Histone H3 lysine 9 methylation is an epigenetic imprint of facultative heterochromatin
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Post-translational modifications of histone amino termini are an important regulatory mechanism that induce transitions in chromatin structure, thereby contributing to epigenetic gene control and the assembly of specialized chromosomal subdomains. Methylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3-Lys9) by site-specific histone methyltransferases (Suv39h HMTases) marks constitutive heterochromatin. Here, we show that H3-Lys9 methylation also occurs in facultative heterochromatin of the inactive X chromosome (Xi) in female mammals. H3-Lys9 methylation is retained through mitosis, indicating that it might provide an epigenetic imprint for the maintenance of the inactive state. Disruption of the two mouse Suv39h HMTases abolishes H3-Lys9 methylation of constitutive heterochromatin but not that of the Xi. In addition, HP1 proteins, which normally associate with heterochromatin, do not accumulate with the Xi. These observations suggest the existence of an Suv39h-HP1-independent pathway regulating H3-Lys9 methylation of facultative heterochromatin.
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Suv39h is not required for all types of heterochromatin formation.
“and Suv39h is not required for all types of heterochromatin formation (Peters et al., 2002).”
From Rb-mediated heterochromatin formation and silencing of E2F target genes during cellular senescence (2003) · cites this paper as Peters et al., 2002
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- Authors
- Peters, A. H. F. M., Mermoud, J. E., O'Carroll, D., Pagani, M., Schweizer, D., Brockdorff, N., & Jenuwein, T.
- Affiliations
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (AT)
- Hammersmith Hospital (GB)
- University of Vienna (AT)
- Corresponding author
- Jenuwein, Thomas
- Venue
- Nature Genetics
- Published
- 2001-12-10
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 77-80
- ISSN
- 1061-4036 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1718
- OpenAlex
- W2060863780
- Cited by
- 502
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 14.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cancer-related gene regulation
- Keywords
- histone H3 lysine 9 methylation, facultative heterochromatin, inactive X chromosome, Suv39h, histone methyltransferase, HP1 proteins, constitutive heterochromatin, chromatin structure, X chromosome inactivation
- MeSH terms
- Histone Methyltransferases, Amniocentesis, Aneuploidy, Animals, Binding Sites, Cells, Cultured, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4, Dosage Compensation, Genetic, Female, Fibroblasts, Gene Expression Regulation, Heterochromatin, Histones, Humans, Lysine, Male, Metaphase, Methylation, Methyltransferases, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Mouth Mucosa, Precipitin Tests, Pregnancy, Protein Binding, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase, Protein Methyltransferases, Repressor Proteins, Translocation, Genetic, X Chromosome, Protein Isoforms, Chromosome Painting, Mice
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