The replication of β cells in normal physiology, in disease and for therapy
Abstract
Replication of beta cells is an important source of beta-cell expansion in early childhood. The recent linkage of type 2 diabetes with several transcription factors involved in cell cycle regulation implies that growth of the beta-cell mass in early childhood might be an important determinant of risk for type 2 diabetes. Under some circumstances, including obesity and pregnancy, the beta-cell mass is adaptively increased in adult humans. The mechanisms by which this adaptive growth occurs and the relative contributions of beta-cell replication or of mechanisms independent of beta-cell replication are unknown. Also, although there is interest in the potential for beta-cell regeneration as a therapeutic approach in both type 1 and 2 diabetes, little is yet known about the potential sources of new beta cells in adult humans. In common with other cell types, replicating beta cells have an increased vulnerability to apoptosis, which is likely to limit the therapeutic value of inducing beta-cell replication in the proapoptotic environment of type 1 and 2 diabetes unless applied in conjunction with a strategy to suppress increased apoptosis.
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Both the concept of autoimmune destruction and the concept that remaining β cells are incapable of regeneration have been debated.
“Both of these concepts of pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes have been debated.50,51”
From Type 1 diabetes (2014) · cites this paper as [50]
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- Authors
- Butler, P. C., Meier, J. J., Butler, A. E., & Bhushan, A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Butler, Peter C
- Venue
- Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Published
- 2007-11
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 758-768
- ISSN
- 1745-8366 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-8374
- OpenAlex
- W2054821923
- Cited by
- 268
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 4.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- beta-cell proliferation, beta-cell mass, type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes, beta cell regeneration, apoptosis, obesity, pregnancy, transcription factors, cell cycle regulation, diabetes treatment
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Cell Division, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Insulin-Secreting Cells
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