, P., Ferraro, F. R., & Lanzoni, B. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaf3a4 · Cited by 9
Maximum helium content of multiple populations in the globular cluster NGC 6752
Martins, F., Chantereau, W., & Charbonnel, C. (2021) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140800/pdf · Cited by 9
Towards 21st century stellar models: Star clusters, supercomputing and asteroseismology
Campbell, S. W., Constantino, T. N., D’Orazi, V., Meakin, C. A., Stello, D., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., Kuehn, C. A., Silva, G. M. D., Arnett, W. D., Lattanzio, J. C., et al. (2016) · Astronomische Nachrichten · doi:10.1002/asna.201612373 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
Integrated Spectra of Milky Way Globular Clusters
Moura, T. C., Trevisan, M., Barbuy, B., & Rossi, S. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab3eb6 · Cited by 8
Maximum helium content of multiple populations in the globular cluster NGC 6752
Martins, F., Chantereau, W., & Charbonnel, C. (2021) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140800 · Cited by 7
A photometric study of globular clusters observed by the APOGEE survey
Mészáros, S., García-Hernández, D. A., Cassisi, S., Monelli, M., Szigeti, L., Dell’Agli, F., Derekas, A., Masseron, T., Shetrone, M. D., Stetson, P. B., et al. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx3275 · Cited by 6
The Populations of Carina. I. Decoding the Color–Magnitude Diagram
Norris, J. E., Yong, D., Venn, K. A., Dotter, A., Casagrande, L., & Gilmore, G. F. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aa755c · Cited by 5
Self-citation
The evolutionary state of the red giant star L2 Puppis
Uttenthaler, S. (2024) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202452173 · Cited by 3
Light Element Abundances and Multiple Populations in M53
Gerber, J. M., Friel, E. D., & Vesperini, E. (2021) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abf04d · Cited by 2
A review of the search for AGB stars
Lu, H.-L., Li, Y.-B., Luo, A.-L., Zou, Z., Kong, X., Yi, Z., Jones, H. R. A., Liang, J.-C., & Li, S. (2025) · Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences · doi:10.3389/fspas.2025.1587415 · Cited by 2
Multiple populations along the asymptotic giant branch: A Gaia+APOGEE study of 22 Galactic globular clusters
Dondoglio, E., Milone, A. P., Marino, A. F., Cordoni, G., Legnardi, M. V., Ziliotto, T., Asad, R., Mastrobuono-Battisti, A., Muratore, F., Bortolan, E., et al. (2026) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202660986 · Cited by 1
HIGHLIGHTS OF COMMISSION 37 SCIENCE RESULTS
B, G. C. A., de Grijs, R., Elmegreen, B. G., Stetson, P. B., Anthony-Twarog, B. J., Goodwin, S. P., Geisler, D., & Minniti, D. (2015) · Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union · doi:10.1017/s174392131600096x · Cited by 1
The predicted properties of helium-enriched globular cluster progenitors at high redshift
Nataf, D. M., Horiuchi, S., Costa, G., Wyse, R. F. Ġ., Ting, Y.-S., Crocker, R. M., Federrath, C., & Chen, Y. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1351 · Cited by 1
He-enriched starevol models for globular cluster multiple populations. Self-consistent isochrones from ZAMS to the TP-AGB phase
Costa, G., Dumont, T., Lançon, A., Palacios, A., Charbonnel, C., Prugniel, P., Ekström, S., Georgy, C., Branco, V., Coelho, P., et al. (2024) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449741 · Cited by 1
Evolution of long-lived globular cluster stars I. Grid of stellar models with helium enhancement at [Fe/H] = -1.75
Chantereau, W., Charbonnel, C., & Decressin, T. (2015) · Liverpool John Moores University · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1504.01878
Massive star archeology in globular clusters
Chantereau, W., Charbonnel, C., & Meynet, G. (2014) · Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union · doi:10.1017/s174392131400636x
Are Galactic globular cluster AGB stars rich or poor in Sodium? Sodium abundance of AGB and RGB stars in NGC 2808
Wang, Y., Primas, F., Charbonnel, C., der Swaelmen, M. V., Chantereau, W., & Bono, G. (2015) · Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union · doi:10.1017/s1743921316008681
Young and old massive star clusters and their stellar populations - Theoretical challenges for the next decade
Charbonnel, C. (2015) · Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union · doi:10.1017/s174392131600702x
A stellar mid-life crisis: why do some cluster stars die early?
Campbell, S. W. (2013) · The Conversation · doi:10.64628/aa.hs66ftrph
Self-citation
Observational aspects of globular cluster and halo stars in the GALAH survey
Mohd Saadon, M. H. (2022) · UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia) · doi:10.26190/unsworks/22405

Why the globular cluster NGC 6752 contains no sodium-rich second-generation AGB stars
Charbonnel, C., Chantereau, W., Decressin, T., Meynet, G., & Schaerer, D. (2013) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322422 · Cited by 31
LOST AND FOUND: EVIDENCE OF SECOND-GENERATION STARS ALONG THE ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH OF THE GLOBULAR CLUSTER NGC 6752∗
Lapenna, E., Lardo, C., Mucciarelli, A., Salaris, M., Ferraro, F. R., Lanzoni, B., Massari, D., Stetson, P. B., Cassisi, S., & Savino, A. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8205/826/1/l1 · Cited by 31
Sodium abundances of AGB and RGB stars in Galactic globular clusters
Wang, Y., Primas, F., Charbonnel, C., der Swaelmen, M. V., Bono, G., Chantereau, W., & Zhao, G. (2016) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628502 · Cited by 30
Are Galactic globular cluster AGB stars rich or poor in Sodium? Sodium abundance of AGB and RGB stars in NGC 2808
Wang, Y., Primas, F., Charbonnel, C., der Swaelmen, M. V., Chantereau, W., & Bono, G. (2015) · Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union · doi:10.1017/s1743921316008681
On the missing second generation AGB stars in NGC 6752
Cassisi, S., Salaris, M., Pietrinferni, A., Vink, J. S., & Monelli, M. (2014) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424540 · Cited by 37

Authors: Campbell, S. W., D’Orazi, V., Yong, D., Constantino, T. N., Lattanzio, J. C., Stancliffe, R. J., Angelou, G. C., Wylie-de Boer, E. C., & Grundahl, F.
Affiliations: Monash University (AU)
Australian National University (AU)
Aarhus University (DK)
Corresponding author: Campbell, Simon W.
ORCID: Campbell, Simon W.
D’Orazi, Valentina
Yong, David
Constantino, Thomas N.
Lattanzio, John C.
Stancliffe, Richard J.
Angelou, George C.
Grundahl, Frank
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2013-05-29
Volume: 498
Issue: 7453
Pages: 198-200
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/nature12191
OpenAlex: W2014992560
Cited by: 81
References: 44
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5
FWCI: 7.01
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
arxiv.org
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University) (submittedVersion)
ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
Keywords: globular clusters, NGC 6752, second-generation stars, first-generation stars, sodium abundance, asymptotic giant branch, stellar evolution, red giant branch, stellar populations

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Sodium content as a predictor of the advanced evolution of globular cluster stars

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks