Position-effect variegation and the genetic dissection of chromatin regulation in Drosophila
Abstract
In position-effect variegation (PEV) genes become silenced by heterochromatisation. Genetic dissection of this process has been performed by means of dominant suppressor [Su(var)] and enhancer [E(var)] mutations. Selective genetic screens allowed mass isolation of more than 380 PEV modifier mutations identifying about 150 genes. Genetic fine structure studies revealed unique dosage dependent effects. Most of the haplo-dependent Su(var) and E(var) genes do not display triplo-dependent effects. Several Su(var) loci with triplo-dependent opposite enhancer effects have been identified and shown to encode heterochromatin-associated proteins. From these the evolutionary conserved histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferase SU(VAR)3-9 plays a central role in heterochromatic gene silencing. Molecular function of most PEV modifier genes is still unknown also including genes identified with mutations displaying lethal interaction to heterochromatin. Their analysis should contribute to further understanding of processes connected with regulation of higher order chromatin structure and epigenetic programming.
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Identified Drosophila modifier genes include genes encoding proteins involved in heterochromatin formation, such as HP1 and histone methyltransferases.
“These include genes encoding proteins involved in heterochromatin formation, for example, HP1 and histone methyltransferases [8].”
From A genome-wide screen for modifiers of transgene variegation identifies genes with critical roles in development (2008) · cites this paper as [8]
Drosophila modifier screens suggest there are between 100 and 150 genes that modify position effect variegation.
“These screens have been continued to saturation and the results suggest that there are between 100 and 150 such genes [7,8].”
From A genome-wide screen for modifiers of transgene variegation identifies genes with critical roles in development (2008) · cites this paper as [8]
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- Authors
- Schotta, G., Ebert, A., Dorn, R., & Reuter, G.
- Affiliations
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (DE)
- Venue
- Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-02
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 67-75
- ISSN
- 1084-9521 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2053291659
- Cited by
- 213
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Keywords
- position effect variegation, heterochromatin, gene silencing, dose-dependent effects, Su(var)3-9, histone H3 lysine 9 methylation, chromatin regulation, epigenetic regulation, Drosophila
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Chromatin, Drosophila, Heterochromatin, Methyltransferases, Mutation, Phenotype, Gene Silencing
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