Synthetic biomaterials as instructive extracellular microenvironments for morphogenesis in tissue engineering
Open accessAbstract
New generations of synthetic biomaterials are being developed at a rapid pace for use as three-dimensional extracellular microenvironments to mimic the regulatory characteristics of natural extracellular matrices (ECMs) and ECM-bound growth factors, both for therapeutic applications and basic biological studies. Recent advances include nanofibrillar networks formed by self-assembly of small building blocks, artificial ECM networks from protein polymers or peptide-conjugated synthetic polymers that present bioactive ligands and respond to cell-secreted signals to enable proteolytic remodeling. These materials have already found application in differentiating stem cells into neurons, repairing bone and inducing angiogenesis. Although modern synthetic biomaterials represent oversimplified mimics of natural ECMs lacking the essential natural temporal and spatial complexity, a growing symbiosis of materials engineering and cell biology may ultimately result in synthetic materials that contain the necessary signals to recapitulate developmental processes in tissue- and organ-specific differentiation and morphogenesis.
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The major challenge in developing synthetic biomaterials for clinical applications is reproducing the complexity of form and dynamics of function of the wound microenvironment.
“The major challenge in developing synthetic biomaterials for clinical applications is reproducing the complexity of form and dynamics of function of the wound microenvironment (144).”
From Wound repair and regeneration: Mechanisms, signaling, and translation (2014) · cites this paper as [144]
Synthetic hydrogels can be functionalized with biologically active moieties that permit the growth and spread of cells; concentration and spacing of these cues can be changed independently.
“Synthetic hydrogels can be functionalized with biologically active moieties that permit the growth and spread of cells146–151; concentration and spacing of these cues can be changed independently152–155.”
From Towards organoid culture without Matrigel (2021) · cites this paper as [146]
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- Authors
- Lutolf, M. P., & Hubbell, J. A.
- Affiliations
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Hubbell, J A
- ORCID
- Hubbell, J A
- Venue
- Nature Biotechnology
- Published
- 2005-01
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 47-55
- ISSN
- 0733-222X (ISSN-L)
- 1087-0156
- 1546-1696
- OpenAlex
- W2037810763
- Cited by
- 4,551
- References
- 113
- Citations by year
- 2026: 101 · 2025: 126 · 2024: 136 · 2023: 119 · 2022: 124 · 2021: 182 · 2020: 219 · 2019: 231 · 2018: 262 · 2017: 299 · 2016: 302 · 2015: 288 · 2014: 334 · 2013: 290 · 2012: 309
- FWCI
- 11.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- infoscience.epfl.ch
- Locations
- Nature Biotechnology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Keywords
- synthetic biomaterials, extracellular matrix mimics, morphogenesis, tissue engineering, nanofibrillar networks, self-assembly, stem cell differentiation, bone regeneration, angiogenesis, developmental processes
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biocompatible Materials, Cell Adhesion, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Extracellular Matrix, Humans, Ligands, Models, Biological, Neurons, Peptides, Polymers, Stem Cells, Time Factors, Protein Engineering, Integrins, Cell Lineage, Hydrogels, Tissue Engineering, Endothelial Cells
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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