The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Injectable, spontaneously assembling, inorganic scaffolds modulate immune cells in vivo and increase vaccine efficacy
Open accessAbstract
Implanting materials in the body to program host immune cells is a promising alternative to transplantation of cells manipulated ex vivo to direct an immune response, but doing so requires a surgical procedure. Here we demonstrate that high-aspect-ratio, mesoporous silica rods (MSRs) injected with a needle spontaneously assemble in vivo to form macroporous structures that provide a 3D cellular microenvironment for host immune cells. In mice, substantial numbers of dendritic cells are recruited to the pores between the scaffold rods. The recruitment of dendritic cells and their subsequent homing to lymph nodes can be modulated by sustained release of inflammatory signals and adjuvants from the scaffold. Moreover, injection of an MSR-based vaccine formulation enhances systemic helper T cells TH1 and TH2 serum antibody and cytotoxic T-cell levels compared to bolus controls. These findings suggest that injectable MSRs may serve as a multifunctional vaccine platform to modulate host immune cell function and provoke adaptive immune responses.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Lutolf, M. P., & Hubbell, J. A. (2005) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt1055 · Cited by 4,551
Chimeric antigen receptor–modified T cells in chronic lymphoid leukemia
Porter, D. L., Levine, B. L., Kalos, M., Bagg, A., & June, C. H. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1103849 · Cited by 3,565
Hornung, V., Bauernfeind, F., Halle, A., Samstad, E. O., Kono, H., Rock, K. L., Fitzgerald, K. A., & Latz, E. (2008) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1631 · Cited by 3,065
Innate Immune Activation Through Nalp3 Inflammasome Sensing of Asbestos and Silica
Dostert, C., Pétrilli, V., Van Bruggen, R., Steele, C., Mossman, B. T., & Tschopp, J. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1156995 · Cited by 2,658
Victora, G. D., & Nussenzweig, M. C. (2012) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-075032 · Cited by 1,878
Xia, T., Kovochich, M., Liong, M., Meng, H., Kabehie, S., George, S., Zink, J. I., & Nel, A. E. (2009) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn900918w · Cited by 933
Cited by
Targeted drug delivery strategies for precision medicines
Manzari, M. T., Shamay, Y., Kiguchi, H., Rosen, N., Scaltriti, M., & Heller, D. A. (2021) · Nature Reviews Materials · doi:10.1038/s41578-020-00269-6 · Cited by 1,183
Towards personalized, tumour-specific, therapeutic vaccines for cancer
Hu, Z., Ott, P. A., & Wu, C. J. (2018) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri.2017.131 · Cited by 1,067
Vaccine adjuvants: mechanisms and platforms
Zhao, T., Cai, Y., Jiang, Y., He, X., Wei, Y., Yu, Y., & Tian, X. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01557-7 · Cited by 1,020
Advances in Biomaterials for Drug Delivery
Fenton, O. S., Olafson, K. N., Pillai, P. S., Mitchell, M. J., & Langer, R. (2018) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201705328 · Cited by 855
The role of myeloid cells in cancer therapies
Engblom, C., Pfirschke, C., & Pittet, M. J. (2016) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc.2016.54 · Cited by 788
Metadata
- Authors
- Kim, J., Li, W. A., Choi, Y., Lewin, S. A., Verbeke, C. S., Dranoff, G., & Mooney, D. J.
- Venue
- Nature Biotechnology
- Published
- 2014-12-08
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 64-72
- ISSN
- 0733-222X (ISSN-L)
- 1087-0156
- 1546-1696
- OpenAlex
- W2090459898
- Cited by
- 541
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 13.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Injectable, spontaneously assembling, inorganic scaffolds modulate immune cells in vivo and increase vaccine efficacy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nbt.3071
- The paper
- Kim, J., Li, W. A., Choi, Y., Lewin, S. A., Verbeke, C. S., Dranoff, G., & Mooney, D. J. (2015). Injectable, spontaneously assembling, inorganic scaffolds modulate immune cells in vivo and increase vaccine efficacy. Nature Biotechnology. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.3071
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
