First plants cooled the Ordovician
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It is unclear what role the evolution of land plants and associated changes in terrestrial weathering had on the Sr isotopic composition of the oceans.
“It is unclear, for example, what role the evolution of land plants and the associated changes in terrestrial weathering had on the Sr isotopic composition of the oceans (Servais et al., 2019), although some authors implicate a clear and direct link (e. g., Lenton et al., 2012).”
From No (Cambrian) explosion and no (Ordovician) event: A single long-term radiation in the early Palaeozoic (2023) · cites this paper as Lenton et al., 2012
Including an effect of early plants on silicate weathering with C/P = 1,000 increases organic carbon burial by ∼35%, δ13C by 0.7‰, and O2 by 0.18 PAL.
“If we include in COPSE an effect of early plants on silicate weathering following ref. 20, assuming C/P = 1,000, this increases organic carbon burial by ∼ 35%, δ 13 C by 0.7 ‰ , and O2 by 0.18 PAL (Fig. 3, magenta).”
From Earliest land plants created modern levels of atmospheric oxygen (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
Early plants selectively increased the flux of phosphorus (relative to alkalinity) weathered from rocks.
“Furthermore, recent experiments suggest that early plants selectively increased the flux of phosphorus (relative to alkalinity) weathered from rocks.”
From Earliest land plants created modern levels of atmospheric oxygen (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
Extensive shallow water phosphate deposits in the Late Ordovician indicate a marked increase in phosphorus input to the ocean.
“We also note that extensive shallow water phosphate deposits in the Late Ordovician (35) indicate a marked increase in phosphorus input to the ocean (20).”
From Earliest land plants created modern levels of atmospheric oxygen (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
Earlier plants developed peatlands and had rock-weathering capabilities, so they could also have affected the global carbon cycle.
“Given that earlier plants developed peatlands (28), and had rock-weathering capabilities (20, 21), they could also have affected the global carbon cycle (18, 20).”
From Earliest land plants created modern levels of atmospheric oxygen (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
In the original COPSE model, predicted NPP only reaches ∼5% of today's value in the Late Ordovician and Silurian, but with a stronger Late Ordovician phase of land colonization, COPSE predicts global NPP 30-40% of today.
“In the original COPSE model (10), predicted NPP only reaches ∼ 5% of today ' s value in the Late Ordovician and Silurian, but when we assume a stronger Late Ordovician phase of land colonization by nonvascular plants (following ref. 20; SI Materials and Methods ), then COPSE predicts global NPP 30 -40% of today (Fig. 3 A ), consistent with the detailed spatial model.”
From Earliest land plants created modern levels of atmospheric oxygen (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
Plants and their associated mycorrhizal fungi can increase phosphorus weathering, and this could be sustained on longer timescales if they preferentially weather phosphorus relative to alkalinity.
“However, plants and their associated mycorrhizal fungi can increase phosphorus weathering (20 -22), and this could be sustained on longer timescales if they preferentially weather phosphorus relative to alkalinity.”
From Earliest land plants created modern levels of atmospheric oxygen (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
The effect on O2 is constrained because atmospheric CO2 and temperature are reduced such that the silicate weathering flux continues to match the degassing flux of CO2.
“The effect on O2 is constrained because atmospheric CO2 and temperature are reduced (20) such that the silicate weathering flux (and associated phosphorus flux) continues to match the degassing flux of CO2 (Fig. S3).”
From Earliest land plants created modern levels of atmospheric oxygen (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
At atmospheric CO2 = 8 PAL, predicted global NPP is ∼19 GtC·y-1, ∼30% of today.
“At atmospheric CO2 = 8 PAL, consistent with Late Ordovician glaciations (20), predicted global NPP is ∼ 19 GtC · y -1 (GtC, billion metric tons of carbon) (Fig. 2), ∼ 30% of today.”
From Earliest land plants created modern levels of atmospheric oxygen (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
Experimental work has shown that the moss Physcomitrella patens amplifies weathering of Ca ions 1.4- to 3.6-fold, Mg ions 1.5- to 5.4-fold from silicate rocks, and phosphorus from granite ∼24-fold.
“Experimental work (20) has shown that a modern nonvascular plant, the moss Physcomitrella patens , amplifies the weathering of Ca ions 1.4- to 3.6-fold and Mg ions 1.5- to 5.4-fold from silicate rocks (granite -andesite), and amplifies the weathering of phosphorus from granite ∼ 24-fold (range 15 -43; Materials and Methods ).”
From Earliest land plants created modern levels of atmospheric oxygen (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
The biotic P weathering amplification factor is ∼24 (range 15-43).
“this gives a biotic P weathering amplification factor ∼ 24 (range 15 -43), whereas previously we suggested up to 60 (20).”
From Earliest land plants created modern levels of atmospheric oxygen (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
In previously reported weathering experiments with granite, the mean amounts of phosphate weathered into aqueous solution were 0.0137 μmol P in control microcosms and 0.0726 μmol P in biotic microcosms.
“In our previously reported (20) weathering experiments with granite, the mean amounts of phosphate weathered into aqueous solution were as follows: control microcosms = 0.0137 μ mol P, biotic microcosms = 0.0726 μ mol P.”
From Earliest land plants created modern levels of atmospheric oxygen (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
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- Authors
- Lenton, T. M., Crouch, M., Johnson, M., Pires, N., & Dolan, L.
- Affiliations
- University of East Anglia (GB)
- John Innes Centre (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Lenton, Timothy M.
- Dolan, Liam
- Venue
- Nature Geoscience
- Published
- 2012-02
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 86-89
- ISSN
- 1752-0894 (ISSN-L)
- 1752-0908
- OpenAlex
- W1984113581
- Cited by
- 358
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 13.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Geoscience (publishedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion)
- UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
- Funders
- Natural Environment Research Council (NE/I005978/1, NE/I005978/2)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Keywords
- Late Ordovician glaciation, chemical weathering, atmospheric CO2, ice sheets, plant evolution, carbon cycle, paleoclimate
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