The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Timing, rates and spectra of human germline mutation
Open accessAbstract
Germline mutations are a driving force behind genome evolution and genetic disease. We investigated genome-wide mutation rates and spectra in multi-sibling families. The mutation rate increased with paternal age in all families, but the number of additional mutations per year differed by more than twofold between families. Meta-analysis of 6,570 mutations showed that germline methylation influences mutation rates. In contrast to somatic mutations, we found remarkable consistency in germline mutation spectra between the sexes and at different paternal ages. In parental germ line, 3.8% of mutations were mosaic, resulting in 1.3% of mutations being shared by siblings. The number of these shared mutations varied significantly between families. Our data suggest that the mutation rate per cell division is higher during both early embryogenesis and differentiation of primordial germ cells but is reduced substantially during post-pubertal spermatogenesis. These findings have important consequences for the recurrence risks of disorders caused by de novo mutations.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools
Li, H., Handsaker, B., Wysoker, A., Fennell, T., Ruan, J., Homer, N., Marth, G., Abecasis, G., Durbin, R., & 1000 Genome Project Data Processing Subgroup (2009) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp352 · Cited by 62,041
An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome
The ENCODE Project Consortium (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11247 · Cited by 18,072
Signatures of mutational processes in human cancer
Initiative, A. P. C. G., Alexandrov, L. B., ICGC Breast Cancer Consortium, ICGC MMML-Seq Consortium, PedBrain, I., Nik-Zainal, S., Wedge, D. C., Aparicio, S. A. J. R., Behjati, S., Biankin, A. V., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12477 · Cited by 9,660
Self-citationGenome maintenance mechanisms for preventing cancer
Hoeijmakers, J. H. J. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35077232 · Cited by 3,939
Enhancements and modifications of primer design program Primer3
Koressaar, T., & Remm, M. (2007) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btm091 · Cited by 2,603
Rate of de novo mutations and the importance of father’s age to disease risk
Kong, A., Frigge, M. L., Masson, G., Besenbacher, S., Sulem, P., Magnusson, G., Gudjonsson, S. A., Sigurdsson, A., Jonasdottir, A., Jonasdottir, A., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11396 · Cited by 2,134
Lindahl, T., & Wood, R. D. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.286.5446.1897 · Cited by 1,494
Guidelines for investigating causality of sequence variants in human disease
MacArthur, D. G., Manolio, T. A., Dimmock, D. P., Rehm, H. L., Shendure, J., Abecasis, G. R., Adams, D. R., Altman, R. B., Antonarakis, S. E., Ashley, E. A., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13127 · Cited by 1,224
Analysis of Genetic Inheritance in a Family Quartet by Whole-Genome Sequencing
Roach, J. C., Glusman, G., Smit, A. F. A., Huff, C. D., Hubley, R., Shannon, P. T., Rowen, L., Pant, K. P., Goodman, N., Bamshad, M., et al. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1186802 · Cited by 1,084
The origins, patterns and implications of human spontaneous mutation
Crow, J. F. (2000) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/35049558 · Cited by 928
Cited by
Prevalence and architecture of de novo mutations in developmental disorders
Study, D. D. D. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature21062 · Cited by 1,480
Mutational signatures associated with tobacco smoking in human cancer
Alexandrov, L. B., Ju, Y. S., Haase, K., Van Loo, P., Martincorena, I., Nik-Zainal, S., Totoki, Y., Fujimoto, A., Nakagawa, H., Shibata, T., et al. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aag0299 · Cited by 1,100
Self-citationMechanisms and therapeutic implications of hypermutation in gliomas
Touat, M., Li, Y. Y., Boynton, A. N., Spurr, L. F., Iorgulescu, J. B., Bohrson, C. L., Cortes-Ciriano, I., Birzu, C., Geduldig, J. E., Pelton, K., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2209-9 · Cited by 677
Population dynamics of normal human blood inferred from somatic mutations
Lee-Six, H., Øbro, N. F., Shepherd, M. S., Grossmann, S., Dawson, K., Belmonte, M., Osborne, R. J., Huntly, B. J. P., Martincorena, I., Anderson, E., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0497-0 · Cited by 604
Self-citationParental influence on human germline de novo mutations in 1,548 trios from Iceland
Jónsson, H., Sulem, P., Kehr, B., Kristmundsdottir, S., Zink, F., Hjartarson, E., Hardarson, M. T., Hjorleifsson, K. E., Eggertsson, H. P., Gudjonsson, S. A., et al. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature24018 · Cited by 561
Metadata
- Authors
- UK10K Consortium, Rahbari, R., Wuster, A., Lindsay, S. J., Hardwick, R. J., Alexandrov, L. B., Al Turki, S., Dominiczak, A., Morris, A., Porteous, D., Smith, B., Stratton, M. R., & Hurles, M. E.
- Venue
- Nature Genetics
- Published
- 2015-12-14
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 126-133
- ISSN
- 1061-4036 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1718
- OpenAlex
- W2201808132
- Cited by
- 655
- References
- 38
- FWCI
- 34.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Timing, rates and spectra of human germline mutation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/ng.3469
- The paper
- UK10K Consortium, Rahbari, R., Wuster, A., Lindsay, S. J., Hardwick, R. J., Alexandrov, L. B., Al Turki, S., Dominiczak, A., Morris, A., Porteous, D., Smith, B., Stratton, M. R., & Hurles, M. E. (2016). Timing, rates and spectra of human germline mutation. Nature Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.3469
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.